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Revision as of 11:48, 3 October 2018
Sources for buddha-nature Teachings
This page provides a listing of some of the key sources for buddha nature teachings found in the sutras, as well as the key texts found in Sanskrit, Chinese, and Tibetan traditions, as well as influential commentaries from centuries of traditional scholarship on the subject.
Sutra Sources[edit]
Details on the sutra sources for the Ratnagotravibhāga by Karl Brunnhölzl
Dhāraṇīśvararājasūtra = ārya-tathāgata-mahākaruṇā-nirdeśa-nāma-mahāyāna-sūtra
Śrīmālādevīsūtra
Anūnatvāpūrṇatvanirdeśaparivarta
Sarvabuddhaviśayāvatārajñānālokālaṃkārasūtra
Tathāgatagarbhasūtra
Sāgaramatiparipṛcchāsūtra
Mahāyānābhidharmasūtra
Dṛḍhādhyāśayaparivarta (or Sthirādhyāśayaparivartasūtra)
Tathāgataguṇajñānācintyaviṣayāvatāranirdeśa
Buddhāvataṃsakasūtra
Kāśyapaparivartasūtra
Gaganagañjaparipṛcchāsūtra
Ratnacūḍaparipṛcchāsūtra
Mahāparinirvāṇasūtra
Vajracchedikāprajñāpāramitāsūtra
Samyutta Nikāya
Ratnadārikāsūtra
Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra
The titles of the Gyu Lama[edit]
The title Ratnagotravibhāga Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra[1] is attested in the surviving Sanskrit manuscripts. It roughly translates as “The Superior Continuum (uttaratantra) of the Mahāyāna, A Treatise (śāstra) Analyzing (vibhāga) the Source (gotra) of the Three Jewels (ratna).” One surviving Sanskrit reference, Abhayākaragupta’s Munimatālaṃkāra, gives the name as Mahāyānottara: [Treatise] on the Superior Mahāyāna [Doctrine].[2] Western scholars only became aware of Sanskrit versions in the 1930s (see below); prior to this, they knew the text only in Chinese or Tibetan translation, and this was complicated by the fact that both the Chinese and the Tibetan traditions divide the text into two. Where in India the Ratnagotravibhāga was a single work comprised of root verses, explanatory verses, and prose commentary, the Chinese and Tibetan translators and commentators considered the root and explanatory verses to be one text and the complete text, including the prose commentary, to be a second. Thus not only do we have multiple names in multiple languages for the treatise, but multiple names in Chinese and Tibetan for its different parts.... Read the whole essay here
Ratnagotravibhāga Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra
- Read the root text of the Ratnagotravibhāga Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra here
- Root Verses - Comparative multilingual edition of the root verses only
- "The Three Reasons" Verse: Verse I.28
Sanskrit Recensions[edit]
- Maitreya. Ratnagotravibhāgamahāyānottaratantraśāstra (Theg pa chen po'i rgyud bla ma). D4024. Sanskrit edition by E. H. Johnston. Patna, India: The Bihar Research Society, 1950 (includes the Ratnagotravibhāgavyākhyā).
- Asaṅga. Ratnagotravibhāgavyākhyā or Mahāyānottaratantraśāstravyākhyā (Theg pa chen po'i rgyud bla ma'i bstan bcos rnam par bshad pa). D4025. Sanskrit edition by E. H. Johnston. Patna, India: Bihar Research Society, 1950.[3]
- Prasad, H. S., ed. The Uttaratantra of Maitreya. Containing E.H. Johnston's Sanskrit text and E. Obermiller's English translation. Bibliotheca Indo-Buddhica, 79. Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 1991.
Tibetan Recensions[edit]
- Please see the Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra or the Ratnagotravibhāgavyākhyā page for a detailed Tibetan catalog and source listing for this text
Chinese Texts[edit]
- Ratnamati 勒那摩提 (508 A.D.), 究竟一乘寶性論 (Chinese translation of Rgvbh), in T 1611. Attributed author is Sāramati.
Commentaries on Ratnagotravibhāga[edit]
Indian Commentaries[edit]
- Sajjana. Pith Instructions on “The Treatise on the Ultimate Continuum of the Mahāyāna” - Mahāyānottaratantraśāstropadeśa. Sanskrit edition in Kano, Kazuo. "rNgog Blo-ldan Shes-rab’s Summary of the Ratnagotravibhāga: The First Tibetan Commentary on a Crucial Source for the Buddha-Nature Doctrine" 513-18. PhD diss., University of Hamburg, 2006.
