The Buddha Within: Tathagatagarbha Doctrine according to the Shentong Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhaga

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LibraryBooksThe Buddha Within: Tathagatagarbha Doctrine according to the Shentong Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhaga

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|BookToc=* {{i|'''Acknowledgements'''|xiii}}
 
|BookToc=* {{i|'''Acknowledgements'''|xiii}}
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<br>
 
* {{i|Yogin Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso's Spontaneous Verses on the Subject of Rangtong and Shentong|xv}}
 
* {{i|Yogin Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso's Spontaneous Verses on the Subject of Rangtong and Shentong|xv}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Chapter 1: General Introduction'''|1}}
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* {{i|The Omnicient Dolpopa's Prayer that Unties the Vajra Word Knots|5}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Section One–The Issues'''|9}}
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* {{i|'''Chapter 2: Introduction to the Rangtong-Shentong Distinction'''|11}}
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* {{i|2.1 The Origin and Significance of Buddhist Commentarial Traditions|11}}
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* {{i|2.2 The Rangtong-Shentong Distinction|13}}
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* {{i|2.3 The Meaning of Rangtong|14}}
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* {{i|2.4 The Meaning of Shentong|15}}
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* {{i|2.5 The Importance of the Rangtong-Shentong Distinction|16}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Chapter 3: Emptiness from the Shentong Point of View'''|19}}
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* {{i|3.1 Progressive Stages of Meditation on Emptiness|19}}
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* {{i|3.2 The Final Stage–Shentong (Yogacara Madhyamaka)|22}}
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* {{i|3.3 No Shentong Without a Proper Understanding of Rangtong|26}}
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* {{i|3.4 Problems of Definitions of Terms|29}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Chapter 4: The Shentong View of Absolute Reality'''|33}}
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* {{i|4.1 Buddhajnana|33}}
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* {{i|4.2 Inseparable Qualities|37}}
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** {{i|i. Inseparable Qualities of the Dharmakaya|38}}
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** {{i|ii. The Concept of Uncompoundedness|44}}
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** {{i|iii. Inseparability and the Spontaneous Existence of the Buddha Qualities|47}}
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* {{i|4.3 Buddha Activity|51}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Chapter 5: Means of Apprehending Absolute Reality'''|57}}
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* {{i|5.1 Faith|57}}
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** {{i|i. Faith and Buddhajnana|57}}
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** {{i|ii. Faith and Direct Experience|60}}
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** {{i|iii. Direct Experience as Valid Cognition|63}}
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* {{i|5.2 Non-conceptuality (nisprapanca)|65}}
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** {{i|i. Nisprapanca as Awareness Experienced in Meditation|65}}
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** {{i|ii. Nisprapanca as Freedom from Extremes|71}}
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** {{i|ii. Nisprapanca as Non-conceptuality in the RGV (1.9)|73}}
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** {{i|ii. Nisprapanca as in the Tantras|77}}
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* {{i|5.3 The Two Realities and the Two Visions|79}}
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** {{i|i. Satya|79}}
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** {{i|ii. Paramarthasatya|79}}
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** {{i|iii. Samvrtisatya|81}}
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** {{i|iv. Ultimate Reality is not Dependent Arising|82}}
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** {{i|v. Own Nature and Other Nature (''Svabhava'' and ''Parabhava'')|82}}
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** {{i|vi. The Two Realities Inseparable|83}}
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** {{i|vii. The Two Senses of Manifestation and Emptiness|85}}
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** {{i|viii. The Importance of the Distinction|85}}
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** {{i|ix. The Relationship Between the To Realities|87}}
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** {{i|x. The Two Visions–Precisely What Is and the Extent of What Is (''Yathavadbhavikata'' and ''Yavadbhavikata'')|87}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Chapter 6: The Nature of Beings'''|91}}
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* {{i|6.1 Base, Path, and Fruit|91}}
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* {{i|6.2 Tathagatagarbha|91}}
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** {{i|i. The Shentong and Rangtong Approaches Compared|94}}
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** {{i|ii. The Term "Tathagatagarbha"|99}}
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* {{i|6.3 Self|100}}
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* {{i|6.4 Gotra|104}}
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** {{i|i. The "Cut-off" Gotra and the Three Yanas|105}}
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** {{i|ii. Gotra as both Cause and Emptiness|108}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Chapter 7: The Third Dharmacakra: Neyartha or Nitartha'''|113}}
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* {{i|7.1 The Third Dharmacakra|113}}
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** {{i|i. The Three Dharmacakras|113}}
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** {{i|ii. The Third Dharmacakra as Nitartha|114}}
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** {{i|iii. Kongtrul's Distinction Between the Tow Kinds of Nitartha Sutra of the<br>Third Dharmacakra|117}}
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** {{i|iv. Dolpopa's Anlaysis|121}}
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** {{i|v. The Third Dharmacakra is Not Cittamatra|122}}
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* {{i|7.2 Neyartha and Nitartha|124}}
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** {{i|i. Rangtong Explanations of Neyartha and Nitartha|124}}
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** {{i|ii. The Terms "Neyartha" and "Nitartha"|126}}
