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'Gos Lo tsā ba gZhon nu dpal's Commentary on the Ratnagotravibhāgavyākhyā +

* Introductionix * Bibliographyxviii * ''Theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma'i bstan bcos kyi 'grel bshad de kho nyid rab tu gsal ba'i me long''1 * ''De bzhin gshegs pa'i snying po'i le'u''2 * ''Byang chub kyi le'u''453 * ''Yon tan gyi le'u''508 * ''Phrin las kyi le'u''527 * ''Phan yon gyi le'u''559 +

A

A Buddha Within: The Tathāgatagarbhasūtra +

* Preface7 * Acknowledgements8 * Technical Note: My Use of the Asterisk10 * I A Study and Annotated Translation of the ''Tathāgatagarbhasūtra''11 ** A General Study and Text-historical Considerations12 *** 1 Textual History and Structure of the TGS16 **** 1.1 Different Recensions of the TGS16 **** 1.2 The Representatives of TGS224 **** 1.3 Similarities between the Chinese Translations27 **** 1.4 Structure, Contents and Textual History of the TGS27 **** 1.5 The Structure, Nature and Contents of the Nine Similes34 *** 2 The Meaning and Occurrences of the Term ''tathāgatagarbha''39 **** 2.1 The Term ''tathāgatagarbha''39 **** 2.2 The Textual Occurrences of the Terms ''tathāgatagarbha'' and ''garbha''46 *** 3 The Buddha-Nature Doctrine in the TGS50 **** 3.1 The Buddha-Nature50 **** 3.2 Becoming a Buddha62 **** 3.3 How to Become a Buddha65 *** 4 The TGS as a Part of lndian Buddhism: Its Sources, Motives and Reception67 **** 4.1 The Titles of the TGS68 **** 4.2 The Recorded Chinese Translations of the TGS69 **** 4.3 Possible Motives of the Authors of the TGS75 **** 4.4 The TGS in the History of lndian Buddhism77 **** 4.5 The TGS in the ''Ratnagotravibhāga(vyākhyā)'' and Other Indian Texts84 **** 4.6 The Twentieth-Century Reception of the TGS90 ** B An Annotated Translation of the ''Tathāgatagarbhasūtra'' into English 93 * II Critical and Diplomatic Editions of the ''Tathāgatagarbhasūtra''163 ** C The Textual Materials164 *** 1 Information on the Tibetan Manuscripts and Xylographic Editions Utilized164 **** A The Tabo Manuscript Fragments164 **** B -The Berlin Manuscript Kanjur165 **** Bth - The Newark Manuscript Kanjur from Bathang166 **** Bu - The Citation in Bu ston Rin chen grub's ''De bzhin gshegs pa 'i snying po gsal zhing mdzes par byed pa 'i rgyan''167 **** D - The Derge Kanjur (Nyingma Edition)167 **** J - The 'Jang sa tham or Lithang Kanjur168 **** L-The Shel dkar Manuscript Kanjur (London)169 **** N - The Narthang Kanjur 169 **** P1, Pi, P1 - The Phug brag Ms Kanjur170 **** Q - The Peking Kanjur (Otani Reprint)171 **** S The Stog Palace ManuscriptK anjur171 **** T- The Tokyo Manuscript Kanjur172 *** 2 The Stemmatic Relations among the Representatives of Tib172 **** 2.1 The Three Phug brag Versions 173 **** 2.2 The Kanjurs of the Tshal pa Lineage 177 **** 2.3 The Them spangs ma Kanjurs186 **** 2.4 The Position of Bu191 **** 2.5 The Position of A192 **** 2.6 The Relation of the Main Transmissional Groups to Each Other 193 **** 2.7 Possible Stemmas of Tib203 *** 3 Characteristics of the Textual Witnesses of Tib207 **** 3.1 Archaic Features207 **** 3.2 Irregular Verbal Forms208 **** 3.3 Colophons and Translators210 *** 4 A Brief Evaluation of the Chinese Materials213 *** 5 Remarks on the Various Editions214 **** 5. I Principles Governing the Critical Edition of Tib214 **** 5 .2 Remarks on All Editions and Their Critical Apparatuses215 **** 5.3 The Editions of the Tibetan Translations216 **** 5.4 The Chinese Editions218 ** D The Editions221 *** The Critical and Diplomatic Editions221 *** Apparatus of Secondary Variants370 *** Sigla, Symbols and Graphic Devices of the Tibetan Material391 *** Sigla and Graphic Devices of the Chinese Material392 ** E Appendices395 *** Appendix A: Comparative Chart of the Bodhisattva Names in OE396 *** Appendix B: Comparative Chart of Pada Sequences398 *** Appendix C: Comparative Table of Sections and Chapters of the Chinese and Tibetan Editions400 ** Bibliography405 ** Primary Sources, with Abbreviations405 ** Select Secondary Sources412 ** Index427

A Buddhist Bible (1938) +

* Prefacev *Selections from Pali Sources ** The Historic Buddha, Narasu3 ** The Word of the Buddha, Nyanatiloka22 ** Tevigga Sutta, Rhys-Davids61 ** 118th Discourse, Chao Kung73 *Selections from Sanskrit Sources ** Maha-Prajna-Paramita-Hridaya, Goddard85 ** The Diamond Sutra, Wai-tao87 ** The Surangama Sutra, Wai-tao108 ** Lankavatara Scripture, Suzuki and Goddard277 ** The Awakening of Faith, Wai-tao357 *Selections from Chinese Sources ** Tao-teh-king, Wai-tao407 ** Dhyana for Beginners, Wai-tao437 ** Sutra Spoken by the Sixth Patriarch, Wong Mou-lam497 *Selections from Tibetan Sources ** The Life and Hymns of Milarepa, Evans-Wentz561 ** The Supreme Path, Evans-Wentz600 *Selections from Modern Sources ** Homeless Brothers, Yamabe625 ** Practising the Seventh Stage, Goddard634 * Summary of Buddha’s Dharma645 * Appendix659 +

A Clear Differentiation of the Three Codes +

* Forewordix * Acknowledgmentsxi * Note on Transcriptionxii * List of Abbreviationsxiii *Part I: Sakya Pandita’s Life and Work ** Introduction3 *Part II: A Clear Differentiation of the Three Codes ** Prologue39 ** Vows of Individual Liberation41 ** Vows of the Bodhisattva81 ** Vows of the Vajra Vehicle95 ** Epilogue199 *Part III: Six Letters by Sakya Pandita ** 1. Reply to the Questions of the Translator from Chak205 ** 2. Reply to the Questions of the Translator of Lowo225 ** 3. A Letter to the Noble-Minded229 ** 4. A Letter to the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas of the Ten Directions241 ** 5. Reply to the Questions of Dokorwa the Kadampa259 ** 6. Reply to the Questions of Namkha Bum the Kadampa267 * Appendix A: Gorampa's Outline of A Clear Differentiation of the Three Codes273 * Appendix B: Transliteration of the Tibetan Text of A Clear Differentiation of the Three Codes277 * Glossary331 * Bibliography337 * Index349 * About the Cover370 +

