When the Clouds Part

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*** {{i|''Tathāgatagarbha'' as the Dharmakāya, Suchness, the Disposition, and Nonconceptuality|64}}
 
*** {{i|''Tathāgatagarbha'' as the Dharmakāya, Suchness, the Disposition, and Nonconceptuality|64}}
 
*** {{i|Tibetan Assertions on ''Tathāgatagarbha''|65}}
 
*** {{i|Tibetan Assertions on ''Tathāgatagarbha''|65}}
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** {{i|/The History and Transmission of "The Five Dharmas of Maitreya" from India to Tibet|81}}
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** {{i|The History and Transmission of "The Five Dharmas of Maitreya" from India to Tibet|81}}
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** {{i|/The ''Mahāyānottaratantra'' (''Ratnagotravibhāga'') and the ''Ratnagotravibhāgavyākhyā''|93}}
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** {{i|The ''Mahāyānottaratantra'' (''Ratnagotravibhāga'') and the ''Ratnagotravibhāgavyākhyā''|93}}
 
*** {{i|Texts and Authorships|93}}
 
*** {{i|Texts and Authorships|93}}
 
*** {{i|The Meanings of the Titles ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' and ''Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra''|95}}
 
*** {{i|The Meanings of the Titles ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' and ''Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra''|95}}
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** {{i|/The ''Uttaratantra'' and Its Relationship with Yogācāra|105}}
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** {{i|The ''Uttaratantra'' and Its Relationship with Yogācāra|105}}
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** {{i|/The Meditative Tradition of the ''Uttaratantra'' and Shentong|123}}
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** {{i|The Meditative Tradition of the ''Uttaratantra'' and Shentong|123}}
 
*** {{i|The Two Approaches of Explaining the ''Uttaratantra''|123}}
 
*** {{i|The Two Approaches of Explaining the ''Uttaratantra''|123}}
 
*** {{i|The Shentong Lineages and the Meditative Tradition of the ''Uttaratantra'' in the Jonang, Kagyü, and Nyingma Schools|131}}
 
*** {{i|The Shentong Lineages and the Meditative Tradition of the ''Uttaratantra'' in the Jonang, Kagyü, and Nyingma Schools|131}}
 
*** {{i|Indian Forerunners of Shentong, Early Tibetan Shentongpas, and Their Connection to the ''Uttaratantra''|140}}
 
*** {{i|Indian Forerunners of Shentong, Early Tibetan Shentongpas, and Their Connection to the ''Uttaratantra''|140}}
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** {{i|/The ''Uttaratantra'' and Mahāmudrā|151}}
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** {{i|The ''Uttaratantra'' and Mahāmudrā|151}}
 
*** {{i|Sūtra Mahāmudrā, Tantra Mahāmudrā, and Essence Mahāmudrā|151}}
 
*** {{i|Sūtra Mahāmudrā, Tantra Mahāmudrā, and Essence Mahāmudrā|151}}
 
*** {{i|The Sūtra Sources of Mahāmudrā|165}}
 
*** {{i|The Sūtra Sources of Mahāmudrā|165}}
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*** {{i|Gö Lotsāwa’s Unique Mahāmudrā Interpretation of the ''Uttaratantra''|243}}
 
*** {{i|Gö Lotsāwa’s Unique Mahāmudrā Interpretation of the ''Uttaratantra''|243}}
 
*** {{i|The Geden Kagyü Tradition of Mahāmudrā|278}}
 
*** {{i|The Geden Kagyü Tradition of Mahāmudrā|278}}
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** {{i|/Overview of the Indian and Tibetan Texts Presented in This Book|283}}
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** {{i|Overview of the Indian and Tibetan Texts Presented in This Book|283}}
 