- Vairocanarakṣita. A Commentary on the Meaning of the Words of the “Uttaratantra” - Mahāyānottaratantraṭippaṇī (rgyud bla ma’i tshig don rnam par ’grel pa. Sanskrit edition in Kano, Kazuo. "rNgog Blo-ldan Shes-rab’s Summary of the Ratnagotravibhāga: The First Tibetan Commentary on a Crucial Source for the Buddha-Nature Doctrine" 552–75. PhD diss., University of Hamburg. 2006.
Tibetan Commentaries[edit]
Select Tibetan Texts[4][edit]
- 'Gos Lo Gzhon nu dpal, Theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma'i bstan bcos kyi 'grel bshad de kho na nyid rab tu gsal ba'i me long (Lhasa 2006), in 2 volumes.
- 'Gos Lo Gzhon nu dpal, 'Gos Lo tsā ba gZhon nu dpal's Commentary on the Ratnagotravibhāgavyākhyā, Edited text in Tibetan script by Mathes, Klaus-Dieter. Publications of the Nepal Research Centre 24, Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag. 2003. Reviewed by Pascale Hugon in Asiatische Studien, vol. 60, no. 1 (2006), pp. 246-253.
- Rinchen, Gyaltsap Darma . Commentary to the Uttaratantra. Theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma'i ṭīkka. Collected works ga. Vol. 13. Mungod, India: Drepung Loseling Educational Society, 1997.
- Mipham. Words of Mi-pham: Commentary on the Uttaratantra (theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma'i bstan bcos kyi mchan 'grel mi pham zhal lung). Mi-pham's Collected Works, vol. 4 (pa), 349-361.
- Rin chen ye shes. rgyud bla ma'i 'grel pa mdo dang sbyar ba nges pa'i don gyi snang ba zhes pa'o. Jonan Publication Series 31, Pe cin: Mi rigs dpe skrun khang, 2010.
- Rngog Lo tsā ba Blo ldan shes rab and Kano, Kazuo. "rNgog Blo‐ldan‐shes‐rabʹs Summary of the Ratnagotravibhāga: The First Tibetan Commentary on a Crucial Source for the Buddha‐nature Doctrine." Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Hamburg, 2006. Contains a critical edition in Wylie transliteration.
- Rngog Lo tsā ba Blo ldan shes rab (1059-1109), Theg chen rgyud bla ma'i don bsdus pa, Dharamsala: Library of Tibetan Works and Archives, 1993.
- shes rab rgyal mtshan , thogs med bzang po dpal. "theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma'i bstan bcos kyi 'grel ba legs bshad nyi ma'i 'od zer zhes bya ba bzhugs so/." In rgyud bla'i TI ka. TBRC W2DB4614. : 153 - 305. pe cin: mi rigs dpe skrun khang, 2007. TBRC
- Ye shes rdo rje. theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma'i bstan bcos kyi bshad pa nges don nor bu'i mtsod ces bya ba bzhugs so. Jonan Publication Series 31, Pe cin: Mi rigs dpe skrun khang, 2010.
English Translations[edit]
- Brunnhölzl, Karl, ed., trans. When the Clouds Part: The Uttaratantra and its Meditative Tradition as a Bridge between Sūtra and Tantra. Boston: Snow Lion Publications, an imprint of Shambhala Publications, 2014.
- Fuchs, Rosemarie. Buddha Nature: The Mahayana Uttaratantra Shastra. Commentary by Jamgön Kongtrül Lodrö Thayé "The Unassailable Lion's Roar." Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion Publications, 2000.
- Kilty, Gavin. The Tathāgata Essence Commentary to the First Chapter of the Uttaratantra, by Rinchen, Gyaltsap Darma (1364-1432). Unpublished, FPMT.
- Kano, Kazuo. "rNgog Blo‐ldan‐shes‐rabʹs Summary of the Ratnagotravibhāga: The First Tibetan Commentary on a Crucial Source for the Buddha‐nature Doctrine." Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Hamburg, 2006. Contains a critical edition in Wylie transliteration.
- Mathes, Klaus-Dieter. A Direct Path to the Buddha Within: Go Lotsāwa's Mahāmudrā Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhāga. Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2008.