A Commentary on The Uttara Tantra (Pre-publication edition) +

* 1. Introduction to the Uttara Tantra 1 * 2. The Buddha 21 * 3. The Dharma 28 * 4. The Sangha 39 * 5. Introduction to Book II 50 * 6. Buddha Nature (The 10 Aspects) 55 * 7. Buddha Nature (The 9 Examples) 85 * 8. Enlightenment (1-5 Aspects) 102 * 9. Enlightenment (6-10 Aspects) 121 * 10. The Qualities of Buddhahood 150 * 11. Buddha Activity 170 * 12 The Benefits of the Text 185 ** Appendix A: Technical Terms 197 ** Appendix B: Spellings of Tibetan words 208 ** Appendix C: Biography of Thrangu Rinpoche 211 +

A Comparison of the Concepts of Buddha-Nature and Dao-Nature of Medieval China +

* '''Introduction'''1 * 1. Discussion of previous scholarship2 * 2. Methods and questions addressed in this project8 * 3. The significance of the idea that insentient things have buddha-nature for East Asian Buddhism15 * 4. Background: The legitimacy of the idea that insentient things have buddha- nature in non-Chinese sources17 * 5. The definition of "sentient beings"25 * 6. Chapter summaries32 * '''Chapter 1: An Examination of the Relationship between Human Nature and the Nature of Inanimate Things in Chinese Thought'''36 * 1. The discussion of xing 性 in terms of the nature of mind before Xuanxue 玄學 (Arcane Study)38 * 2. The discussion of xing in terms of ontology49 ** 2.1 The discussion of xing in terms of Daoist ontology before Arcane Study49 ** 2.2 The discussion of xing in terms of ontology in Arcane Study58 * 3. The taxonomy of Daoism81 * 4. Conclusion84 * '''Chapter 2: A Discussion of Dao-Nature in Practical Daoism'''87 * 1. The discussion of dao-nature in practical Daoism91 ** 1.1 Tao Hongjing's 陶弘景 discussion of dao-nature92 ** 1.2 Song Wenming's 宋文明 discussion of dao-nature98 *** 1.2.1 The authorship of the Daode yiyuan 道德義淵98 *** 1.2.2 Song Wenming's discussion of dao-nature108 * 2. The discussion of dao-nature in the Tang dynasty (618–907 A.D.)114 * 3. Conclusion128 * '''Chapter 3: A Discussion of Jizang's 吉藏 Argument that Grasses and Trees Have Buddha-Nature'''130 * 1. Sentient beings: Are they buddha-nature or do they have buddha-nature?136 * 2. Jizang's definition of buddha-nature138 * 3. An examination of Jizang's argument of buddha-nature in an ontological view157 ** 3.1 The meaning of the word li 理 (principle) and the method of linei-liwai 理內理外 (within li, beyond li)157 ** 3.2 An examination of Jizang's argument that insentient things have buddha-nature177 * 4. A comparison of Jizang's discussion of buddha-nature with the dao-nature of Daoism182 * 5. Conclusion184 * '''Chapter 4: An Examination of Zhanran's 湛然 Discussion of Buddha-Nature'''189 * 1. An examination of Zhanran's argument of insentient things having buddha- nature195 * 2. Zhanran's definition and interpretation of buddha-nature203 ** 2.1 Zhanran's discussion of nature203 ** 2.2 Zhanran's definition of buddha-nature205 ** 2.3 The relationship between unity and diversity220 * 3. An investigation of Chinese thought in Zhanran's Fuxing 輔行 (止觀輔行傳弘決) and its association with Zhanran's discussion of buddha-nature223 * 4. Conclusion243 * '''Conclusion: A Comparison of Buddha-Nature and Dao-Nature'''247 * '''Bibliography'''266

A Complete Session of Meditation +

* Introductionv <center>I. Possibilities</center> * Your Enlightened Core3 * Great Beings Talk About the Enlightened Core9 <center>II. Overview</center> * Overview of the Path of Meditation23 <center>III. A Complete Session of Meditation</center> *''Preparations'': ** Taking Refuge and Arousing Enlightenment Mind31 *''Main Practices'': ** Development of Insight into Reality Through the Practices of Shamatha and Vipashyana51 ** The Key Points of the Body: Posture55 ** The Key Points of Mind: Shamatha57 ** The Key Points of Mind: Vipashyana: The Two Truths and Emptiness73 ** The Key Points of Mind: Vipashyana: Emptiness Progressively Understood Through the Four Schools of Buddhist Philosophy91 ** The Key Points of Mind: Vipashyana: Emptiness Known Through Examination of Time103 ** The Key Points of Mind: Vajra Vehicle Meditations on Reality105 *''Conclusion'': ** Dedication, The Seal119 * Glossary123 +

A Direct Path to the Buddha Within +

* Abbreviationsviii * Prefaceix * Introduction1 ** General Remarks1 ** Delimitation of the Subject and Methods Employed3 ** The ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' and Its ''Vyākhyā''7 ** The Reaction of Mainstream Mahāyāna to the Theory of Buddha Nature17 * Part I:The Tibetan Historical Context ** 1. The Development of Various Traditions of Interpreting Buddha Nature25 *** Ngog Loden Sherab's Analytical Interpretation of the ''Ratnagotravibhāga''25 *** ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' Commentaries in the Meditation Tradition32 *** The Mahāmudrā Interpretation of the ''Ratnagotravibhāga''34 *** The Zhentong Interpretation of the ''Ratnagotravibhāga''45 ** 2. Various Positions Related to Zhönu Pal's Interpretation49 *** The Position of the Third Karmapa Rangjung Dorjé51 *** The Position of Dölpopa Sherab Gyaltsen75 *** The Position of Sabzang Mati Panchen84 *** The Position of Lodrö Tsungmé91 *** The Position of Longchen Rabjampa98 *** The Position of Barawa Gyaltsen Palzang113 *** A Comparison of the Positions125 ** 3. A Short Account of the Most Important Events in Zhönu Pal's Life131 * Part II: Translation ** 4. Zhönu Pal's Ratnagotravibhagavyākhya Commentary151 *** Translator's Introduction151 *** Technical Notes154 *** ''The Commentary on the Treatise "Mahāyāna-Uttaratantra": The Mirror Showing Reality Very Clearly'' (Introduction and Initial Commentaries)157 **** Introduction157 **** The Commentary for Those with Sharp Faculties169 **** The Commentary for Those with Average Faculties180 ***** The Explanation of RGV I.1181 ***** The Explanation of RGV I.2204 ****** The Three Jewels: Buddha, Dharma, and Saṅgha205 ****** Buddha Nature and Its Purification through the Three Dharmacakras214 ****** Enlightenment, Buddha Qualities, and Activity309 ***** A Short Explanation of RGV I.3312 * Part III. Zhonu Pal's Views on Buddha Qualities, Emptiness and Mahamudra ** 5. Buddha Qualities317 *** General Remarks317 *** Different Views on Buddha Qualities318 *** The Blossoming of Subtle Qualities320 *** The Examples Used to Illustrate the Growth of the Qualities342 *** The Ontological Status of the Buddha Qualities344 ** 6. Two Types of Emptiness351 ** 7. Zhönu Pal's Mahāmudrā Interpretation of the ''Ratnagotravibhāga''367 *** The ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' as a Basis for Mahāmudrā Instructions367 *** The Three Dharmacakras: Mahāmudrā Hermeneutics368 *** The Mahāmudrā Approach of Yogic Direct Valid Cognitions373 *** Sūtra-Based Mahāmudrā Meditation377 **** The First Mahāmudrā Yoga of One-Pointedness381 **** The Second Mahāmudrā Yoga of Freedom from Mental Fabrications382 **** The Third Mahāmudrā Yoga of One Taste384 **** The Fourth Mahāmudrā Yoga of Nonmeditation385 **** The Four Mahāmudrā Yogas and the ''Ratnagotravibhāga''386 *** Zhönu Pal's Justification of a Sudden Mahāmudrā Path397 *** Pairs of Paradoxes406 ** 8. Conclusion411 * Notes423 * Table of Tibetan Transliteration555 * Bibliography565 * Subject Index589 * Indian Text Index607