*** {{i|The ''Uttaratantra'' and Ratnagotravibhāgavyākhyā|283}}
 
*** {{i|The ''Uttaratantra'' and Ratnagotravibhāgavyākhyā|283}}
 
*** {{i|The Indian Texts on the ''Uttaratantra''|288}}
 
*** {{i|The Indian Texts on the ''Uttaratantra''|288}}
 
*** {{i|The Tibetan Commentaries|301}}
 
*** {{i|The Tibetan Commentaries|301}}
 
*** {{i|Instruction Manuals|314}}
 
*** {{i|Instruction Manuals|314}}
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* {{i|/Translations|329}}
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* {{i|Translations|329}}
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** {{i|/Ratnagotravibhāga Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra|331}}
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** {{i|Ratnagotravibhāga Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra|331}}
 
*** {{i|Chapter 1: The Three Jewels and the Tathāgata Heart|337}}
 
*** {{i|Chapter 1: The Three Jewels and the Tathāgata Heart|337}}
 
*** {{i|Chapter 2: Awakening|415}}
 
*** {{i|Chapter 2: Awakening|415}}
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*** {{i|Chapter 4: Buddha Activity|437}}
 
*** {{i|Chapter 4: Buddha Activity|437}}
 
*** {{i|Chapter 5: The Benefit|455}}
 
*** {{i|Chapter 5: The Benefit|455}}
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** {{i|/Pith Instructions on "The Treatise on the Ultimate Continuum of the Mahāyāna" by Sajjana|461}}
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** {{i|Pith Instructions on "The Treatise on the Ultimate Continuum of the Mahāyāna" by Sajjana|461}}
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** {{i|/A Commentary on the Meaning of the Words of the "''Uttaratantra''"|473}}
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** {{i|A Commentary on the Meaning of the Words of the "''Uttaratantra''"|473}}
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** {{i|/A Commentary on "The Treatise on the Ultimate Continuum of the Mahāyāna," The Heart of the Luminous Sun by Dashi Öser|695}}
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** {{i|A Commentary on "The Treatise on the Ultimate Continuum of the Mahāyāna," The Heart of the Luminous Sun by Dashi Öser|695}}
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** {{i|/Instructions on "The Ultimate Continuum of the Mahāyāna" by Mönlam Tsültrim|777}}
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** {{i|Instructions on "The Ultimate Continuum of the Mahāyāna" by Mönlam Tsültrim|777}}
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** {{i|/The Repository of Wisdom by Mönlam Tsültrim|789}}
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** {{i|The Repository of Wisdom by Mönlam Tsültrim|789}}
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** {{i|/The Heart of the Matter of Luminosity by Mönlam Tsültrim|797}}
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** {{i|The Heart of the Matter of Luminosity by Mönlam Tsültrim|797}}
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** {{i|/Pith Instructions on the Wisdom at the Point of Passing when about to Die by Mönlam Tsültrim|801}}
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** {{i|Pith Instructions on the Wisdom at the Point of Passing when about to Die by Mönlam Tsültrim|801}}
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** {{i|/The Lamp That Excellently Elucidates the System of the Proponents of Shentong Madhyamaka by the Eighth Karmapa|803}}
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** {{i|The Lamp That Excellently Elucidates the System of the Proponents of Shentong Madhyamaka by the Eighth Karmapa|803}}
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** {{i|/Guiding Instructions on the View of Great Shentong Madhyamaka— Light Rays of the Stainless Vajra Moon by Jamgön Kongtrul|831}}
