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Books/Steps on the Path to Enlightenment, Vol. 4 +

* Foreword by His Holiness the Dalai Lamavii * Editor's Acknowledgmentsxi * Technical Notesxiii * Introduction1 * 1 Śamatha and Vipaśyanā9 * 2 Preparing for Śamatha Meditation39 * 3 Focusing Your Mind83 * 4 Dealing with Laxity and Excitement95 * 5 Attaining Śamatha123 * 6 Śamatha as Part of the Path151 * Appendix: Outline of the Text171 * Glossary175 * Notes183 * Bibliography187 * Index193 +

Books/Sthiramati's Interpretation of Buddhology and Soteriology +

*'''PART I. STHIRAMATI'S INTERPRETATION OF YOGĀCĀRA ONTOLOGY AND SOTERIOLOGY''' * INTRODUCTION1 *CHAPTER I: STHIRAMATI'S AND HIS WORKS * 1. Sthiramati’s Life and Times13 * 2. Sthiramati’s Works23 ** The Kāśyapaparivartaṭīkā25 ** The Dasheng zhongguan shilun33 ** The Abhidharmasamuccayavyākhyā39 ** The Pañcaskandhaprakaraṇavibhāṣa43 ** The Abhidharmakośabhāṣyaṭīkā Tattvārthanāma45 ** The Triṃśikāvijñaptibhāṣya47 ** The Madhyāntavibhāgaṭīkā53 ** The Sūtrālaṃkāravṛttibhāṣya56 *CHAPTER II: STHIRAMATI'S AND THE YOGĀCĀRA ONTOLOGY * Introduction84 * 1. Fundamental Categories in Yogācāra Ontology92 * 2. An Analysis of the Three Identities104 * 3. The Relationship among the Three Identities120 * 4. The Three Identities and Representation-Only128 * 5. The Three Kinds of Identitylessness147 * 6. Basis-Transformation159 * Conclusion169 *CHAPTER III: STHIRAMATI'S INTEPRETATION OF BUDDHOLOGY AND SOTERIOLOGY * 1. Concept, Source Material, and Method Recapitulated204 * 2. Buddhahood and the Structure of Reality207 * 3. The Implicit Hermeneutics of the Structure of Yogācāra Buddhology218 * 4. An Analysis of the Categories of Buddhahood233 * 5. The Four Liberative Wisdoms241 * 6. The Three Buddha-Bodies252 * 7. Buddha is neither Singular nor Plural267 * 8. The Nature of Buddha's Salvific Activities272 * 9. Conclusion278 *CONCLUSION: YOGĀCĀRA BUDDHOLOGY IN A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE * 1. Yogācāra Philosophy in its own Terms317 * 2. Conceptual Structure of Yogācāra Buddhology320 * 3. A Comparison of Christian Ideas of God and Yogācāra Ideas of Buddha324 * 4. The Study of Yogācāra Buddhology and Methodological Implications for Buddhist Studies and Comparative Religion327 *'''PART II: AN ANNOTATED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER IX (ON ENLIGHTENMENT) OF THE SUTRĀLAṂKĀRAVṚTTIBHĀṢYA''' * INTRODUCTION TO THE TRANSLATION338 * Introduction340 * 1. On Omniscience342 * 2. On the Nonduality of Buddhahood347 * 3. On Buddhahood as the Supreme Refuge353 * 4. On Basis-transformation364 * 5. On the Activities of Buddha as Effortless and Uninterrupted375 * 6. On the Profundity of the Pure Realm379 * 7. On the Divisions of Mastery396 * 8. On Buddhahood as the Cause of Bringing Sentient Beings to Maturity411 * 9. On the Realm of Ultimate Reality424 * 10. On the Divisions of Buddha-Body432 * 11. On the Divisions of Buddha-Wisdom440 * 12. That Buddha is neither Singular nor Plural453 * 13. On the Skillful Means to Buddhahood456 * 14. On the Unity of the Mutual Activity of the Buddhas459 * 15. On the Exertion for Buddhahood463 * 16. Summary465 * APPENDIX522 * BIBLIOGRAPHY523

Books/Studies in Ch’an and Hua-yen +

* Forewardvii * Prefaceix * Early Ch'an Schools in Tibet1 Jeffrey Broughton * The Direct and Gradual Approaches of Zen Master Mahāyāna: Fragments of the Teachings of Mo-ho-yen69 Luis O. Gomez * The Ox-head School of Chinese Ch'an Buddhism: From Early Ch'an to the Golden Age169 John R. McRae * The Teaching of Men and Gods: The Doctrinal and Social Basis of Lay Buddhist Practice in the Hua-yen Tradition253 Peter N. Gregory * Li T'ung-hsüan and the Practical Dimension of Hua-yen321 Robert M. Gimello * Contributors391 +