A Distant Mirror +

* Foreword9 * Michael Zimmermann * Acknowledgements13 * Introduction15 * Michael Radich and Chen-kuo Lin * Chinese Translations of ''Pratyakṣa''33 * Funayama Toru * Epistemology and Cultivation in Jingying Huiyuan’s ''Essay on the Three Means of Valid Cognition''63 * Chen-kuo Lin * The Theory of ''Apoha'' in Kuiji's ''Cheng weishi lun Shuji''101 * Shoryu Katsura * A Comparison between the Indian and Chinese Interpretations of the Antinomic Reason (''Viruddhāvyabhicārin'')121 * Shinya Moriyama * The Problem of Self-Refuting Statements in Chinese Buddhist Logic151 * Jakub Zamorski * A Re-examination of the Relationship between the ''Awakening of Faith'' and Dilun School Thought, Focusing on the Works of Huiyuan183 * Ching Keng * A Pivotal Text for the Definition of the Two Hindrances in East Asia: Huiyuan's "Erzhang yi" Chapter217 * A. Charles Muller * On the Notion of ''Kaidaoyi'' (*''Avakāśadānāśraya'') as Discussed in Xuanzang's ''Cheng weishi lun''271 * Junjie Chu * Yogācāra Critiques of the Two Truths313 * Zhihua Yao * Philosophical Aspects of Sixth-Century Chinese Buddhist Debates on "Mind and Consciousness"337 * Hans-Rudolf Kantor * The Way of Nonacquisition: Jizang’s Philosophy of Ontic Indeterminacy397 * Chien-hsing Ho * Divided Opinion among Chinese Commentators on Indian Interpretations of the Parable of the Raft in the ''Vajracchedikā''419 * Yoke Meei Choong * Ideas about "Consciousness" in Fifth and Sixth Century Chinese Buddhist Debates on the Survival of Death by the Spirit, and the Chinese Background to *''Amalavijñāna''471 * Michael Radich * The Process of Awakening in Early Texts on Buddha-Nature in India513 * Michael Zimmermann * About the Authors529 * Index535

A Feast of the Nectar of the Supreme Vehicle +

* Foreword by Jigme Khyentse Rinpoche xiii * Translator’s Introduction xv *Ornament of the Mahāyāna Sūtras: The Root Verses ** 1. The First Chapter 3 ** 2. Establishing the Great Vehicle as the Buddhas Word 5 ** 3. Refuge 9 ** 4. The Potential 13 ** 5. The Spiritual Intent: Bodhicitta 15 ** 6. Practice 19 ** 7. Thatness 21 ** 8. Powers 23 ** 9. Full Maturation 25 ** 10. Enlightenment 29 ** 11. Interest 41 ** 12. Thorough Investigation 45 ** 13. Teaching the Dharma 57 ** 14. Practicing the Dharma 61 ** 15. Instructions and Follow-Up Teachings 67 ** 16. Skillful Activity 75 ** 17. Transcendent Perfections and Ways of Attracting Disciples 77 ** 18. Offering, Reliance, and Boundless Attitudes 89 ** 19. Elements Leading to Enlightenment 99 ** 20. Qualities 113 ** 21. Conduct and Consummation 125 *A Feast of the Nectar of the Supreme Vehicle: The Commentary ** Preamble, Title, and Translator’s Homage 137 ** Introduction 139 *''Part One: What Is to Be Established: Establishingthe Great Vehicleas the Buddha’s Word'' ** 1. General Presentation 151 ** 2. Specific Explanations 155 *''Part Two: What Is to Be Specifically Known'' ** 3. Refuge 171 ** 4. The Potential 183 ** 5. The Spiritual Intent: Bodhicitta 197 ** 6. Practice 221 *''Part Three: What Is to Be Reflected Upon'' ** 7. Thatness 133 ** 8. Powers 149 ** 9. Full Maturation 259 *''Part Four: The Inconceivable, That Which Is beyond Reflection'' ** 10. Enlightenment 279 ** Recapitulation 339 *''Part Five: The Approach to Enlightenment'' *Preliminaries ** 11. Interest 345 ** 12. Thorough Investigation 359 ** 13. Teaching the Dharma 447 ** 14. Practicing the Dharma 473 ** 15. Instructions and Follow-Up Teachings 491 ** Intermediate Summary 519 *Main Explanation ** 16. Skillful Activity 521 ** 17. Transcendent Perfections and Ways of Attracting Disciples 525 ** 18. Offering, Reliance, and Boundless Attitudes 579 ** 19. Elements Leading to Enlightenment 629 ** 20. Qualities 731 ** 21. Conduct and Consummation 797 ** Conclusion 843 * Appendix 1: Structural Outline 847 * Appendix 2: The Five Bodhisattva Paths and the Thirty-Seven Elements Leading to Enlightenment 863 * Appendix 3: The Three Worlds and Six Realms 867 * Glossary 871 * Works Cited 887 * Bibliography 891 * Index 893