- Mathes, Klaus-Dieter. 'Gos Lo tsā ba gZhon nu dpal's Extensive Commentary on and Study of the Ratna-gotravibhāgavyākhyā. In Religion and Secular Culture in Tibet, 79-96. Proceedings of the Ninth Seminar of the International Association for Tibetan Studies (PIATS), Leiden, 2000. Brill's Tibetan Studies Library vol. 2, bk. 2 . Leiden : Brill, 2002.
- Mipham ('jam mgon 'ju mi pham rgya mtsho). A Commentary on the Uttaratantra Shastra (rgyud bla ma). Translated by Padmakara Translation Group, John Canti, forthcoming.
- Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse Rinpoche. Buddha-Nature, Mahayana Uttaratantra Shastra, by Arya Maitreya. Edited by Alex Trisoglio. Khyentse Foundation, 2007.
- Obermiller, E., tr., Uttaratantra or Ratnagotra-vibhāga: The Sublime Science of the Great Vehicle to Salvation, Being a Manual of Buddhist Monism: The Work of Ārya Maitreya with a Commentary by Āryāsaṅga, Acta Orientalia 9 (1931): 81-306. Re-printed in Prasad, H. S., ed. The Uttaratantra of Maitreya, 1991. (Translated from Tibetan)
- Holmes, Ken and Katia Holmes. Maitreya on Buddha nature : A New Translation of Asaṅga's Mahāyāna Uttara Tantra Śāstra. Forres: Altea, 1999. (Translated from Tibetan)
- Holmes, Ken and Katia Holmes, trans. The Changeless Nature. Newcastle: Karma Kagyu Trust, 1985. (Translated from Tibetan)
- Prasad, H. S., ed. The Uttaratantra of Maitreya. Containing E.H. Johnston's Sanskrit text and E. Obermiller's English translation. Bibliotheca Indo-Buddhica, 79. Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 1991. (Translated from Tibetan)
- Takasaki, Jikido. A study on the Ratnagotravibhāga (Uttaratantra), being a treatise on the Tathāgatagarbha theory of Mahayana Buddhism. Serie Orientale Roma 33. Roma: Istituto Italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente (ISMEO), 1966. (Translated from Sanskrit)
- Thrangu Rinpoche. The Uttara Tantra: A Treatise on Buddha Nature, translated by Ken Holmes and Katia Holmes, edited by Clark Johnson, Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 2001.
French Translations[edit]
- Loyon, Etienne, trans. Traité de la Continuité ultime du Grand Véhicule de Maitreya, avec le commentaire de Jamgœun Kongtrul Rimpoché, L'Inéluctable Rugissement du lion. With Commentary by Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso Rinpoche. 2007. Online Source: [1]
German Translations[edit]
- Buddha-Natur Mahayana-Uttaratantra-Shastra = Theg pa chen po rgyud bla maʼi bstan bcos kyi ʼgrel bśad. With Commentary by Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse Rinpoche. Berlin Manjughosha Editions, 2017.
- Fuchs, Rosemarie, Tenzin Dordje. Ill., R. D. Salga, trans. Buddha-Natur : das Mahayana-Uttaratantra-Shastra Mit Kommentar "Das unerschütterliche Gebrüll des Löwen" / von Jamgön Kongtrül Lodrö Thaye und Erl. von Khenpo Tsültrim Gyamtso Rinpoche. Freiburg [Breisgau]; Eckernförde: Khampa-Ed., 2014.
- According to the Sanskrit grammatical rules associated with sandhi, the word boundaries of the “a” of Mahāyāna and the “u” of Uttaratantra combine as “o.” The title could just as easily be rendered “Mahāyāna Uttaratantra Śāstra.”
- Kano, Buddha-Nature and Emptiness, 27, note #41.
- Besides this text, the only other two known Indian “commentaries” on the Uttaratantra are Vairocanarakṣita’s (eleventh century) very brief ahāyānottaratantraṭippaṇī (eight folios) and Sajjana’s (eleventh/twelfth century) Mahāyānottaratantraśāstropadeśa (a summary in thirty-seven verses). Brunnholzl, K. Luminous Heart pg 403 note 24
- For an extensive list of Tibetan Commentaries, see A List of the Commentaries on the Ratnagotravibhāga
Head over to the Library to browse Sutras and Commentaries.