Books/Studies in Indian and Tibetan Madhyamaka Thought Part 1 +

* '''PART 1''' * LIST OF MAIN SANSKRIT AND TIBETAN SOURCES WITH SIGLA OF ABBREVIATED TITLES xi * SECTION I * AN OUTLINE OF THE EARLIER HISTORY OF THE TIBETAN MADHYAMAKA (DBU MA) FROM ITS ORIGINS IN THE EIGHTH CENTURY TO THE BEGINNING OF ITS 'CLASSICAL PERIOD' IN THE EARLY FIFTEENTH CENTURY 1 ** 1. PERIODIZATION IN THE HISTORY OF MADHYAMAKA THOUGHT IN TIBET 1 ** 2. THE TRANSMISSION TO TIBET OF THE MAIN INDIAN SOURCES OF THE MADHYAMAKA 9 ** 3. EARLY TIBETAN DOXOGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS OF THE MADHYAMAKA 23 ** 4. THE INDIGENOUS TIBETAN SOURCES OF THE MADHYAMAKA BEGINNING IN THE ELEVENTH CENTURY 26 *** 4.1. THE ANTECEDENTS OF THE TIBETAN RAN RGYUD PA ('SVĀTANTRIKA') TRADITION IN THE EARLIER ''phyi dar'' PERIOD 27 *** 4.2. THE ANTECEDENTS OF THE TIBETAN THAL 'GYUR BA ('PRĀSANGIKA') TRADITION IN THE EARLIER ''phyi'' dar PERIOD 41 *** 4.3. DOXOGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS OF THE MADHYAMAKA IN THE EARLIER ''phyi dar'' PERIOD AND THEIR TIBETAN REPRESENTATIVES 55 ** 5. THE ''Ratnagotravibhāga-Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra'', THE ''gŽan stoṅ'' AND THE 'THEORY OF THE HVA ŠAṄ' IN RELATION TO MADHYAMAKA SCHOOL TRADITIONS 72 ** 6. TSOṄ KHA PA'S ARRIVAL AT HIS MADHYAMAKA THEORY 88 * SECTION II * THESES, PHILOSOPHICAL POSITIONS AND CONTENTION IN MADHYAMAKA THOUGHT 105 ** 1. THE PROBLEM 105 ** 2. THE THESIS AND ASSERTION WITH NĀGĀRJUNA, ĀRYA-DEVA AND CANDRAKĪRTI 115 ** 3. ''Dṛṣṭi'' AND ''darśana'' AND THE EXPRESSION ''avācaka'' 133 ** 4. THE PROCEDURE OF APAGOGIC AND MAIEUTICAL ''prasaṅgāpādana'' AND THE QUESTION OF ''vitaṇḍā'' 136 ** 5. ASSERTION, DISCURSIVITY, FREEDOM FROM EXTREME POSITIONS AND THE 'TETRALEMMA' (''catuṣkoṭi'') 139 ** 6. NON-CONTENTIOUSNESS, PHILOSOPHICAL EIRENICISM AND THEIR ETHICAL AND SOTERIOLOGICAL DIMENSIONS 148 ** 7. THE ''avyākṛtavastus'' AND THE ĀRYAN SILENCE 152 ** 8. ''Pakṣa, abhyupagama'' AND ''prasaṅga'' IN THE MADHYAMAKA ACCORDING TO JAYĀNANDA 156 ** 9. THE THESIS ACCORDING TO PA TSHAB ÑI MA GRAGS 159 ** 10. THE THESIS ACCORDING TO KHu MDO SDE 'BAR 161 ** 11. THE THESIS ACCORDING TO RMA BY A BYAṄ CHUB YE ŠES AND RMA BYA BYAṄ CHUB BRTSON 'GRUS 163 ** 12. THE THESIS ACCORDING TO SA SKY A PAṆḌI TA 169 ** 13. THE THESIS ACCORDING TO DBUS PA BLO GSAL 172 ** 14. THESIS, ASSERTION AND PHILOSOPHICAL POSITION ACCORDING TO MKHAS GRUB RJE 173 ** 15. THE QUESTION OF THE THESIS IN TSOṄ KHA PA's ''Lam rim chen mo'' AND IN 'JAM DBYAṄS BŽAD PA'S COMMENTS 187 ** 16. THE APPLICATION OF POSITIVE DETERMINATION (''pariccheda'') AND NEGATIVE DETERMINATION (''vyavaccheda'') IN TSOṄ KHA PA'S ''Draṅ ṅes legs Mad sñiṅ po'' 195 ** 17. NOTES ON SOME LATER TIBETAN SCHOLARS' VIEWS ON THE THESIS, ASSERTION AND DISCURSIVITY 199 ** 18. SOME THEORETICAL ISSUES IN PHILOSOPHICAL AND HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE 207 ** 19. SOME LOGICAL, EPISTEMOLOGICAL AND SEMIOTIC ISSUES IN A MODERN PERSPECTIVE 219 ** 20. CONCLUSION 228 * SECTION III * ON EPISTEMOLOGICAL-LOGICAL (''pramāṇa'') THEORY AND THE ONTIC IN TSOṄ KHA PA'S MADHY AMAKA PHILOSOPHY 233 ** 1. INTRODUCTION 233 ** 2. SOME FUNDAMENTAL LOGICAL AND EPISTEMOLOGICAL ISSUES IN MADHYAMAKA: ''prayoga(vākya)'' VS. ''prasaṅga'' AND THE PROBLEM OF ''pramāṇa'' IN RELATION TO ''prameya'' 240 ** 3. THE STATUS OF THE THESIS (''pratijñā'') IN THE MADHYAMAKA244 ** 4. INFERENCE (''rjes su dpag pa'' equals ''anumāna'') IN TSOṄ KHA PA'S MADHYAMAKA THOUGHT247 ** 5. ''Svatantra-anumāna'' AS PROBATIVE INFERENCE, ''prasaṅgāpādana'' AS APAGOGIC REASONING, AND THE PROBLEM OF MUTUAL AGREEMENT (''ubhaya[pra]siddhatva'') 250 ** 6. ''Prasaṅgavākya, prakṛtārthaviparyaya, prasaṅgaviparītārthāpatti'' AND THE USE OF ''prasajya-pratiṣedha'' IN THE ''prasaṅga''-STATEMENT OF NON-ORIGINATION IN THE MADHYAMAKA 252 ** 7. TSOṄ KHA PA ON ''bzlog don'' AND ''thal bzlog'': ''prasaṅga''-REVERSAL (''prasaṅgaviparīta'') AND ''prasaṅga''-CONTRAPOSITION (''prasaṅgaviparyaya'') 257 ** 8. ''Prasaṅgāpādana (thal ba (b]sgmb pa ~ thal ba 'phen pa)'' AS A SPECIAL FORM OF INFERENCE ACCORDING TO TSOṄ KHA PA 266 ** 9. ON REFUTATION (''dūṣaṇa'') AND PROOF (''sādhana'') WITH CANDRAKĪRTI AND TSOṄ KHA PA 269 ** 10. ''Pramāṇa''-THEORY, ERROR AND ASCERTAINMENT IN TSOṄ KHA PA's MADHYAMAKA THOUGHT 272 ** 11. THE LOGICAL-EPISTEMOLOGICAL AND ONTIC STATUS OF THE PRĀSAṄGIKA's ''paraprasiddha''-ARGUMENT ACCORDING TO TSOṄ KHA PA 282 ** 12. THE ''paraprasiddha-anumāna'' AND THE ''prasaṅgāpādana'' AS ''pramāṇa'' AND AS MAIEUTICS 286 ** 13. THE PROCEDURES OF vyavaccheda AND pariccheda IN MADHYAMAKA THOUGHT 287 ** 14. THE USE OF THE ''bādhakapramāṇa'' AND CONTRAPOSITION IN ATTAINING THE MADHYAMAKA THEORY OF NON- SUBSTANTIALITY (''niḥsvabhāvatā'') 288 ** 15. CONCLUSION 296 * INDICES * INDEX OF MAIN INDIAN AND TIBETAN PERSONAL NAMES 305 * INDEX OF SELECTED PLACE NAMES 310 * INDEX OF SELECTED INDIAN TEXTS 310 * INDEX OF SELECTED TIBETAN TEXTS 311 * INDEX OF MAIN SANSKRIT KEY-TERMS 312 * INDEX OF MAIN TIBETAN KEY-TERMS 318

Books/Studies in the Lankavatara Sutra (1930) +

* BODHIDHARMA by 牧谿 (Mu-ch'i)Frontispiece * Prefacev * Abstracts of Studiesxi <center>I</center> * AN INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF THE LANKAVATARA SUTRA3 <center>II</center> * THE LANKAVATARA SUTRA AND THE TEACHING OF ZEN BUDDHISM89 ** I. General Survey of the Principal Ideas Expounded in the Sutra90 ** II. (A) The Intellectual Contents of the Buddhist Experience153 ** (B) The Psychology of the Buddhist Experience169 ** III. Life and Works of the Bodhisattva202 <center>III</center> * SOME OF THE IMPORTANT THEORIES EXPOUNDED IN THE LANKAVATARA SUTRA239 ** (I} The Doctrine of Mind-Only241 ** (II} The Conception of No-Birth283 ** (III) The Triple Body of the Buddha308 ** (IV) The Tathagata339 ** (V) Other Minor Subjects357 * A SANSKRIT-CHINESE-ENGLISH GLOSSARY373 * INDEX459 +

Books/Study of the Tathāgatagarbha as True Self and the True Selves of the Brahmanic, Sāṅkhya and Jaina Traditions +