A Fine Blend of Mahamudra and Madhyamaka +

* Abbreviationsviii * Prefaceix * Introduction1 ** General Remarks1 ** A Summary of the Amanasikāra Cycle and the *''Mahāmudrākanakamālā''7 ** Maitrīpa’s Life Story in the '''Bri gung bKa' brgyud chos mdzod''23 * The Collection of Texts on Non-conceptual Realization (The ''Amanasikāra Cycle'')41 ** 1. The Destruction of Wrong Views (''Kudrstinirghātana'')41 ** 2. A Commentary on the [Initial] Statement of "The Destruction of Wrong Views" (''Kudrstinirghātavākyatippinikā'')51 ** 3. The Major Offences (''Mūlūpattayah'')55 ** 4. The Gross Offences (''Sthūlāpattayah'')57 ** 5. A Jewel Garland of True Reality (''Tattvaratndvalī'')59 ** 6. Explaining the Seals of the Five Tathāgatas (''Pañcatathāgatamudrāvivaraṇa'')95 ** 7. A Presentation of Empowerment (''Sekanirdeśa'')107 ** 8. The Succession of the Four Seals (''Caturmudrānvaya'')119 ** 9. A Summary of the Meaning of Empowerment (''Sekatātparyasaṃgraha'')133 ** 10. The Five Aspects [of Vajrasattva] ([''Vajrasattva''-]''Pañcākāra'')147 ** 11. A Discourse on Illusion (''Māyānirukti'')155 ** 12. A Discourse on Dream (''Svapnanirukti'')159 ** 13. An Elucidation of True Reality (''Tattvaprakāśa'')163 ** 14. An Elucidation of Non-Abiding (''Apratiṣṭhānaprakāśa'')169 ** 15. An Elucidation of [the Term] "Indivisible union" (''Yuganaddhaprakāśa'')175 ** 16. The Manifestation of Great Bliss (''Mahāsukhaprakāśa'')181 ** 17. The Twenty Verses on True Reality (''Tattvaviṃśikā'')187 ** 18. The Twenty Verses on Mahāyāna (''Mahāyānaviṃśikā'')193 ** 19. The Five Verses on Penetrating Insight (''Nirvedhapañcaka'')199 ** 20. The Six Verses on the Middle [Path] (''Madhyamaṣaṭka'')203 ** 21. The Five [Verses on Transcendent] Love (''Premapañcaka'')207 ** 22. The Ten Verses on True Reality (''Tattvadaśaka'')211 ** 23. A Justification of Non-conceptual Realization (''Amanasikārādhāra'')241 ** 24. The Six Verses on the Co-emergent (''Sahajaṣaṭka'')259 ** 25. A Pith Instruction on Reality Called A Treasure of Dohas (*''Dohānidhināmatattvopadeśa'')263 ** 26. A Pith Instruction on Settling the Mind Without Becoming Engaged in the Thought Processes of Projecting and Gathering—A Genuine Secret (''Shes pa spro bsdu med par 'jog pa'i man ngag gsang ba dam pa'')269 ** 27. A Golden Garland of Mahāmudrā (*''Mahāmudrākanakamālā'')273 ** Conclusion315 * Edition of the Sanskrit and Tibetan Texts319 ** General Remarks319 ** 1. ''Kudṛṣṭinirghātana''323 ** 2. ''Kudṛṣṭinirghātavākyaṭippinikā''333 ** 3. ''Mūlāpattayah''337 ** 4. ''Sthūlāpattayah''339 ** 5. ''Tattvaratnāvalī''341 ** 6. ''Pañcatathāgatamudrāvivaraṇa''371 ** 7. ''Sekanirdeśa''385 ** 8. ''Caturmudrānvaya''389 ** 9. ''Sekatātparyasaṃgraha''403 ** 10. ''[Vajrasattva-]Pañcākāra''415 ** 11. ''Māyānirukti''427 ** 12. ''Svapnanirukti''433 ** 13. ''Tattvaprakāśa''437 ** 14. ''Apratiṣṭhānaprakāśa''443 ** 15. ''Yuganaddhaprakāśa''447 ** 16. ''Mahāsukhaprakāśa''451 ** 17. ''Tattvaviṃśikā''457 ** 18. ''Mahāyānaviṃśikā''465 ** 19. ''Nirvedhapañcaka''473 ** 20. ''Madhyamaṣaṭka''477 ** 21. ''Premapañcaka''481 ** 22. ''Tattvadaśaka''485 ** 23. ''Amanasikārādhāra''489 ** 24. ''Sahajaṣaṭka''499 ** 25. *''Dohānidhināmatattvopadeśa''503 ** 26. ''Shes pa spro bsdu med par 'jog pa'i man ngag gsang ba dam pa''507 ** 27. *''Mahāmudrākanakamālā''511 * Bibliography543 ** Primary Sources (Indian)543 ** Primary Sources (Tibetan)549 ** References551 * Index559

A Gathering of Brilliant Moons +

* Foreword * Ringu Tulku ix * Preface xi * Introduction 1 ** Holly Gayley and Joshua Schapiro * Part I: Worldly Counsel 21 ** 1. Facing Your Mind 23 *** Jamgön Kongtrul and Dudjom Lingpa **** Translated by John Canti ** 2. Playful Primers on the Path 47 *** Dza Patrul Rinpoché **** Translated by Joshua Schapiro ** 3. Dictums for Developing Virtue 83 *** Shangtön Tenpa Gyatso **** Translated by Gedun Rabsal and Nicole Willock ** 4. Bold Judgments on Eating Meat 97 *** Shardza Tashi Gyaltsen **** Translated by Geoffrey Barstow ** 5. A Letter to the Queen 109 *** Jikmé Lingpa and Getsé Mahāpaṇḍita **** Translated by Jann Ronis * Part II: Meditation Advice 123 ** 6. Advice for Solitary Retreat 125 *** Do Khyentsé, Dza Patrul Rinpoché, and the Third Dodrupchen **** Translated by Holly Gayley ** 7. Encouragement to Pursue the Path 171 *** Bamda Thupten Gelek Gyatso **** Translated by Michael Sheehy ** 8. How to Practice When Ill 191 *** Jikmé Lingpa **** Translated by Wulstan Fletcher ** 9. An Intimate Exhortation 201 *** Tokden Śākya Śrī **** Translated by Amy Holmes-Tagchungdarpa ** 10. A Meditation Instructor’s Manual 211 *** Dza Patrul Rinpoché **** Translated by Sarah Harding * Part III: Esoteric Instructions 239 ** 11. Pointing to the Nature of Awareness 241 *** Ju Mipham Rinpoché **** Translated by Douglas Duckworth ** 12. [[Articles/Putting_Buddha_Nature_into_Practice|Putting Buddha Nature into Practice]] 251 *** Jamgön Kongtrul **** Translated by Tina Draszczyk ** 13. Instructions on the Great Perfection 285 *** Jamgön Kongtrul **** Translated by Marc-Henri Deroche * Glossary 303 * Tibetan Proper Names 317 * Contributors 327