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** {{i|iii. The ''Ratnagotravibhaga''—Neyartha or Nitartha?|127}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Section Two–Historical Background'''|133}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Chapter 8: The Shentong Tradition'''|135}}
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* {{i|8.1 The Jonangpas|135}}
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** {{i|i. The Jonangpa Lineage|135}}
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** {{i|ii. Some Opponents and Supporters of Shentong|136}}
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** {{i|iii. ''The Mountain Dharma–Ocean of Nitartha (Ri chos nges don gya mtsho'', RC)|136}}
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** {{i|iv. Comparison With Later Shentongpas|140}}
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** {{i|v. The Essence of the Controversy|141}}
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** {{i|vi. Shentong is Secret Oral Instruction|142}}
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* {{i|8.2 Sources of Shentong|143}}
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** {{i|i. The Tibetan Inheritance|143}}
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** {{i|ii. Some of Dolpopa's Indian Sources of Shentong|147}}
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** {{i|iii. Other Views on the Indian Sources of Shentong|149}}
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** {{i|iv. The ''Brhattika''|151}}
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** {{i|v. Nagarjuna's ''Stotra'' and ''Karikas''|154}}
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** {{i|vi. How Shentong Relates to Later Developments of Buddhism in India|156}}
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** {{i|vii. The Term "Great Madhyamaka"|157}}
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** {{i|viii. Tantric Shentong|159}}
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* {{i|8.3 Kongtrul and the Rimay Tradition|161}}
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** {{i|i. Kongtrul|161}}
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** {{i|ii. The Rimay Tradition|162}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Chapter 9: Traditions of Interpretation of the RGV and RGVV'''|165}}
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* {{i|9.1 Introduction to the ''Ratnagotravibhaga'' and ''Ratnagotravibhagavyakhya'' and Associated Traditions.|165}}
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** {{i|i. Authorship and Rediscovery|165}}
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** {{i|ii. Maitreya|166}}
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** {{i|iii. The Importance of the Maitreya-Asanga Connection|167}}
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** {{i|iv. The RGV as a Synthesis of the Tathagatagarbha Sutras and the<br>Prajnaparamita Sutras|169}}
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** {{i|v. The ''Vyakhya'' (RGVV)|171}}
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** {{i|vi. Transmission to Tibet|171}}
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* {{i|9.2 Matters Arising from the Introduction to Kongtrul's Commentary on the<br>RGV. |172}}
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** {{i|i. The Two Tibetan Transmission Lineages of the RGV|172}}
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** {{i|ii. Questions Arising from Kongtrul's Commentary|173}}
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** {{i|iii. Other Commentators Not Mentioned in the Initial Praises|175}}
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** {{i|iv. Gampopa and the Sutra and Tantra Mahamudra|176}}
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** {{i|v. Rangjung Dorje and the Mahamudra-Dzogchen Synthesis|178}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Section Three–A Shentong Interpretation of the RGV and RGVV and a<br>Translation of Kongtrul's Introduction to His RGV Commentary'''|179}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Chapter 10: A Shentong Interpretation of the RGV and RGVV–A Paraphrase<br>With Comments'''|181}}
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* {{i|10.1 The Title and its Implications |181}}
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* {{i|10.2 General Introduction to the Seven Vajra Bases |182}}
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* {{i|10.3 Vajra Bases 1–3: The Three Jewels |186}}
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* {{i|10.4 Vajra Base 4: The Dhatu (Element)|192}}
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** {{i|Causes and Conditions for Purification|192}}
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** {{i|The Four Paradoxes|193}}
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** {{i|The Three Reasons|196}}
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** {{i|The Element Arranged in Ten Points|198}}
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** {{i|The Nine Examples|221}}
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** {{i|The Essence of the Doctrine|229}}
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** {{i|The Purpose of the Instruction|233}}
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* {{i|10.5 Vajra Base 5: Enlightenment|235}}
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* {{i|10.6 Vajra Base 6: Qualities|249}}
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* {{i|10.7 Vajra Base 7: Activity|252}}
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* {{i|10.8 The Benefits|260}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Chapter 11: Translation of the Introduction to Kongtrul's RGV Commentary'''|263}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Chapter 12: Conclusion'''|289}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Appendix 1: Works by Western Scholars'''|295}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Appendix 2: ''Prakrtisunyata, Svabhavasunyata'' and ''Parabhavasunyata'' in Rangtong<br>and Shentong Terms'''|299}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Appendix 3: Further Details on the Three ''Svabhava'' and the Three Kinds of<br>Emptiness as Found in the SNS'''|303}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Appendix 4: The ''Sandhinirmocanasutra: Résumé'' '''|311}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Appendix 5: Some Points of Comparision Between Rangtong Commentators on<br>RGV'''|317}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Appendix 6: The Five Dharmas of Maitreya'''|325}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Abbreviations'''|327}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Notes'''|329}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Conventions Used'''|363}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Glossary of Terms'''|364}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Bibliography'''|367}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Index'''|397}}
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<br>
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* {{i|'''Tables'''|}}
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* {{i|'''8.1'''|152}}
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* {{i|'''8.2'''|153}}
 