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** {{i|Guiding Instructions on the View of Great Shentong Madhyamaka— Light Rays of the Stainless Vajra Moon by Jamgön Kongtrul|831}}
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* {{i|/Appendix 1|Appendix 1: Selected Indian and Tibetan Comments on ''Uttaratantra'' I.27–2|855}}
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* {{i|Appendix 1|Appendix 1: Selected Indian and Tibetan Comments on ''Uttaratantra'' I.27–2|855}}
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* {{i|/Appendix 2|Appendix 2: Selected Indian and Tibetan Comments on ''Uttaratantra'' I.154–5|901}}
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* {{i|Appendix 2|Appendix 2: Selected Indian and Tibetan Comments on ''Uttaratantra'' I.154–5|901}}
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* {{i|/Appendix 3|Appendix 3: Indian and Tibetan Comments on Abhisamayālaṃkāra V.2|943}}
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* {{i|Appendix 3|Appendix 3: Indian and Tibetan Comments on Abhisamayālaṃkāra V.2|943}}
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* {{i|/Appendix 4|Appendix 4: The Emptiness Endowed with All Supreme Aspect|953}}
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* {{i|Appendix 4|Appendix 4: The Emptiness Endowed with All Supreme Aspect|953}}
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* {{i|/Appendix 5|Appendix 5: The General Explanation of ''Tathāgatagarbha'' in Yeshé Dorje’s Commentary on the ''Uttaratantra'|963}}
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* {{i|Appendix 5|Appendix 5: The General Explanation of ''Tathāgatagarbha'' in Yeshé Dorje’s Commentary on the ''Uttaratantra'|963}}
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* {{i|/Appendix 6|Appendix 6: The Presentation of the Purpose of Teaching ''Tathāgatagarbha'' in Yeshé Dorje’s Commentary on the ''Uttaratantra'|969}}
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* {{i|Appendix 6|Appendix 6: The Presentation of the Purpose of Teaching ''Tathāgatagarbha'' in Yeshé Dorje’s Commentary on the ''Uttaratantra'|969}}
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* {{i|/Appendix 7|Appendix 7:Comparison of the First Six Topics of the Fourth and Fifth Vajra Points in the ''Uttaratantra'' with the Same Six Topics in the Mahāyānasūtrālaṃkāra and the Mahāyānasaṃgrah|979}}
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* {{i|Appendix 7|Appendix 7:Comparison of the First Six Topics of the Fourth and Fifth Vajra Points in the ''Uttaratantra'' with the Same Six Topics in the Mahāyānasūtrālaṃkāra and the Mahāyānasaṃgrah|979}}
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* {{i|/Appendix 8|Appendix 8: A Letter from Stainless Expanse and Awareness— a Casual Summary of the "''Uttaratantra''|983}}
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* {{i|Appendix 8|Appendix 8: A Letter from Stainless Expanse and Awareness— a Casual Summary of the "''Uttaratantra''|983}}
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* {{i|/Notes|985}}
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* {{i|Notes|985}}
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* {{i|/English–Sanskrit–Tibetan Glossary|1227}}
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* {{i|English–Sanskrit–Tibetan Glossary|1227}}
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* {{i|/Tibetan–Sanskrit–English Glossary|1231}}
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* {{i|Tibetan–Sanskrit–English Glossary|1231}}
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* {{i|/Bibliography|1235}}
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* {{i|Bibliography|1235}}
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* {{i|/Index|1259}}
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* {{i|Index|1259}}
 