A Lamp to Illuminate the Five Stages +

* General Editor’s Prefacexiii * Translator's Introduction1 * Technical Note17 A Lamp to Illuminate the Five Stages :''Core Teachings on the Glorious Guhyasamāja, King of Tantras'' * 1. Homage and Introduction21 *Part 1. Divisions of Highest Yoga Tantra ** 2. The Two Types of Tantra25 ** 3. Specific Explanation of Guhyasamāja Method Tantra43 ** 4. Praise of Guhyasamāja55 ** 5. Commentarial Traditions59 *Part 2. The Path of Guhyasamāja ** 6. Training in the Guhyasamāja75 ** 7. The Two Stages83 ** 8. Explanation of Evām and of Bliss and Emptiness91 ** 9. The Necessity of Penetrating Vital Points on the Body 123 *Part 3. The Divisions o f the Completion Stage ** 10. The Core Instruction 137 ** 11. TheFiveStages 143 *Part 4. Body Isolation ** 12. Identifying Body Isolation 167 ** 13. Types of Body Isolation 181 ** 14. How Body Isolation Is Incorporated into the Six Yogas 191 ** 15. The Practice o f Body Isolation 199 *Part 5. Speech Isolation ** 16. Identifying Speech Isolation 213 ** 17. Divisions,Functions, and Movement of the Winds 217 ** 18. Significance of the Mantras 253 ** 19. Prānāyāma Meditations 267 ** 20. Vajra Repetition 295 ** 21 . Experiences in Prānāyāma Meditation 309 *Part 6. Mind Isolation ** 22 . The Nature of Mind Isolation 333 ** 23. The Three Appearances and the Intrinsic Natures 341 *Part 7. The Conventional-Truth Illusory Body **24. Gaining Instructions on the Illusory Body **25. Methods of Attaining the Illusory Body **26. The Mixings *Part 8. The Ultimate-Truth Clear Light ** 27. Stages of Attainment443 ** 28. The Outer and Inner Mastery 447 ** 29. The Two Meditative Absorptions 453 ** 30. How the Path of Tantra Must Occur on the Sutra Path 463 ** 31. How Clear Light Is Incorporated into the Six Yogas 475 *Part 9.The Stage of Union ** 31 . The Two Truths Inseparably Combined 483 ** 33. How the Stage of Union Fits into the Six Yogas 503 *Part 10. Tantric Activities ** 34. General Presentation of Activities 509 ** 35. HighestYoga Tantra Activities527 ** 36. Rituals for the Three Activities541 ** 37. The Attainment of Complete Enlightenment559 * Colophon and Dedication563 * Table of Tibetan Transliteration567 * Notes569 * Glossary605 * Bibliography617 * Index629 * About the Contributors649

A Prolegomena to the Śrīmālādevī Sūtra and the Tathāgatagarbha Theory: The Role of Women in Buddhism +

* Introduction1 *Chapter ** I. Historical Overview10 ** II. Tathāgatabarbha61 ** III. Tathāgatagarbha Thought in the Śrīmālādevī-Siṁhanāda Sūtra: Part I116 ** IV. Tathāgatagarbha Thought in the Śrīmālādevī-Siṁhanāda Sūtra: Part II136 * V. The Teaching of Queen Śrīmālā Who Had the Lion's Roar187 * Appendix I: Methodology278 * Appendix II: Bibliography287 +

A Study of Master Yinshun’s Hermeneutics: An Interpretation of the Tathāgatagarbha Doctrine +

* List of Tables10 * Abstract11 * Introduction13 * Chapter 1. The Controversy: The Relationship between the Doctrine of Emptiness and the ''Tathāgatagarbha''25 * Chapter 2. Yinshun's Interpretation of the "Original Purity of the Mind" and Its Role in the Development of the ''Tathāgatagarbha'' Doctrine43 ** 2.1. "Original Purity of the Mind" in pre-Mahāyāna Buddhism45 *** 2.1.1. The "Original Purity of the Mind" and the Cultivation of ''Samādhi''46 *** 2.1.2. Canonical Sources for the "Original Purity of the Mind" Doctrine49 *** 2.1.3. Yinshun's Interpretation of the "Original Purity of the Mind”: The Sarvāstivādin Position52 *** 2.1.4. The Role of Metaphors in the Explication of the "Original Purity of the Mind"57 *** 2.1.5. Unity of the Mind60 ** 2.2. "Original Purity of the Mind" in Early Mahāyāna64 *** 2.2.1. No-Mind and the "Original Purity of the Mind"65 *** 2.2.2. The Bodhisattva Mind69 *** 2.2.3. Bodhicitta, Luminous Purity, and Emptiness72 * Chapter 3. Yinshun's Analysis of the ''Tathāgatagarbha'''s Relationship to the ''Perfection of Wisdom Sūtras'', The ''Huayan Sūtra'', and the ''Tathāgatagarbha Sūtra''79 ** 3.1. The "Equality of all Dharmas" and the "Non-Obstruction of Phenomena"81 *** 3.1.1. The ''Prajñāpāramitā'' Literature81 *** 3.1.2. ''Huayan Sūtra''84 ** 3.2. The Implied Meanings of the ''Tathāgatagarbha'' Theory Found in the ''Huayan Sūtra''86 *** 3.2.1. Tathāgata's Nature Origination Chapter86 *** 3.2.2. The Ten Stages Chapter90 *** 3.2.3. The Vairocana Chapter93 ** 3.3. Mind, Bodhicitta, Bodhi, and Sentient Beings98 *** 3.3.1. ''Bodhicitta'' and ''Bodhi''99 *** 3.3.2. ''Bodhicitta'', ''Bodhi'', and the Doctrine of Emptiness103 *** 3.3.3. ''Bodhicitta'', ''Bodhi'', and the Jewel Metaphor107 ** 3.4. The ''Tathāgatagarbha Sūtra''110 * Chapter 4. The Tathāgatagarbha as the womb of the Tathāgata: Yinshun's Explanation118 ** 4.1. Tathāgata and ''Tathāgatagarbha'' (''Rulai yu rulaizang'')123 ** 4.2. The Selfhood of ''Tathāgatagarbha'' (''Rulaizangwo'')131 ** 4.3. ''Tathāgatagarbha'' is not empty (''Rulaizangbukong'')142 * Chapter 5. Yinshun's Interpretation of the ''Jewel Nature Treatise'''s Treatment of the Tathāgatagarbha148 ** 5.1. The ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' as the Chief ''Tathāgatagarbha'' Treatise150 *** 5.1.1. The ''Jewel Nature Treatise'' (''Jiujing yisheng baoxinglun'')150 *** 5.1.2. The ''Wushangyijing''154 *** 5.1.3. The ''Dasheng fajie wuchabie lun''155 ** 5.2. The Texts and Treatises on which the ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' are Based157 ** 5.3 An Analysis of the Meaning of the ''Ratnagotravibhāga''160 *** 5.3.1 The ''Tathāgatagarbha''160 **** 5.3.1.1. The Pervasive Dharmakāya160 **** 5.3.1.2. Suchness without Distinction161 **** 5.3.1.3. The Buddha's Seed Nature162 *** 5.3.2. The Originally Pure Mind163 *** 5.3.3. Non-Emptiness and the Seed Nature168 *** 5.3.4. "Transforming the Base" (Skt. ''Āśrayaparavṛtti'': Chn. ''Zhuanyi'')170 * Chapter 6 . Conclusion: Yinshun's Hermeneutics173 ** 6.1. Overview of Yinshun's interpretation of ''Tathāgatagarbha'' Doctrine174 ** 6.2. Where to Go from Here193 * References205

A Study of Yogācāric Influence on Tathāgatagarbha Doctrine as Found in Laṅkāvatārasūtra +