* Contents i-vi * Abbreviations vii-ix * Introduction 1 ** Methodology 9 ** Sources 20 ** Formulation of the Tathāgatagarbha Doctrine and composition of the Ratnagotravibhāga and its Commentary 28 ** Significance of this study 35 * Part 1 ** Chapter 1. Salient Features of the Tathāgatagarbha Doctrine41 ** 1.1. Meaning of the compound ʻtathāgatagarbhaʼ 41 ** 1.2. Nature of the tathāgatagarbha 46 ** 1.3. tathāgatagarbha as ontic element 51 ** 1.4. ʻtathatāʼ a synonym of ʻtathāgatagarbhaʼ 65 ** 1.5. tathāgatagarbha as consciousness 68 ** 1.6. gotra as Three Jewels 72 ** 1.7. Impediments to the perception of the Tathāgataʼs Essence 74 ** 1.8. dharmakāya of the Tathāgata 87 ** 1.9. Recapitulation 99 ** 1.10. Conclusion 103 * Chapter 2. Self and Not-Self in the Śrāvakayāna 107 ** 2.1. (i) Not-self in the Pāli-suttas 108 *** 2.1. (ii) Rejection of all theories of self 111 *** 2.1. (iii) Buddhaʼs silence on ontological questions 115 *** 2.1. (iv) parinibbāna of the 22 *** 2.1. (v) Recapitulation 125 ** 2.2. (i) Inderminate self of the Pudgalavāda 127 *** 2.2. (ii) Three designations of the pudgala 130 *** 2.2. (iii) Nature of the conditional pudgala 134 *** 2.2. (iv) Real or conceptual pudgala 140 *** 2.2. (v) pudgala and parinirvāṇa 145 *** 2.2. (vi) Recapitulation 149 ** 2.3. Comparison of the pudgala and the tathāgatagarbha 150 ** 2.4. Conclusion 155 * Chapter 3. Self in the Mahāyāna 160 ** 3.1 a. (i) Emptiness of everything 161 *** 3.1a. (ii) Uncreated nature of empty things 166 *** 3.1a. (iii) Synonyms of emptiness 168 *** 3.1a. (v) Recapitulation 170 ** 3.1b. (i) Madhyamaka interpretation of emptiness 170 ** 3.1b. (ii) Meaning of emptiness 173 ** 3.1b. (iii) Indeterminate nature of empty things 175 ** 3.1b. (iv) Emptiness is not nihilism 179 ** 3.1b. (v) Recapitulation 181 ** 3.2a. (i) tathatā according to the Mahāyāna-sūtras 182 ** 3.2a. (ii) tathatā and the designation ʻTathāgataʼ 188 ** 3.2a. (iii) Recapitulation 189 ** 3.2b. (i) Madhyamaka interpretation of tathatā 190 ** 3.3a. (ii) nirvāṇa according to the Mahāyāna-sūtras 192 ** 3.3a. (iii) Inexpressible nirvāṇa 196 ** 3.3a. (v) dharmakāya of the Tathāgata 198 ** 3.3a. (vi) Recapitulation 201 ** 3.3b. (i) nirvāṇa as Absolute in the Madhyamaka discourse 203 ** 3.3b. (ii) nirvāṇa as knowledge of existence 208 ** 3.3b. (ii) parinirvāṇa of the Tathāgata 210 ** 3.3b. (iii) Recapitulation 212 ** 3.4. Conclusion 214 *Part 2 * Chapter 4. tathāgatagarbha as true self and comparison of its nature with the true selves of the Brahmanic, Sāṅkhya and Jaina Traditions222 ** 4.1a. tathāgatagarbha as inherent, complete Buddhahood223 ** 4.1b. Obscuration and inalterability of the tathāgatagarbha229 ** 4.1c. tathāgatagarbha is tathatā 232 ** 4.1d. tathāgatagarbha as innately luminous consciousness 236 ** 4.1e. Is the tathāgatagarbha the true self? 242 ** 4.1f. Is the Tathāgatagarbha Doctrine a provisional teaching? 267 ** 4.1g. Recapitulation 274 ** 4.2a. Nature of the Brahmanic true self 278 ** 4.2b. Embodiment and obscuration of the true self 286 ** 4.2c. Two co-existing aspects of the self 297 ** 4.2d. Recapitulation 299 ** 4.3a. Nature of the Sāṅkhya true self 301 ** 4.3b. Embodiment of the self 306 ** 4.3c. Ignorance, bondage and transmigration 312 ** 4.3d. Recapitulation 315 ** 4.4a. Jaina ontological conceptions 317 ** 4.4b. Nature of the Jaina true self 324 ** 4.4c. Karmic bondage and obscuration of the intrinsic nature of the self 334 ** 4.4d. Recapitulation 344 ** 4.5. Conclusion 346 * Chapter 5. Cosmic Self in the Tathāgatagarbha, Brahmanic, Early Sāṅkhya and Jaina Traditions 361 ** 5.1a. One Essence of all sentient beings and dharmas 361 ** 5.1b. Scholarly debate on the nature of the dharmadhātu 368 ** 5.1c. Tathāgata as Supreme Self 374 ** 5.1d. Tathāgata as īśvara 378 ** 5.1e. Recapitulation 381 ** 5.2a. Cosmic Self in the Brahmanic Tradition 385 ** 5.2b. Indwelling-controller and His relations with individual beings 392 ** 5.2c. Non-duality and non-conceptuality of Brahman 396 ** 5.2d. Brahman as īśvara 398 ** 5.2e. Recapitulation 400 ** 5.3a. Cosmic Self in the Early Sāṅkhya discourses 401 ** 5.3b. Scholarly debate on Brahman in the Early Sāṅkhya discourses 409 ** 5.3c. Recapitulation 414 ** 5.4. Conclusion 416 * Chapter 6. Concept of Liberation in the Tathāgatagarbha, Brahmanic, Sāṅkhya and Jaina Traditions 421 ** 6.1a. Knowledge as means to liberation in the Tathāgatagarbha Doctrine 422 ** 6.1b. Manifestation of compassion and mode of existence of the Tathāgata 429 ** 6.1c. Transformation of consciousness 436 ** 6.1d. Manifestation of basis and transformation of basis 443 ** 6.1e. Recapitulation 448 ** 6.2a. Knowledge as means to liberation in the Brahmanic Tradition 453 ** 6.2b. Liberation through Divine Grace 460 ** 6.2c. Transformation of consciousnes 464 ** 6.2d. Recapitulation 471 ** 6.3a Knowledge as means to liberation in the Sāṅkhya tradition 474 ** 6.3b. Transformation of consciousness 479 ** 6.3c. Recapitulation 485 ** 6.4a. Knowledge and rigorous austerities as means to liberation in Jainism 487 ** 6.4b. Omniscience of Mahāvīra 498 ** 6.4c. Transformation of consciousness 503 ** 6.4d. Recapitulation 506 ** 6.5. Conclusion 509 * Chapter 7. Conclusion 520 ** Tathāgatagarbha Doctrine and the Śrāvakayāna teachings 524 ** tathāgatagarbha and the pudgala 530 ** Tathāgatagarbha Doctrine and Early Mahāyāna teachings 537 ** Conceptual correspondences and differences in the nature of the tathāgatagarbha and the natures of true self in the Brahmanic, Sāṅkhya and Jaina traditions 567 ** Conceptual correspondences and differences in the nature of the Cosmic Self in the Tathāgatagarbha, Brahmanic, Sāṅkhya and Jaina traditions 575 ** Correspondences and differences in the concept of liberation in the Tathāgatagarbha Brahmanic, Sāṅkhya and Jaina traditions 580 * Bibliography 592