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Latest revision as of 19:12, 22 February 2021

The Buddha Within: Tathagatagarbha Doctrine according to the Shentong Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhaga
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Tathagatagarbha—Buddha Nature—is a central concept of Mahayana Buddhism crucial to all the living practice traditions of Tibetan and Zen Buddhism. Its relationship to the concept of emptiness has been a subject of controversy for seven hundred years. Dr. Hookham's work investigates the divergent interpretations of these concepts and the way the TIbetan tradition is resolving them.

In particular she does this with reference to the only surviving Indian commentary on the Tathagatagarbha doctrine, the Ratnagotravibhaga. This text addresses itself directly to the issue of how to relate the doctrine of emptiness (the illusory nature of the world) to that of the truly existing, changeless Absolute (the Buddha Nature).

This is the first work by a Western writer to present an analysis of the Shentong tradition based on previously untranslated sources. The Shentong view rests on meditative experience that is inaccessible to the conceptualizing mind. It is deeply rooted in the sutra tradition of Indian Buddhism and is central to an understanding of the Mahamudra and Dzogchen traditions and Tantric practice among the Kagyupas and Nyingmapas.

(Source: SUNY Press)

Citation Hookham, S. K. The Buddha Within: Tathagatagarbha Doctrine according to the Shentong Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhaga. SUNY Series in Buddhist Studies. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1991.

gzhan stong - The state of being devoid of that which is wholly different rather than being void of its own nature. The term is generally used to refer to the ultimate, or buddha-nature, being empty of other phenomena such as adventitious defiling emotions but not empty of its true nature. Tib. གཞན་སྟོང་

Dzogchen - Dzogchen is an advanced system of meditation techniques to reveal the innate state of perfection primarily, but not exclusively, espoused by the Nyingma Buddhist tradition and the Tibetan Bön tradition. Skt. महासन्धि Tib. རྫོགས་ཆེན།

SUNY - State University of New York

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