** Approval Pageii ** Abstractiii ** Acknowledgementsv ** Dedicationvi ** Table of Contentsvii * CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION1 ** 1) A General Statement about This Study1 ** 2) A Brief Review of Related Research8 ** 3) Methodologies Employed in This Study9 * CHAPTER TWO: TATHĀGATAGARBHA THOUGHT PRIOR TO THE ''LAṄKĀVATĀRASŪTRA''11 ** 1) The ''Tathāgatagarbhasūtra''13 ** 2) The ''Śrīmālādevīsūtra''26 *** I Tathāgatagarbha and Ātman29 *** II Tathāgatagarbha and Śūnyatā32 *** III Tathāgatagarbha is Essentially Pure35 *** IV Tathāgatagarbha is the Supporting Cause37 * CHAPTER THREE: TATHĀGATAGARBHA DOCTRINE IN THE ''LAṄKĀVATĀRASŪTRA'' (1) — TATHĀGATANAIRĀTMYAGARBHA42 ** 1) A Brief Review of the Development of the Nairātmya Doctrine46 *** I "An-ātman" in Primitive Buddhism46 *** II "Niḥsvabhāva" in Madhyamaka School47 *** III "Twofold Nairātmya" in Yogācāra School49 ** 2) Relationship between Tathāgatagarbha and Nairātmya as Found in the ''Laṅkāvatārasūtra''52 *** I Tathāgatagarbha is Different from Ātman53 *** II Tathāgatagarbha is in Accordance with Nairātmya56 *** III Tathāgatagarbha and Śūnyatā are in Agreement59 ** 3) Tathāgatagarbha and the "Real and Eternal Mind-only"63 *** I Tathāgatagarbha is Essentially "Genuine Ātman"65 *** II Tathāgatagarbha is Essentially Aśūnya74 ** 4) Conclusion81 * CHAPTER FOUR: TATHĀGATAGARBHA DOCTRINE IN THE ''LAṄKĀVATĀRASŪTRA'' (2) — TATHĀGATAGARBHĀLAYAVIJÑĀNA82 ** 1) Meaning of Tathāgatagarbha as Cause Prior to the ''Laṅkāvatārasūtra''85 *** I The ''Śrīmālādevīsūtra''86 *** II The ''Anūnatvāpūrṇatva-nirdeśa-parivarta-sūtra''88 *** III The ''Ratna-gotra-vibhāga''90 ** 2) Tathāgatagarbha as Cause in the ''Laṅkāvatārasūtra''92 *** I Meaning of "Supporting Cause" Inherited from the Tathāgatagarbha Tradition93 *** II Meaning of "Producing Cause" Implanted from the Yogācāra School103 ** 3) Conclusion117 * CHAPTER FIVE: TATHĀGATAGARBHA DOCTRINE IN THE ''LAṄKĀVATĀRASŪTRA'' (3) — PARINIṢPĀNNASVABHĀVASTATHĀGATA- GARBHAHṚDAYA122 ** 1) Expansion And Extent of Tathāgatagarbha123 *** I Tathāgata-Wisdom in the ''Tathāgatagarbhasūtra''124 *** II "Tathāgata-Śūnyatā-Wisdom" and "Tathāgata-Realm" in the ''Śrīmālādevīsūtra''129 ** 2) Contents of the Term "Pariniṣpanasvabhāva"132 *** I Tathatā in the ''Saṃdhinirmocanasūtra'' and the ''Yogācāryabhūmiśāstra''134 *** II All the Pure Dharmas in the ''Mahāyānasaṃgrahaśāstra''139 ** 3) Pariniṣpanasvabhāvastathāgatagarbhahṛdaya in the ''Laṅkāvatārasūtra''141 ** 4) Conclusion151 * CHAPTER SIX: CONCLUSION155 * BIBLIOGRAPHY158