Books/Sudden and Gradual +

* Forewordv * Acknowledgmentsix * Abbreviationsxi * Introduction1 ** ''Peter N. Gregory'' ******'''I . The Sudden and Gradual Debates''' * The Mirror of the Mind13 ** ''Paul Demiéville'' * Sudden Illumination or Simultaneous Comprehension: Remarks on Chinese and Tibetan Terminology41 ** ''R. A. Stein'' * Purifying Gold: The Metaphor of Effort and Intuition in Buddhist Thought and Practice67 ** ''Luis O. Gomez'' ****'''II. Sudden and Gradual Enlightenment in Chinese Buddhism''' * Tao-sheng’s Theory of Sudden Enlightenment Re-examined169 ** ''Whalen Lai'' * Sudden and Gradual Intimately Conjoined: Chih-i’s T’ien-t’ai View201 ** ''Neal Donner'' * Shen-hui and the Teaching o f Sudden Enlightenment in Early Ch’an Buddhism227 ** ''John R. McRae'' * Sudden Enlightenment Followed by Gradual Cultivation: Tsung-mi’s Analysis of Mind279 ** ''Peter N . Gregory'' * The "Short-cut" Approach o f ''K'an-hua'' Meditation: The Evolution of a Practical Subitism in Chinese Ch'an Buddhism321 ** ''Robert E . Buswell, Jr.'' ******'''III. Analogies in the Cultural Sphere * The Sudden and the Gradual in Chinese Poetry Criticism: An Examination of the Ch’an-Poetry Analogy381 ** ''Richard John Lynn'' * Tung Ch’i-ch'ang's "Southern and Northern Schools" in the History and Theory of Painting: A Reconsideration429 ** ''James Cahill'' * Afterword by Tu Wei-ming447 * Contributors457 * Index461 +

Books/Sun-Face Buddha +

* Prefacexiii * ''PART ONE'': INTRODUCTION1 ** Formation of the Ch'an School6 ** The Life and Teaching of Ma-tsu14 ** The Monastic Tradition29 ** Tsung-mi's Evaluation of the Hung-chou School37 ** A Note on the Translations42 * ''PART TWO'': THE RECORD OF MA-TSU57 ** Biography59 ** Sermons62 ** Dialogues69 * ''PART THREE'': MA-TSU'S DISCIPLES95 ** Hsi-t'ang Chih-tsang97 ** Pai-chang Huai-hai100 ** Nan-ch'üan P'u-yüan107 ** Ta-chu Hui-hai113 ** Shih-kung Hui-tsang117 ** Ma-ku Pao-ch'e119 ** Ta-mei Fa-ch'ang121 ** Fen-chou Wu-yeh125 ** Wu-tai Yin-feng134 ** Hung-chou Shui-lao137 ** Layman P'ang-yün138 ** Kuei-tsung Chih-ch'ang140 * Appendix: Sources for the Translations145 * Glossary147 * Bibliography151 +

T

Books/Tao-sheng's Commentary on the Lotus Sūtra +

* ''Preface''''vii'' * ''Prolegomena''''xi'' * '''Part I: Introduction''''''1''' * Chapter 1. Tao-sheng's Prehistory: The State of Buddhist Studies in China3 * Chapter 2. Tao-sheng's Biography13 * Chapter 3. Tao-sheng's Works23 * Chapter 4. Tao-sheng's Doctrines29 * Chapter 5. Tao-sheng's Influence and the Impact of His Doctrines57 * '''Part II: A Critical Study of Tao-sheng's Commentary on the ''Lotus Sūtra'' ''''''75''' * Chapter 6. Tao-sheng and the ''Saddharmapuṇḍarīka''77 * Chapter 7. Literary Aspects81 * Chapter 8. Central Ideas121 * Chapter 9. Traces of Tao-sheng's Doctrines137 * Chapter 10. Conclusions145 * '''Part III: Translation''''''151''' * Preface153 * Roll the First (Chapters 1-4)161 * Roll the Second (Chapters 5-27)241 * ''Abbreviations''''339'' * ''Glossary of Chinese Characters''''341 * ''Bibliography''''351'' * ''Index''''365'' +

Books/Tao-sheng's Commentary on the Saddharmapuṇḍarīka-Sūtra: A Study and Translation +

* ABSTRACTiii * ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSvi * PART I: AIMS AND METHOD1 * NOTES TO PART I16 * PART II: INTRODUCTION20 ** A. Tao-sheng's Pre-history: the State of Buddhist Studies in China20 ** B. Tao-sheng's Biography36 *** 1. Biographical Sources36 *** 2. Tao-sheng's Life38 **** a. Early Years in Chien-k'ang under Chu Fa-t'ai38 **** b. The First Sojourn at Lu-shan with Hui-yüan40 **** c. Study with Kumārajīva in Ch'ang-an43 **** d. Return to Lu-shan45 **** e. The Second Sojourn at Chien-k'ang46 **** f. The Third Sojourn at Lu-shan and Death47 **** g. Evaluation of Tao-sheng's Life48 ** C. Tao-sheng's Works53 ** D. Tao-sheng's Doctrines60 *** 1. Sudden Enlightenment61 *** 2. The Buddha-nature and Related Ideas74 *** 3. Miscellaneous84 **** a. The Good Deed Entails No Retribution85 **** b. There is No Pure Land in [the Realm of] the Buddha89 **** c. The Dharmakāya is Formless94 **** d. On the Two Truths101 ** E. Tao-sheng's Influence and the Impact of his Doctrines106 *** 1. The Doctrine of Sudden Enlightenment107 **** a. The Contemporary and Following Period107 **** b. Tao-sheng's Doctrine and the Ch'an School111 **** c. Tao-sheng's Doctrine and the Hua-yen School121 *** 2. The Doctrine of Buddha-nature125 *** 3. Tao-sheng and Other Schools129 **** a. Tao-sheng and the T'ien-t'ai School129 **** b. Tao-sheng and the San-lun School133 ** NOTES TO PART II137 * PART III: A CRITICAL STUDY OF TAO-SHENG'S COMMENTARY ON THE SADDHARMAPUṆḌARĪKA156 ** A. Tao-sheng and the Saddharmapuṇḍarīka156 ** B. Literary Aspects163 *** 1. Structure163 **** a. General163 **** b. Preface164 **** c. Interpretation of Chapters 1–27165 *** 2. Style and Exegetical Method167 **** a. Style167 **** b. Exegetical Method169 *** 3. Vocabulary: The Language of the Text with Special Reference to Neo-Taoism171 **** a. Introduction171 **** b. Analysis of the Concepts174 ***** (1) Li174 ***** (2) Fen180 ***** (3) The Role of Language183 ***** (4) The "Sage" and Related Terms188 ***** (5) The Emotional Factor207 ***** (6) Lei212 ***** (7) One Ultimate214 ***** (8) Middle Way (Chung-tao)218 ***** (9) Tao222 **** c. Concluding Remarks224 ** C. Central Ideas228 *** 1. Main Themes228 *** 2. An Overview of the Internal Stucture of the Commentary via the Term Li235 **** a. Introduction235 **** b. Syntactical and Contextual Position237 **** c. Predicates, Properties, and Epistemic Implications239 **** d. Li Viewed in Connection with Other Concepts242 **** e. Li and the Process of Enlightenment256 **** f. Concluding Remarks264 ** D. Traces of Tao-sheng's Doctrines268 *** 1. Sudden Enlightenment269 *** 2. Buddha-nature274 *** 3. Miscellaneous275 ** E. Select Chapters for a Comprehensive Textual Analysis283 *** 1. Chapter 3284 *** 2. Chapter 15301 *** 3. Chapter 24308 *** 4. Summary and Conclusion311 ** NOTES TO PART III317 * PART IV: CONCLUSION339 ** NOTES TO PART IV346 * PART V: TRANSLATION348 ** Preface348 ** Roll the First (Chapts. 1–4)352 ** Roll the Second (Chapts. 5–27)453 ** NOTES TO TRANSLATION535 * ABBREVIATIONS580 * BIBLIOGRAPHY581

