Die Anwendung der Tathagatagarbha-Lehre

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ContentsSources

• Inhalt

• Vorwort8

• 1 Einleitung
• 1.1 Zielsetzung11
• 1.2 Methode und Abgrenzung des Themas13
• 1.3 ’Jam mgon Kong sprul Blo gros mtha’ yas, sein Leben und Wirken
• 1.3.1 Kong sprul und die ris med Bewegung16
• 1.3.2 Publikationen zu Kong sprul24
• 1.3.3 Wesentliche Ereignisse im Leben von Kong sprul, eine Chronologie32
• 1.3.4 Kong spruls literarisches Lebenswerk, die mDzod Inga („Fünf Schätze“)47
• 1.4 Das Thema der Buddha-Natur
• 1.4.1 Mahāyāna-Schriften zur Buddha-Natur und ihre Datierung52
• 1.4.2 Einschlägige Mahāyāna-Sūtren aus Sicht der tibetischen Exegese55
• 1.4.3 Indische Lehrwerke zur positiven Beschreibung der absoluten
          Wirklichkeit59
• 1.4.4 Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten zur Buddha-Natur bzw. damit verwandten
          Themen64

• 2 Der Ratnagotravibhāga in Tibet
• 2.1 Der Ratnagotravibhāga in der tibetischen Exegese74
• 2.2 Für die Karma bKa’ brgyud pa-Tradition wesentliche Ratnagotravibhāga
       Überlieferungen
• 2.2.1 Maitrīpas Lehrtradition76
• 2.2.2 Sajjanas tibetische Schüler77
• 2.3 Stellung des Ratnagotravibhāga in den mahāmudrā-Lehren der Karma
       bKa’ brgyud pa-Tradition84

• 3 gzhan stong in Tibet
• 3.1 gzhan stong, Allgemeines94
• 3.2 Grundlagen für die tibetische gzhan stong-Exegese in indischen Lehrwerken99
• 3.3 gzhan stong-Mādhyamikas in Tibet bzw. Lehrer, in deren Wirken sich
       Elemente der gzhan stong-Lehre finden104
• 3.4 gzhan stong-Proponenten in der Darstellung von Kong spruls gZhan stong
       lta khrid, Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede
• 3.4.1 Allgemeine Bemerkungen113
• 3.4.2 Von Kong sprul als Wegbereiter der gzhan stong-Lehren bezeichnete
          tibetische Lehrer
• 3.4.2.1 Karma pa Rang byung rdo rje116
• 3.4.2.2 Dol po pa Shes rab rgyal mtshan132
• 3.4.2.3 Klong chen pa Dri med ’od zer138
• 3.4.3 Weitere von Kong sprul als gzhan stong-Proponenten bezeichnete Lehrer145
• 3.4.3.1 Karma pa Chos grags rgya mtsho145
• 3.4.3.2 Shākya mchog ldan150
• 3.4.3.3 Tāranātha Kun dga’ snying po155
• 3.4.3.4 Si tu Chos kyi ’byung gnas160
• 3.5 Kong spruls Sichtweise165

• 4 Kong spruls gZhan stong lta khrid: „Die makellosen Lichtstrahlen des vajra-Mondes,
     eine Anleitung zur Sichtweise von gzhan stong, dem Großen Madhyamaka“
• 4.1 Das gZhan stong lta khrid in Kong spruls Werken, allgemeine Beschreibung des
       Textes195
• 4.2 lta khrid als Literaturgattung; Zweck und Verwendung197
• 4.3 Aufbau von Kong spruls gZhan stong lta khrid
• 4.3.1 Struktur des Textes200
• 4.3.2 Inhaltliche Schwerpunkte in Kong spruls gZhan stong lta khrid
• 4.3.2.1 Die drei Lehrzyklen, ihre hinführende und/oder definitive Bedeutung und
            die exegetische Zuordnung des Ratnagotravibhāga202
• 4.3.2.2 Die im gZhan stong lta khrid dargestellte Anleitung gemäß der Sūtra-Tradition:
• 4.3.2.2.1 „Was zu verstehen ist“
• 4.3.2.2.1.1 Die weltliche und die überweltliche Sichtweise214
• 4.3.2.2.1.2 Sichtweise und Meditation gemäß dem Niḥsvabhāvavāda-
                 Madhyamaka220
• 4.3.2.2.1.3 Mögliche Fehlerquellen beim Niḥsvabhāvavāda-Madhyamaka231
• 4.3.2.2.1.4 Sichtweise und Meditation gemäß des Yogācāra-Madhyamaka234
• 4.3.2.2.1.5 Kong spruls Sicht zur nicht-zweiheitlichen Gnosis238
• 43.2.2.2„Die eigentliche Praxis“ gemäß der Sūtra-Tradition
• 4.3.2.2.2.1 „Die Vorbereitung“ 240
• 4.3.2.2.2.2 „Der Hauptteil“
• 4.3.2.2.2.2.1 „Die Zufluchtnahme und das Entwickeln von bodhicitta“ 242
• 4.3.2.2.2.2.2 „Die Anleitung zur meditativen Übung der Einheit von śamatha
                     und vipaśyanä“244
• 4.3.2.2.2.2.3 „Das genaue Unterscheiden und die dadurch erfolgende Einführung
                     in die Buddha-Natur“258
• 4.3.2.2.3 Die Praxis außerhalb der Meditation273
• 4.3.2.3 Die im gZhan stong lta khrid dargestellte Anleitung gemäß der Tantra-
            Tradition
• 4.3.2.3.1 Vorbemerkungen282
• 4.3.2.3.2 „Was zu verstehen ist“283
• 4.3.2.3.3 „Die eigentliche Praxis“291
• 4.3.2.4. „Der Nutzen“294
• 4.4 Textedition und Übersetzung
• 4.4.1 Anmerkungen zur tibetischen Textausgabe297
• 4.4.2 Anmerkungen zu Edition und Übersetzung300
• 4.4.3 Inhaltsübersicht des gZhan stong lta khrid mit Seitenverweis auf Edition
          und Übersetzung302
• 4.4.4 Edition des tibetischen Textes303
• 4.4.5 Übersetzung323