A Study on the Ratnagotravibhāga (Uttaratantra) +

* List of Abbreviationsix * Prefacexi * Introduction1 ** I. The Ratnagotravibhāga, its Text, Translation, and Traditions concering the Author5 *** 1. Text5 *** 2. Translations & Traditions concerning the Author6 ** II. The Structure of the Text10 *** 1. Basic Text and Commentary10 *** 2. Chinese Account of the Basic Verses12 *** 3. Supposed Form of the Original Text18 *** 4. The Commentary and Later Additions19 ** III. Keypoint of the Discourse20 *** 1. ''Ratnagotra'', the Germ of the Three Jewels20 *** 2. 4 Aspects of the Germ23 *** 3. The Absolute26 ** IV. Genealogy of the Tathāgatagarbha Theory32 *** 1. Sources of the Ratnagotravibhāga32 *** 2. ''Cittaprakrti'' and ''Āganutukakleśa''34 *** 3. ''Buddhajñana'' in the Avatamsaka35 *** 4. The Tathāgatagarbhasūtra36 *** 5. The Āryaśrīmālāsūtra37 *** 6. The Anūnatvâpūrnatvanirdeśa and the Mahāparinirvānasūtra39 *** 7. The Mahāyānasūtrâlankāra40 ** V. Works on the Tathāgatagarbha Theory Contemporary with or Succeeding the Ratna.45 *** 1. The Mahāyanadharmadhātvaviśesaśāstra45 *** 2. The Buddhagotraśastra47 *** 3. The Anuttarâśrayasūtra49 *** 4. The Lankāvatāra and the Mahāyānaśraddhôtpādaśāstra53 ** VI. The Position of the Ratna. in Mahāyāna Buddhism54 *** 1. The Ratna. as a Criticism on the Prajñāpāramitā54 *** 2. The Ratna. and the Vijñānavāda57 *** 3. Consideration on the Date and Authorship of the Ratna.61 * Synopsis of the Text63 * Translation and Notes135 <center>Chapter I. — The Matrix of the Tathāgata</center> * I. Introduction141 ** 1) The Meaning of the Adamantine Subjects141 ** 2) Authorities on the 7 Subjects 143 ** 3) The Essential Character of the 7 Subjects146 ** 4) The Inherent Connection among the 7 Subjects153 * II. The Jewel of the Buddha155 ** 1) The eightfold Quality of the Buddhahood156 ** 2) Reference to the ''Jñānâlokâlaṅkārasūtra''159 * III. The Jewel of the Doctrine163 ** 1) The Eightfold Quality of the Doctrine164 ** 2) ''Nirodhasatya'' & ''Mārgasatya''165 ** 3) The Doctrine as the Truth of Extinction165 ** 4) The Doctrine as the Truth of Path168 * IV. The Jewel of the Community172 ** 1) Manner and Extent of Perception173 *** a) Right Manner of Perception174 *** b) Unlimited Extent of Perception175 ** 2) Introspective Character of Bodhisattva’s Perception176 ** 3) Superiority of Bodhisattva’s Community176 * V. The 3 Jewels as Refuges180 ** 1) 3 Refuges from the Empirical Standpoint180 ** 2) The Doctrine and the Community are not the ultimate refuge181 ** 3) Only the Buddha is the Refuge from the ultimate Standpoint184 ** 4) The Meaning of the 3 Jewels185 * VI. The Germ of the 3 Jewels in 4 Aspects186 ** 1) Inconceivability of the 4 Aspects188 ** 2) The Germ as Cause and Conditions of the 3 Jewels in its 4 Aspects194 * VII. The Sermon: All Living Beings are possessed of the ''Tathāgatagarbha''196 * VIII. Analysis of the Germ from 10 Points of View199 ** (I) ''Svabhāva'' & (II) ''Hetu''200 *** 1) The Nature of the Essence of the Tathāgata200 *** 2) Obstructions and Causes for Purification201 ** (III) ''Phala'' & (IV) ''Karman''207 *** 1) The 4 Supreme Virtues as the Result of Purification208 *** 2) Concordance between the 4 Supreme Virtues and the 4 Causes for Purification210 *** 3) 4 Impediments to the Attainment of the Supreme Virtues214 *** 4) Motives of the 4 Supreme Virtues218 *** 4') The Unstable Nirvāṇa219 *** 5) Functions of the Germ for its Purification221 ** (V) Yoga225 *** 1) The Union of the Germ to the Factors of its Purification225 *** 2) The Union of the Germ to the Result of Purification227 ** (VI) ''Vṛtti'' (Manifestation)229 ** (VII) ''Avasthāprabheda'' (Different States of Manifestation)230 ** (VIII) ''Sarvatraga'' (All-pervadingness)233 ** (IX) ''Avikāra''234 *** (A) Unchangeability in the Impure State235 **** 1) Unoriginated Character of the Innate Mind238 **** 2) Indestructible Character of the Innate Mind241 *** (B) Unchangeability in the Pure-and-impure State243 **** 1) Pure Character and Impure Character of the Bodhisattva243 **** 2) Defilements endowed with the Virtuous Root245 **** 3) Bodhisattva’s Compassion — The Parable of a Householder246 **** 4) Bodhisattva’s Perception of the Pure Mind248 **** 5) ' ''Saṃsāra'' ' in the Case of Bodhisattva250 **** 6) Bodhisattva in his 6th Stage250 **** 7) The Pure and Impure State of the Bodhisattva in comparison with the Ordinary Being and the Buddha253 *** (C) Unchangeability in the Perfectly Pure State256 ** (X) ''Asaṃbheda''258 *** 1) Synonyms of the Essence of the Tathāgata259 *** 2) The Point: Buddhahood is Nirvāṇa261 *** 3) The Parable of Painters263 *** 4) Similarity of the Buddhahood to the Sun265 * IX. The 9 Illustrations on the Germ covered with Defilements268 ** 1) The 9 Illustrations according to the Tathāgatagarbhasūtra268 ** 2) 9 Kinds of Defilements — the Impurities of the Mind277 ** 3) Concordance between the 9 Illustrations and 9 Kinds of Defilements281 ** 4) The threefold Nature of the Essence283 *** a) ''Dharmakāya''284 *** b) ''Tathatā''287 *** c) ''Tathāgatagotra''288 * X. The Essential Characteristics of the Matrix of the Tathāgata294 ** 1) The Saying: ' All Living Beings are possessed of the Matrix of the Tathāgata ' is the Highest Logical Truth294 ** 2) The 4 Kinds of Individuals to whom the Faith in this Essence is necessary296 ** 3) The True Conception of the Matrix of the Tathāgata as representing Non-substantiality300 * XI. The Purpose of Instruction305 <center>Chapter II. — The Enlightenment</center> * XII. General Characteristics of the Reality free from Pollutions310 * XIII. 8 Points on the Undefiled Reality314 ** (I) ''Svabhāva'' & (II) ''Hetu''314 ** (III) ''Phala''315 ** (IV) ''Karman''318 ** (V) ''Yoga''322 ** (VI) ''Vṛtti''324 *** a) The Body of the Absolute Essence326 *** b) The Body of Enjoyment328 *** c) The Apparitional Body329 ** (VII) ''Nitya''331 ** (VIII) ''Acintya''334 <center>Chapter III. — The Properties of the Buddha</center> * XIV. General Characteristics of the Buddha’s Properties336 * XV. The 64 Properties of the Buddha338 ** (I) The 10 Powers338 ** (II) The 4 Forms of Intrepidity339 ** (III) The 18 Exclusive Properties341 ** (IV) The 32 Marks of the Superman343 *** (Commentary)347 <center>Chapter IV. — The Acts of the Buddha</center> * XVI. General Characteristics of the Acts of the Buddha351 * XVII. The 9 Illustrations on the Buddha's Acts355 ** 1) Buddha's Magnanimity355 ** 2) The 9 Illustrations taken from the ''Jñānâlokâlaṅkārasūtra''356 ** 3) Summary of the Illustrations given by the Commentator374 ** 4) Summary of Examples given in the Kārikās375 ** 5) Non-origination and Non-extinction of the Buddhahood377 ** 6) The Point of Dissimilarity377 <center>Chapter V. — The Merits of Faith</center> * XVIII. The Merits of Having Faith in the Doctrine of the Essence of Buddhahood380 ** 1) The Superiority of Faith to other Virtues in regard to their Merits380 ** 2) Authority, Motive, and Characteristics of this Text being the Correct Doctrine384 ** 3) Means of preserving oneself within the Doctrine386 ** 4) Causes and Results of the Loss of the Doctrine387 ** 5) Conclusion389 * Appendixes ** I. Supposed for of the Original Śloka-grantha393 ** II. Corrections & Emendations to the Sanskrit Text396 ** III. Description of the Ultimate Reality by Means of the Six Categories400 * Indexes ** 1. Index of Sanskrit Terms411 ** 2. Index of Works, Authors & Schools437

A Treasury of Mahāyāna Sūtras +

* Acknowledgementsvii * Prologueix **I. On Māyā and Miracles *** 1 The Prophecy of the Magician Bhadra's Attainment of Buddhahood (Sūtra 21)3 **II. On Emptiness *** 2 The Demonstration of the Inconceivable State of Buddhahood (Sūtra 35)27 *** 3 Flawless Purity: A Dialogue with the Laywomen Gaṅgottarā (Sūtra 31)37 *** 4 How to Kill the Sword of Wisdom (Sūtra 36)41 *** 5 A Discourse on Ready Eloquence (Sūtra 33)73 *** 6 Mañjuśrī's Discourse on the Pāramitā of Wisdom (Sūtra 46)100 *** 7 The Prophecy of Bodhisattva Fearless Virtue's Attainment of Buddhahood (Sūtra 32)115 *** 8 The Universal Dharma-Door to the Inconceivable (Sūtra 10)134 *** 9 The Inexhaustible Stores of Wisdom (Sūtra 20)149 *** 10 The Prediction of Mañjuśrī's Attainment of Buddhahood (Sūtra 15)164 **III. On the Light of the Tathāgata *** 11 The Manifestation of Lights (Sūtra 11)191 **IV. On Consciousness *** 12 The Elucidation of Consciousness (Sūtra 39)223 **V. On Virtue and Discipline *** 13 Bodhisattva Surata's Discourse (Sūtra 27)243 *** 14 Sumati’s Questions (Sūtra 30)256 *** 15 The Definitive Vinaya (Sūtra 24)262 *** 16 Abiding in Good and Noble Deportment (Sūtra 44)280 **VI. On Pure Land *** 17 The Dharma-Door of Praising Tathāgata Akṣobhya's Merits (Sūtra 6)315 *** 18 The Land of Utmost Bliss (Sūtra 5)339 **VII. On General Mahāyāna Doctrine *** 19 The True Lion's Roar of Queen Śrīmālā (Sūtra 48)363 *** 20 The Sūtra of Assembled Treasures (Sūtra 43)387 *** 21 Dialogue with Bodhisattva Infinite Wisdom (Sūtra 45)415 **VIII. On Skillful Means *** 22 On the Pāramitā of Ingenuity (Sūtra 38)427 ** Glossary469 ** Numerical Glossary487