Books/Text as Father +

** Acknowledgmentsxi ** Introduction1 * 1. Text as Father25 * 2. Who's Your Daddy Now? Reissued Paternity in the ''Lotus Sūtra''48 * 3. The Domino Effect: Everyone and His Brother Convert to the ''Lotus Sūtra''99 * 4. "Be All You Can’t Be" and Other Gainful Losses in the ''Diamond Sūtra''160 * 5. Sameness with a Difference in the ''Tathāgatagarbha Sūtra''197 * 6. Vimalakīrti, or Why Bad Boys Finish First236 ** Conclusion: A Cavalier Attitude ** Toward Truth-Fathers327 ** Bibliography347 ** Index351 +

Books/The Active Self: A Philosophical Study of the "Buddha Nature Treatise" and Other Chinese Buddhist Texts +

* Acknowledgmentsvii * List of Abbreviationsix *Chapter * 1. Introduction1 * Part One: The Texts14 * 2. The ''Buddha Nature Treatise''24 ** A. Introduction and Refutation of Other Views30 *** 1. Introduction30 *** 2. Refutation of Other Views31 **** a. Refuting Hinayana Views: Buddha Nature Neither Exists Nor Does Not Exist32 **** b. Refuting Non-Buddhist Philosophies: Buddha Nature is Not an Own-Nature42 **** c. Clarification of Mahayana Views: The True Meaning of the Two Truths Doctrine48 *** 3. Evaluation56 ** B. The Essence of Buddha Nature: ''Bodhicitta'', True Nature and ''Tathagatagarbha''59 *** 1. Introduction59 *** 2. Analysis60 **** a. The Three Causes60 **** b. The Three Natures61 **** c. ''Tathagatagarbha''68 *** 3. Evaluation77 ** C. Characteristics of Buddha Nature, I: Action and Non-Substantiality82 *** 1. Introduction82 *** 2. Analysis84 **** a. Transformation of the Basis84 **** b. ''Dharmakaya'' and ''Nirvana''98 **** c. The Non-Substantiality of Self and Mind108 *** 3. Evaluation120 ** D. Characteristics of Buddha Nature, II: Soteriology122 *** 1. Introduction122 *** 2. Analysis122 **** a. The Man-Buddha Relationship122 **** b. The Middle Path127 **** c. The ''Trikāya''144 *** 3. Evaluation161 ** E. Conclusion166 * 3. Two Other Texts172 ** A. The ''No Increase, No Decrease Sūtra''172 *** 1. Introduction172 *** 2. Analytic Summary175 *** 3. Evaluation181 ** B. The ''Supreme Basis Sūtra''189 *** 1. Introduction189 *** 2. Analysis192 *** 3. Concluding Evaluation212 * Part Two: The Philosophy215 * 4. Ontology219 ** A. Introduction219 ** B. Contra Monism222 ** C. Nondualism—Other Aspects250 ** D. Conclusion258 * 5. Action261 ** A. Introduction261 ** B. Action262 *** 1. The ''Supreme Basis Sūtra''262 *** 2. The ''Buddha Nature Treatise''264 ** C. Non-Substantiality270 *** 1. Own-Nature270 *** 2. Mind274 *** 3. Consciousness -Only277 ** D. Conclusion279 * 6. Practice280 ** A. Introduction280 ** B. Analysis281 *** 1. The ''Buddha Nature Treatise''281 *** 2. The ''Supreme Basis Sūtra''289 ** C. Conclusion290 * Part Three: The Influence293 * 7. The Influence of Buddha Nature Thought on Chinese Buddhism294 ** A. Introduction294 ** B. Ch'an299 ** C. Pure Land303 ** D. The Positive Valuation of Phenomenal Reality305 ** E. Conclusion317 * 8. Conclusion: The Significance of Buddha Nature Thought319 * Appendix: Buddha Nature Thought and Mysticism331 * Glossary349 * Bibliography357

Books/The Awakening of Faith (1967) +

** Foreword, by ''Wm. Theodore de Bary''v ** Prefacevii ** Introduction1 * ''The Awakening of Faith''21 ** Invocation23 ** The Contents of the Discourse24 * Part 1 The Reasons for Writing25 * Part 2 Outline28 * Part 3 Interpretation31 ** Chapter One: Revelation of True Meaning31 *** I. One Mind and Its Two Aspects31 **** A. The Mind in Terms of the Absolute32 ***** 1. Truly Empty34 ***** 2. Truly Nonempty35 **** B. The Mind in Terms of Phenomena36 ***** 1. The Storehouse Consciousness36 ****** a. The Aspect of Enlightenment37 ******* (1) Original Enlightenment37 ******* (2) The Process of Actualization of Enlightenment38 ******** (a) Purity of Wisdom41 ******** (b) Suprarational Functions41 ******* (3) The Characteristics of the Essence of Enlightenment42 ****** b. The Aspect of Nonenlightenment43 ****** c. The Relationships Between Enlightenment and Nonenlightenment45 ******* (1) Identity45 ******* (2) Nonidentity46 ***** 2. The Cause and Conditions of Man’s Being in Samsara46 ****** a. Mind47 ****** b. Consciousness49 ****** c. Defiled States of Mind51 ****** d. Comments on the Terms Used in the Foregoing Discussion52 ***** 3. The Characteristics of Beings in Samsara54 ****** a. Permeation of Ignorance56 ****** b. Permeation of Suchness58 ******* (1) Permeation Through Manifestation of the Essence of Suchness59 ******* (2) Permeation Through Influences61 ******** (a) The Specific Coordinating Causes61 ******** (b) The General Coordinating Causes63 *** II. The Essence Itself and the Attributes of Suchness, or The Meanings of Mahā64 **** A. The Greatness of the Essence of Suchness64 **** B. The Greatness of the Attributes of Suchness65 **** C. The Greatness of the Influences of Suchness67 *** III. From Samsara to Nirvana72 ** Chapter Two: The Correction of Evil Attachments73 *** I. The Biased Views Held by Ordinary Men74 *** II. The Biased Views Held by the Hinayanists78 ** Chapter Three: Analysis of the Types of Aspiration for Enlightenment, or The Meanings of Yāna80 *** I. The Aspiration for Enlightenment Through the Perfection of Faith80 *** II. The Aspiration for Enlightenment Through Understanding and Deeds86 *** III. The Aspiration for Enlightenment Through Insight87 * Part 4 On Faith and Practice92 ** On Four Faiths92 ** On Five Practices93 ** The Practice of Cessation96 ** The Practice of Clear Observation100 * Part 5 Encouragement of Practice and the Benefits Thereof103 ** Notes105 ** A Selected Bibliography119 ** Index123