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"Buddha nature" (tathāgatagarbha) is the innate potential in all living beings to become a fully awakened buddha. This book discusses a wide range of topics connected with the notion of buddha nature as presented in Indo-Tibetan Buddhism and includes an overview of the sūtra sources of the tathāgatagarbha teachings and the different ways of explaining the meaning of this term. It includes new translations of the Maitreya treatise Mahāyānottaratantra (Ratnagotravibhāga), the primary Indian text on the subject, its Indian commentaries, and two (hitherto untranslated) commentaries from the Tibetan Kagyü tradition. Most important, the translator’s introduction investigates in detail the meditative tradition of using the Mahāyānottaratantra as a basis for Mahāmudrā instructions and the Shentong approach. This is supplemented by translations of a number of short Tibetan meditation manuals from the Kadampa, Kagyü, and Jonang schools that use the Mahāyānottaratantra as a work to contemplate and realize one’s own buddha nature. (Source: Shambhala Publications)

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Citation Brunnhölzl, Karl. When the Clouds Part: The Uttaratantra and Its Meditative Tradition as a Bridge between Sūtra and Tantra. Tsadra Foundation Series. Boston: Snow Lion Publications, 2014.

Different Ways of Explaining the Meaning of Tathāgatagarbha

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The ''Uttaratantra'' and Mahāmudrā

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The Emptiness Endowed with All Supreme Aspects

Book Excerpt

The Meanings of the Titles Ratnagotravibhāga and Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra

Book Excerpt

The Meditative Tradition of the Uttaratantra and Shentong

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The Sūtra Sources of the ''Tathāgatagarbha'' Teachings

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tathāgatagarbha - Buddha-nature, literally the "womb/essence of those who have gone (to suchness)." Skt. तथागतगर्भ Tib. དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས་པའི་སྙིང་པོ་ Ch. 如来藏

sūtra - Sūtras mainly refer to the discourses delivered by the Buddha and his disciples, and the Sūtra corpus is one of the three main sets of teachings which form the Buddhist canon. Skt. सूत्र Tib. མདོ། Ch. 佛经

These are the root verses of the Uttaratantra attributed to Maitreya by the Tibetan tradition.

Kagyu - The Kagyu school traces its origin to the eleventh-century translator Marpa, who studied in India with Nāropa. Marpa's student Milarepa trained Gampopa, who founded the first monastery of the Kagyu order. As many as twelve subtraditions grew out from there, the best known being the Karma Kagyu, the Drikung, and the Drukpa. Tib. བཀའ་བརྒྱུད་

Tsen Tradition - Tsen Khawoche's "meditative tradition" of exegesis of the Uttaratantra; it is one of two major Tibetan traditions of exegesis, both stemming from students of Sajjana. Tib. བཙན་ལུགས་

Mahāmudrā - Mahāmudrā refers to an advanced meditation tradition in Mahāyāna and Vajrayāna forms of Into-Tibetan Buddhism that is focused on the realization of the empty and luminous nature of the mind. It also refers to the resultant state of buddhahood attained through such meditation practice. In Tibet, this tradition is particularly associated with the Kagyu school, although all other schools also profess this tradition. The term also appears as part of the four seals, alongside dharmamūdra, samayamudrā, and karmamudrā. Skt. महामुद्रा Tib. ཕྱག་རྒྱ་ཆེན་པོ།

gzhan stong - The state of being devoid of that which is wholly different rather than being void of its own nature. The term is generally used to refer to the ultimate, or buddha-nature, being empty of other phenomena such as adventitious defiling emotions but not empty of its true nature. Tib. གཞན་སྟོང་

Jonang - The Jonang tradition was established by Dölpopa Sherab Gyaltsen, a thirteenth-century Sakya monk famous for his Zhentong teachings. The Jonang teachings and monasteries were suppressed in Tibet in the seventeenth century but survived in Amdo. Tib. ཇོ་ནང་

Uttaratantra - The Ultimate Continuum, or Gyü Lama, is often used as a short title in the Tibetan tradition for the key source text of buddha-nature teachings called the Ratnagotravibhāga of Maitreya/Asaṅga, also known as the Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra. Skt. उत्तरतन्त्र Tib. རྒྱུད་བླ་མ་ Ch. 寶性論

These are the root verses of the Uttaratantra attributed to Maitreya by the Tibetan tradition.

Tsen Tradition - Tsen Khawoche's "meditative tradition" of exegesis of the Uttaratantra; it is one of two major Tibetan traditions of exegesis, both stemming from students of Sajjana. Tib. བཙན་ལུགས་

sūtra - Sūtras mainly refer to the discourses delivered by the Buddha and his disciples, and the Sūtra corpus is one of the three main sets of teachings which form the Buddhist canon. Skt. सूत्र Tib. མདོ། Ch. 佛经

tantra - Tantra, when juxtaposed with Sūtra, generally refers to the scriptures and texts which discuss esoteric topics. While the term is used to refer to texts on other topics, it is mostly used to refer to the genre of scriptures and texts on themes and topics associated with Vajrayāna Buddhism. Skt. तन्त्र Tib. རྒྱུད། Ch. 密宗

tathāgatagarbha - Buddha-nature, literally the "womb/essence of those who have gone (to suchness)." Skt. तथागतगर्भ Tib. དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས་པའི་སྙིང་པོ་ Ch. 如来藏

These are the root verses of the Uttaratantra attributed to Maitreya by the Tibetan tradition.