Abkürzungen, Bibliografie und Indices

• Allgemeine Abkürzungen353
• Indische Werke354
• Tibetische Werke356
• Sekundärliteratur364
• Internet379
• Indices380

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Mahāyāna - Mahāyāna, or the Great Vehicle, refers to the system of Buddhist thought and practice which developed around the beginning of Common Era, focusing on the pursuit of the state of full enlightenment of the Buddha through the realization of the wisdom of emptiness and the cultivation of compassion. Skt. महायान Tib. ཐེག་པ་ཆེན་པོ། Ch. 大乘

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These are the root verses of the Uttaratantra attributed to Maitreya by the Tibetan tradition.

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Mahāmudrā - Mahāmudrā refers to an advanced meditation tradition in Mahāyāna and Vajrayāna forms of Into-Tibetan Buddhism that is focused on the realization of the empty and luminous nature of the mind. It also refers to the resultant state of buddhahood attained through such meditation practice. In Tibet, this tradition is particularly associated with the Kagyu school, although all other schools also profess this tradition. The term also appears as part of the four seals, alongside dharmamūdra, samayamudrā, and karmamudrā. Skt. महामुद्रा Tib. ཕྱག་རྒྱ་ཆེན་པོ།

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gzhan stong - The state of being devoid of that which is wholly different rather than being void of its own nature. The term is generally used to refer to the ultimate, or buddha-nature, being empty of other phenomena such as adventitious defiling emotions but not empty of its true nature. Tib. གཞན་སྟོང་

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Madhyamaka - Along with Yogācāra, it is one of the two major philosophical schools of Mahāyāna Buddhism. Founded by Nāgārjuna around the second century CE, it is rooted in the Prajñāpāramitā Sūtras, though its initial exposition was presented in Nāgārjuna's Mūlamadhyamakakārikā. Skt. मध्यमक Tib. དབུ་མ་ Ch. 中觀見

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sūtra - Sūtras mainly refer to the discourses delivered by the Buddha and his disciples, and the Sūtra corpus is one of the three main sets of teachings which form the Buddhist canon. Skt. सूत्र Tib. མདོ། Ch. 佛经

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Yogācāra - Along with Madhyamaka, it was one of the two major philosophical schools of Mahāyāna Buddhism. Founded by Asaṅga and Vasubandhu around the fourth century CE, many of its central tenets have roots in the Saṃdhinirmocanasūtra and the so-called third turning of the dharma wheel (see tridharmacakrapravartana). Skt. योगाचार Tib. རྣལ་འབྱོར་སྤྱོད་པ་ Ch. 瑜伽行派

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bodhicitta - The altruistic thought to seek enlightenment for the sake of all sentient beings. It is said to have two aspects: compassion aimed at sentient beings and their problems and the wisdom of enlightenment as the solution. Skt. बोधिचित्त Tib. བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས། Ch. 菩提心

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tantra - Tantra, when juxtaposed with Sūtra, generally refers to the scriptures and texts which discuss esoteric topics. While the term is used to refer to texts on other topics, it is mostly used to refer to the genre of scriptures and texts on themes and topics associated with Vajrayāna Buddhism. Skt. तन्त्र Tib. རྒྱུད། Ch. 密宗

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gzhan stong - The state of being devoid of that which is wholly different rather than being void of its own nature. The term is generally used to refer to the ultimate, or buddha-nature, being empty of other phenomena such as adventitious defiling emotions but not empty of its true nature. Tib. གཞན་སྟོང་

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rang stong - The state of being empty of self, which references the lack of inherent existence in relative phenomena. Tib. རང་སྟོང་

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tathāgatagarbha - Buddha-nature, literally the "womb/essence of those who have gone (to suchness)." Skt. तथागतगर्भ Tib. དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས་པའི་སྙིང་པོ་ Ch. 如来藏

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prabhāsvaratā - In a general sense, that which clears away darkness, though it often appears in Buddhist literature in reference to the mind or its nature. It is a particularly salient feature of Tantric literature, especially in regard to the advanced meditation techniques of the completion-stage yogas. Skt. प्रभास्वर Tib. འོད་གསལ་ Ch. 光明

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gotra - Disposition, lineage, or class; an individual's gotra determines the type of enlightenment one is destined to attain. Skt. गोत्र Tib. རིགས་ Ch. 鍾姓,種性

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