Books/The Awakening of Faith (2005) +

* Contents * A Message on the Publication of the English Tripiṭaka by NUMATA Yehanv * Editorial Foreword by MAYEDA Sengakuvii * Publisher’s Foreword by Francis H. Cookix * Note on the BDK English Tripiṭaka Series Reprint Editionxi * Foreword to the Original Edition by Wm. Theodore de Baryxvi * Preface to the Original Edition by Yoshito S. Hakedaxix * Translator’s Introduction by Yoshito S. Hakedaxxi * The Awakening of Faith * Invocation3 * The Contents of the Discourse3 * Part One. The Reasons for Writing5 * Part Two. Outline7 * Part Three. Interpretation11 * Chapter I. Revelation of True Meaning11 ** I. One Mind and Its Two Aspects11 *** A. The Mind in Terms of the Absolute12 **** 1. Truly Empty14 **** 2. Truly Nonempty15 *** B. The Mind in Terms of Phenomena16 **** 1. The Storehouse Consciousness16 ***** a. The Aspect of Enlightenment17 ****** (1) Original Enlightenment17 ****** (2) The Process of Actualization of Enlightenment17 ******* (a) Purity of Wisdom20 ******* (b) Suprational Functions21 ****** (3) The Characteristics of the Essence of Enlightenment21 ***** b. The Aspect of Nonenlightenment23 ***** c. The Relationships between Enlightenment and Nonenlightenment25 ****** (1) Identity25 ****** (2) Nonidentity26 **** 2. The Cause and Conditions of Humankind’s Being in Samsara26 ***** a. Mind27 ***** b. Consciousness29 ***** c. Defiled States of Mind31 ***** d. Comments on the Terms Used in the Foregoing Discussion32 **** 3. The Characteristics of Beings in Samsara34 ***** a. Permeation of Ignorance36 ***** b. Permeation of Suchness37 ****** (1) Permeation through Manifestation of the Essence of Suchness39 ****** (2) Permeation through Influences41 ******* (a) The Specific Coordinating Causes41 ******* (b) The General Coordinating Causes42 ** II. The Essence Itself and the Attributes of Suchness, or the Meaning of Mahå44 *** A. The Greatness of the Essense of Suchness44 *** B. The Greatness of the Attributes of Suchness44 *** C. The Greatness of the Influences of Suchness46 ** III. From Samsara to Nirvana51 * Chapter II. The Correction of Evil Attachments53 ** I. The Biased Views Held by Ordinary People53 ** II. The Biased Views Held by the Hinayanists57 * Chapter III. Analysis of the Types of Aspiration for Enlightenment, or the Meanings of Yåna59 ** I. The Aspiration for Enlightenment through the Perfection of Faith60 ** II. The Aspiration for Enlightenment through Understanding and Deeds65 ** III. The Aspiration for Enlightenment through Insight66 * Part Four. On Faith and Practice71 ** On Four Faiths71 ** On Five Practices72 ** The Practice of Cessation74 ** The Practice of Clear Observation78 * Part Five. Encouragement of Practice and the Benefits Thereof81 * Notes83 * Glossary91 * Bibliography95 * Index99 * A List of the Volumes of the BDK English Tripiṭaka (First Series)

Books/The Awakening of Faith in Mahayana (Ta-ch'eng ch'i-hsin lun): A Study of the Unfolding of Sinitic Mahayana Motifs +

* PREFACEi * INTRODUCTION1 **The Religious Situation in the Sixth Century A.D. in China * CHAPTER ONE49 **The Awakening of Faith in Mahayana: A Basic Summary * CHAPTER TWO92 **Ideological Roots of the Awakening of Faith in Mahayana * CHAPTER THREE189 **The Theory of "Dynamic Suchness" and the Book of Changes: The Awakening of Faith as Interpreted by Fa-tsang * CHAPTER FOUR238 **The Legacy of the Awakening of Faith in Mahayana * BIBLIOGRAPHY259 +

Books/The Awakening of Faith in the Mahayana Doctrine +

* Translator's IntroductionV * Translator's SynopsisXVII * The Opening HymnXXVI <center>Chapter I</center> * Reasons for writing the Book1 <center>Chapter II</center> * The Fundamental Doctrine of the New Buddhism—the Mahayana Faith3 <center>Chapter III</center> * Exposition of the Faith4 <center>Chapter IV</center> * The Practice of the Faith35 <center>Chapter V</center> * The Advantages of the Faith44 +

Books/The Aṅguttara-Nikâya: Part 1, Ekanipâta, Dukanipâta, and Tikanipâta +

* Preliminary remarksvii * Correctionsxv * I. EKA-NIPĀTA1–40 * I. Rūpa Vagga1 * II. Nīvaraṇa Vagga3 * III. Akammanīya Vagga5 * IV. Adanta Vagga6 * V. Paṇihita Vagga8 * VI. Accharāsaŋghāta Vagga10 * VII. Viriyārambha Vagga12 * VIII. Kalyāṇamitta Vagga14 * IX. Pamāda Vagga15 * X. XI. Adhamma Vagga16 * XII. Anāpatti Vagga20 * XIII. Ekapuggala Vagga22 * XIV. Etadagga Vagga23 * XV. Aṭṭhāna Vagga24 * XVI. Ekadhamma Vagga30 * XVII. Bīja Vagga30 * XVIII. Makkhali Vagga33 * XIX. Appamattaka Vagga35 * XX. XXI. Jhāna Vagga38 * II. DUKA-NIPĀTA47–100 * I. Kammakāraṇa Vagga47 * II. Adhikaraṇa Vagga52 * III. Bāla Vagga59 * IV. Samacitta Vagga61 * V. Parisā Vagga71 * VI. Puggala Vagga76 * VII. Sukha Vagga81 * VIII. Nimitta Vagga82 * IX. Dhamma Vagga83 * X. Bāla Vagga84 * XI. Āsā Vagga86 * XII. Āyācana Vagga89 * XIII. Dāna Vagga91 * XIV. Santhāra Vagga93 * XV. Kodha Vagga95 * XVI. Atthavasa Vagga98 * III. TIKA-NIPĀTA101–300 * I. Bāla Vagga101 * II. Rathakāra Vagga106 * III. Puggala Vagga118 * IV. Devadūta Vagga132 * V. Cūḷa Vagga150 * VI. Brāhmaṇa Vagga155 * VII. Mahā Vagga173 * VIII. Ānanda Vagga215 * IX. Samaṇa Vagga229 * X. Loṇaphala Vagga239 * XI. Sambodhi Vagga258 * XII. Āpātika Vagga265 * XIII. Kusiṅāra Vagga274 * XIV. Yodhājīva Vagga284 * XV. Maṅgala Vagga292 * XVI. Acelaka Vagga295 * Uddāna300 * Index of Subjects305 * Index of Proper Names331 * Index of Gāthās334