Madhyamaka - Along with Yogācāra, it is one of the two major philosophical schools of Mahāyāna Buddhism. Founded by Nāgārjuna around the second century CE, it is rooted in the Prajñāpāramitā Sūtras, though its initial exposition was presented in Nāgārjuna's Mūlamadhyamakakārikā. Skt. मध्यमक Tib. དབུ་མ་ Ch. 中觀見

Yogācāra - Along with Madhyamaka, it was one of the two major philosophical schools of Mahāyāna Buddhism. Founded by Asaṅga and Vasubandhu around the fourth century CE, many of its central tenets have roots in the Saṃdhinirmocanasūtra and the so-called third turning of the dharma wheel (see tridharmacakrapravartana). Skt. योगाचार Tib. རྣལ་འབྱོར་སྤྱོད་པ་ Ch. 瑜伽行派

gzhan stong - The state of being devoid of that which is wholly different rather than being void of its own nature. The term is generally used to refer to the ultimate, or buddha-nature, being empty of other phenomena such as adventitious defiling emotions but not empty of its true nature. Tib. གཞན་སྟོང་

Nyingma - The Nyingma, which is often described as the oldest tradition of Tibetan Buddhism, traces its origin to Padmasambhava, who is said to have visited Tibet in the eighth century. Tib. རྙིང་མ་

śūnyatā - The state of being empty of an innate nature due to a lack of independently existing characteristics. Skt. शून्यता Tib. སྟོང་པ་ཉིད་ Ch. 空,空門

Dzogchen - Dzogchen is an advanced system of meditation techniques to reveal the innate state of perfection primarily, but not exclusively, espoused by the Nyingma Buddhist tradition and the Tibetan Bön tradition. Skt. महासन्धि Tib. རྫོགས་ཆེན།

paramārthasatya - "Ultimate truth" or "absolute truth"; the reality of things as they truly are. Skt. परमार्थसत्य Tib. དོན་དམ་བདེན་པ་ Ch. 第一義諦,眞諦

ka dag - Primordial purity is a term found in the Dzogchen tradition and refers to the empty nature of phenomena which is experienced through the practice of cutting-through meditation (khregs chod). It is often juxtaposed with spontaneous presence (lhun grub). Tib. ཀ་དག

Vajrayāna - The esoteric Buddhist tradition which developed as a syncretic system involving deity worship, use of mantras, physical energy, and mystical practices. It is also known as the mantra tradition and the tantric school as a result of being based on texts known as tantras. Skt. वज्रयान Tib. རྡོ་རྗེ་ཐེག་པ། Ch. 金剛乘

āgantukamala - Mental stains that are not inherent to the nature of the mind but are temporarily present as the residue of past actions or habitual tendencies. It is sometimes iterated as adventitious defilements (Skt. āgantukakleśa, Tib. glo bur gyi nyon mongs), which references the fickle and temporary nature of disturbing emotions that lack an ultimately established basis for existence. Skt. आगन्तुकमल Tib. གློ་བུར་གྱི་དྲི་མ་

gzhan stong - The state of being devoid of that which is wholly different rather than being void of its own nature. The term is generally used to refer to the ultimate, or buddha-nature, being empty of other phenomena such as adventitious defiling emotions but not empty of its true nature. Tib. གཞན་སྟོང་

gzhan stong - The state of being devoid of that which is wholly different rather than being void of its own nature. The term is generally used to refer to the ultimate, or buddha-nature, being empty of other phenomena such as adventitious defiling emotions but not empty of its true nature. Tib. གཞན་སྟོང་

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