Books/The Blue Annals Parts I & II +

* IntroductionI * PART I * Book I: The Beginning of the story of the Doctrine.—The Royal Chronicle.—The Period of the Early Spread of the Doctrine1 ** II: Later Spread of the Doctrine: The story of the Beginning of the Period of the Later Spread of the Doctrine63 ** III: The Early Translations of the Mantrayāna Tantras ...102 ** IV: The New Tantras (gsan-snags gsar-ma) and the Followers of the "Path and Fruit" (Lam-'Bras) Doctrine204 ** V: The Venerable Lord (Jo-bo-rje, Atisa) and his spiritual Lineage241 ** VI: rNog lo-tsa-ba, Pa-tshab lo-tsa-ba and their Lineage. The origin (of the teaching) of the Mādhyamika, the Nyāya and the "Five Treatises" of Maitreya-Asaṅga328 ** VII: The Preaching of the Tantras351 * PART II ** VIII: The Spiritual Lineage of the Lord Translator Mar-pa which was known as Dwags-po bKa-brgyud399 ** IX: The Book on Ko-brag-pa and Ni-gu726 ** X: The Kālacakra753 ** XI: The Mahāmudrā839 ** XII: The Early, Later and Intermediate Lineages of zi-byed867 ** XIII: The (system) of gCod-yul and Kha-rag-pa982 ** XIV: The Cycle of the Mahākaruṇika and that of the Vajrāvali1006 ** XV: The origin of religious schools such as the four Tshogssde, and others, Queries and replies (concerning the "Blue Annals", zu-Ian). The story of the printing of this edition1062 * INDEXES * Sūtras & Sastras (Sanskrit)1095 * Personal Names (Sanskrit)1104 * Book Titles (Tibetan)1123 * Personal Names (Tibetan)1138 * Chinese Names1265 * Mongol Names1267 * List of Errata1269

Books/The Brahmā's Net Sutra +

* A Message on the Publication of the English Tripiṭaka, ''NUMATA Yehan''v * Editorial Foreword, ''Kenneth K. Tanaka''vii * Publisher's Foreword, ''A. Charles Muller''ix * Translators' Introduction, ''A. Charles Muller'' and ''Kenneth K. Tanaka''xvii *The Brahmā's Net Sutra *Fascicle 1. Exposition of the ''Brahmā's Net Sutra'' ** (Preface)3 ** Preface to the ''Brahmā's Net Sutra'' by Śramaṇa Sengzhao3 ** The Forty Stages4 *** (Convocation)4 *** Ten Departures for the Destination6 *** Ten Nourishing Mental States6 *** Ten Adamantine Mental States6 *** Ten Grounds7 ** The Ten Departures toward the Destination8 *** 1. The Mental State of Detachment8 *** 2. The Mental State of Morality8 *** 3. The Mental State of Patience9 *** 4. The Mental State of Zeal9 *** 5. The Mental State of Concentration10 *** 6. The Mental State of Insight10 *** 7. The Mental State of Making Vows11 *** 8. The Mental State of Guarding11 *** 9. The Mental State of Joy12 *** 10. The Summit Mental State12 ** The Ten Nourishing Mental States13 *** 1. The Mental State of Kindness13 *** 2. The Mental State of Pity13 *** 3. The Mental State of Joy14 *** 4. The Mental State of Nonattachment14 *** 5. The Mental State of Giving15 *** 6. The Mental State of Caring Speech15 *** 7. The Mental State of Beneficence15 *** 8. The Mental State of Sameness16 *** 9. The Mental State of Concentration16 *** 10. The Mental State of Insight16 ** The Ten Adamantine Mental States17 *** 1. The Mental State of Faith17 *** 2. The Mental State of Mindfulness18 *** 3. The Profound Mental State18 *** 4. The Mental State of Penetrating Illumination18 *** 5. The Direct Mental State19 *** 6. The Mental State of Nonretrogression19 *** 7. The Mental State of the Great Vehicle19 *** 8. The Markless Mental State20 *** 9. The Mental State of Wisdom20 *** 10. The Indestructible Mental State21 ** The Ten Grounds21 *** 1. The Ground of the Equality of the Essence21 *** 2. The Ground of the Skillful Wisdom of the Essence23 *** 3. The Ground of the Luminosity of the Essence25 *** 4. The Ground of the Knowability of the Essence26 *** 5. The Ground of the Wisdom-illumination of the Essence28 *** 6. The Ground of the Floral Radiance of the Essence29 *** 7. The Ground of the Completion of the Essential Nature31 *** 8. The Ground of the Buddha’s Roar of the Essential Nature32 *** 9. The Ground of the Flower Ornamentation of the Essence34 *** 10. The Ground of Entry into the Buddha Realm of the Essential Nature35 *Fascicle 2. The Precepts ** Preface to the Bodhisattva Precepts of the ''Brahmā's Net Sutra''37 ** Invocation38 ** The Teaching Transmitted to the Transformation-body Buddhas38 ** Repayment of Kindness and a Separate Iteration of the Teaching39 ** The Exhortation40 ** The Bodhisattva Precepts41 *** The Transmission and Remembrance of the Founding Teacher41 ** Preface to the Formation of the Precepts42 *** Interlocutor’s Preface42 *** The Preface of the World-honored One42 **** The Preface of the Preceptor42 **** The Dharma Preface43 **** The Preface for the Disciples43 ** The Main Sermon43 *** Introduction of the Exhortation to Uphold43 ** The Ten Grave Precepts44 *** 1. Prohibition of Killing for Pleasure44 *** 2. Prohibition of Stealing Others’ Property44 *** 3. Prohibition of the Heartless Pursuit of Lust44 *** 4. Prohibition of Intentional Lying45 *** 5. Prohibition of the Sale of Alcohol45 *** 6. Prohibition of Speaking of the Faults of Others45 *** 7. Prohibition of Praising Oneself and Disparaging Others46 *** 8. Prohibition of Parsimony and Abuse of Others46 *** 9. Prohibition of Holding Resentments and Not Accepting Apologies46 *** 10. Prohibition of Denigration of the Three Treasures47 ** Conclusion47 ** The Minor Precepts48 *** Division of Ten Precepts48 ****Precepts Concerning the Guarding of One's Own Thoughts ***** 1. Do Not Show Disrespect to Senior Teachers48 ***** 2. Do Not Drink Alcohol48 ****Protecting Other’s Mental Functions ***** 3. Do Not Eat Meat49 ***** 4. Do Not Eat the Five Pungent Roots49 ***** 5. Do Not Fail to Encourage Others to Repent49 ****Reversing and Cultivating the Buddha-dharma ***** 6. Do Not Fail to Request Instruction in the Dharma from Visiting Teachers50 ***** 7. Do Not Miss a Chance to Attend Dharma Lectures50 ***** 8. Do Not Abandon the Great Vehicle and Regress to the Lesser Vehicle50 ****Saving and Protecting Sentient Beings ***** 9. Do Not Fail to Care for the Ill51 ***** 10. Do Not Amass Weapons51 *** Division of Ten Precepts51 ****Guarding One's Own Virtue ***** 11. Do Not Serve as a Negotiator for the Military52 ***** 12. Do Not Get Involved in Trade and Business that Causes Trouble for Others52 ***** 13. Do Not Make Groundless Accusations52 ***** 14. Do Not Harm Living Beings by Setting Fires52 ****Bringing Others into the Fold and Protecting Them ***** 15. Do Not Teach Non-Buddhist Doctrines53 ***** 16. Do Not be Parsimonious with Offering Material Wealth or the Dharma53 ***** 17. Do Not Seek to Gain Political Influence54 ***** 18. Do Not Pretend to Be An Accomplished Teacher54 ***** 19. Do Not Get Involved in Treachery54 ***** 20. Do Not Fail to Help Both the Living and the Deceased55 *** Division of Ten Precepts55 ****The Shared Cultivation of the Three Karmic Activities ***** 21. Do Not Be Intolerant of Wrongs Done by Others56 ***** 22. Do Not Arrogantly Despise Your Dharma Teacher56 ***** 23. Do Not Despise Beginning Practitioners57 ****Practicing with Those Who Hold the Same Vows ***** 24. Do Not Fear the Superior and Follow the Inferior58 ****Properly Maintaining the Sangha ***** 25. Do Not Fail to Properly Fulfill Administrative Duties58 ***** 26. Do Not Receive Guests Improperly58 ***** 27. Do Not Accept Personal Invitations59 ***** 28. Do Not Extend Personal Invitations to Monks59 ****Harmonizing and Polishing the Precepts ***** 29. Do Not Engage in Improper Livelihood60 ***** 30. Do Not Hurt People While Feigning Intimacy with Them60 *** Division of Nine Precepts60 ****Making Proper Donations ***** 31. Do Not Be Lax in Rescuing Vulnerable Articles and People from Harm61 ****Not Doing As One Pleases ***** 32. Do Not Deviously Confiscate Others’ Property61 ****Avoiding Harmful Influences ***** 33. Do Not Pass Your Time in Idleness62 ****Advancing in the True Vehicle ***** 34. Do Not Abandon the Aspiration for Enlightenment62 ****Not Avoiding Making Vows ***** 35. Do Not Fail to Make Vows63 ****Making Vows ***** 36. Do Not Fail to Initiate Vows on Your Own63 ****Avoiding Danger ***** 37. Do Not Intentionally Go to Dangerous Places65 ****Not Creating Confusion ***** 38. Do Not Take Your Place Out of Order66 ****Profit and Happiness ***** 39. Do Not Pursue Personal Gain66 *** Division of Nine Precepts67 **** Using Moral Discipline to Gather (Believers)67 ****Gathering in People of Various Capacities ***** 40. Do Not Err in Terms of Who Can Be Taught67 ****Separating Out Wrong Situations ***** 41. Do Not Seek Disciples for the Wrong Reasons68 ****Guarding the External ***** 42. Do Not Give the Precepts to Unsuitable People70 ****Guarding the Internal ***** 43. Do Not Intentionally Break the Holy Precepts70 ****Showing Respect ***** 44. Do Not Fail to Revere the Sutras and Vinayas71 ****Teaching By Means of Compassion **** Being Proactive71 ***** 45. Do Not Fail to Teach Sentient Beings71 ****Teaching Others ***** 46. Do Not Preach the Dharma Using Improper Protocol71 ****Warding Off Evil ***** 47. Do Not Establish Systems that Undermine the Dharma72 ****Maintaining Orthodoxy ***** 48. Do Not Undermine the Dharma from Within73 ** General Conclusion73 ** Dissemination Section74 *** Concluding Exhortation for Faithful Practice74 * Notes77 * Glossary81 * Bibliography87 * Index89 * A List of the Volumes of the BDK English Tripiṭaka (First Series)101

Books/The Buddha Nature: A Study of the Tathāgatagarbha and Ālayavijñāna +

* Foreword by Alex Waymanv * Introduction ** Part Onexv ** Part Twoxxviii ** Part Threexxxvi * Part One * The ''Tathāgatagarbha'' in the ''Śrī-Mālā Sūtra'' and the ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' * Chapter * I. Analysis of the Śrī-Mālā Sūtra'''3-41''' ** ''Tathāgatagarbha'' as Ontic Subjectivity4 ** ''Tathāgatagarbha'' and Soteriology8 ** The Status of the Buddha15 ** ''Tathāgatagarbha'' and Epistemology17 ** The Nescience Entrenchment20 ** The Buddha Natures22 ** The Four Noble Truths25 ** ''Tathāgatagarbha'' as Both ''Śūnya'' and ''Aśūnya''31 ** ''Tathāgatagarbha'' as Self-explicating Knowledge Evaluation38 * II. The Ratnagotravibhāga'''43-67''' ** The Jewels of the ''Dharma'' and the ''Sangha''47 ** ''Samalā'' and ''Nirmalā Tathatā''53 ** Threefold Meaning of the ''Tathāgatagarbha''55 ** The Meaning of ''Gotra''59 * III. Characteristics of the Embryo Reality: Its Self-Nature'''69-100''' ** The Cause of the Embryo's Purification70 ** The Four Supreme Virtues: Antidotal Methogology72 ** ''Ātma-Pāramitā'': Supreme Unity81 ** ''Nitya-Pāramitā'': Supreme Eternity90 ** Supreme Bliss and Supreme Purity95 ** The Result of the Embryo's Self-purification98 ** The Union with the purifying Factors99 * IV. Further Characteristics of the Embryo'''101-123''' ** The Function of the Embryo Towards Self-purification101 ** The Embryo's Manifestation104 ** ''Cittaprakrti'': the Innate Mind108 ** Buddhahood and ''Nirvāna''118 * VI. Nine Illustrations of the ''Garbha'''''125-134''' ** Threefold Nature of the ''Tathāgatagarbha''130 * VI. ''Tathāgatagarbha'' as ''Śūnyatā''135-159 ** ''Tathāgatagarbha'' as ''Śūnya'' and ''Aśūnya'',141 ** The ''Ratnagotra'' and the ''Prajñapāramitā'' Tradition150 * VII. The Properties of the Buddha'''161-176''' ** ''Nirmalā Tathatā''163 ** Evaluation171 * Part Two * The ''Ālayalavijñāna'' in the ''Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra'' and the ''Ch'eng Wei-Shih Lun'' * VIII. The ''Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra''179-194 ** The Union of the ''Tathāgatagarbha'' and the ''Ālayavijñana''179 ** The Confusion of Epistemology and Ontology in the ''Laṅkāvatāra''185 * IX. The Ch'eng Wei-Shih Lun'''195-211''' ** The Metaphysics of Mere-Consciousness195 ** The ''Ālayavijñana'' and the ''Bījas''202 * X. The ''Ālayavijñana'' and Ignorance'''213-226''' ** ''Ātmagrāha'' and ''Dharmagrāha''213 ** The "Manas'' and ''Manovijñāna''214 ** The Ultimate Origin of Ignorance223 * XI. The Holy Path of Attainment'''227-244''' ** The Stage of Moral Provisioning227 ** The Stage of Intensified Effort228 ** The Stage of Unimpeded Penetrating Understanding230 ** The Stage of Exercising Cultivation232 ** The Stage of Ultimate Realization241 * Part Three * The ''Tathāgatagarbha-Ālayavijñāna'': Summary and Comparison * XII. Conclusion'''247-292''' ** The ''Tathāgatagarbha'' in the ''Śrī-Mālā Sūtra''247 ** The ''Tathāgatagarbha'' in the ''Ratnagotravibhāga''251 ** The ''Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra''260 ** The ''Ch'eng Wei-Shih Lun''263 ** The Ultimate Status of Ignorance in the Theory of the ''Tathāgatagarbha-Ālayavijñāna''266 ** The ''Tathāgatagarbha-Ālayavijñāna'' and the Hegelian Absolute Spirit273 * Appendix 1: Numerical Listings from the Srī-Mālā Sūtra and the Ratnagotravibhāga293 * Appendix 2: Numerical Listings from the Ch'eng Wei-Shih Lun299 * Selected Bibliography303 * Index311