Accessing Tibetan Tathāgatagarbha Interpretations based on The Ratnagotravibhāga +

* ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSi * ABBREVIATIONSii * CHARTSiv * INTRODUCTION1 * CHAPTER ONE: THE SOURCE TEXTS5 ** HISTORY6 *** ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' and ''Ratnagotravibhagavyākhyā''6 *** ''Authorship and date''9 *** ''Sanskrit Editions of RGV and RGVV''14 *** ''Chinese translations of RGVV''16 *** ''The RGV and RGVV in the Tibetan tradition''17 ** CONTENT21 *** ''Structure''21 *** ''Translation of Selected verses of RGV''31 *** ''Translation of the corresponding sections of RGVV''34 *** ''Critical Edition of Selected verse of RGV and their corresponding RGVV sections''40 ** CONCLUSION49 * CHAPTER TWO: THEORY AND PRACTICE51 ** THEORY AND PRACTICE WITHIN THE TRADITION52 *** ''Tathāgatagarbha''52 *** ''Tibetan Classifications of RGV & RGVV''55 *** ''Tibetan exegesis''58 ** CURRENT THEORY AND PRACTICE IN TIBETOLOGY60 *** ''Tathāgatagarbha''60 *** ''RGV studies''62 *** ''General observationos on Context, Sources and Classifications''71 ** CONCLUSION75 * CHAPTER THREE: METHODS77 ** HYPOTHESES77 ** METHODS CHOSEN78 ** CONCLUSION81 * CHAPTER FOUR: SURVEY82 *** ''Sources for information about RGV commentaries''83 *** ''Sources for information about commentators''84 *** ''Commentary titles''90 ** A PROVISIONAL LIST OF TIBETAN COMMENTARIES ON RGV & RGVV92 *** ''Information about authors whose commentaries are currently considered lost''93 *** ''Information about authors whose commentaries are in an uncertain location''100 *** ''Information about authors and their preserved RGV commentaries''108 *** ''Information about authors and their commentaries that are preserved and reproduced''114 ** CONCLUSION137 * CHAPTER FIVE: COMPARISON140 ** INTERPRETATIONS142 ** INFORMATION GAINED FROM INTERPRETATIONS210 *** ''Divergence in interpretations of The Main Thesis & Its Three Reasons''216 *** ''Isolation of main divergence''237 ** CONCLUSION244 * CHAPTER SIX: DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS246 * SANSKRIT EDITION OF THE SELECTED RGV VERSES250 * BIBLIOGRAPHY252 ** TIBETAN SOURCES252 ** TIBETAN COLLECTIONS255 ** TIBETAN REFERENCE WORKS257 ** SOURCES IN WESTERN LANGUAGES259 ** JAPANESE SOURCES270

Affirmation in Negation: A Study of the Tathāgatagarbha Theory in the Light of the Bodhisattva Practices +

* Introduction1 * Chapter One: The Term Tathāgatagarbha and Some of Its Synonyms8 ** 1. Tathāgatagarbha8 *** A. Tathāgata8 *** B. Garbha16 *** C. Tathāgatagarbha17 ** 2. Tathāgatagotra20 *** A. Gotra20 *** B. Tathāgatagotra37 ** 3. Dharmadhātu and Buddhadhātu40 *** A. Dhātu40 *** B. Dharmadhātu45 *** C. Buddhadhātu50 ** 4.Dharmakāya55 ** 5. Prakṛtipariśuddhacitta65 * Chapter Two: The Development of the Tathāgatagarbha Theory in India (1) —The Earlier Period74 ** 1. Sūtras:77 *** A. Tathāgatagarbha-sūtra77 *** B. Anūnatvāpūrṇatva-nirdeśa80 *** C. Śrīmālādevīsiṃhanāda-sūtra85 *** D. Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra95 *** E. Anuttarāśraya-sūtra103 *** F. Some Minor Sūtras104 ** 2. Śāstras:115 *** A. Ratnagotravibhāga-śāstra115 *** B. Mahāyānadharmadhātvaviśeṣa-śāstra126 ** 3. A Chart of the Chronological Order of these Works130 * Chapter Three: The Development of the Tathāgatagarbha Theory in India (2) —The Later Period131 ** 1. Sūtras:143 *** A. Suvarṇaprabhāsa-sūtra143 *** B. Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra149 *** C. Ghanavyūha-sūtra156 ** 2. Śāstras:160 *** A. The Buddha Nature Treatise160 *** B. Mahāyānaśraddhotpāda-śāstra167 * Chapter Four: The Development of the Tathāgatagarbha Theory in China173 ** 1. The Place of the Tathāgatagarbha theory in Different Kinds of P'an-chiao Systems174 ** 2. The Influence of the MPN in Chinese Buddhism181 *** A. The Issue of the Icchantikas181 *** B. Different Kinds of Buddha Nature184 *** C. The Direct Cause of Buddha Nature195 ** 3. The Buddha Nature in Some Chinese Buddhist Schools213 *** A. The Nieh-p'an School213 *** B. The T'ien-t'ai School219 *** C. The Hua-yen School225 *** D. The Ch'an School230 * Chapter Five: Refutation of Matsumoto's and Hakamaya's Criticism on the Tathāgatagarbha Theory241 ** 1. Fallacies Shared by Matsumoto and Hakamaya242 *** A. The Issue of Time versus Space243 *** B. The Issue of Unity versus Diversity247 *** C. The Issue of Permanence versus Impermanence250 ** 2. Extreme Views of Matsumoto's Criticism252 *** A. On the Concepts of Vimukti and Nirvāṇa252 *** B. On the Concept of Dharmakāya256 ** 3. Misconceptions of Hakamaya's Criticism261 *** A. On the Authoritarianism and the Lack of Real Altruism in the Theory of Fundamental Enlightenment263 *** B. On the Anti-religious Faith in the Theory of Fundamental Enlightenment270 * Chapter Six: A Comparison between the "Ātman" in the Tathāgatagarbha theory and That in the Upaniṣads277 ** 1. The "Ātman" in the Upaniṣads277 *** A. Ātman280 *** B. Brahman288 *** C. The Identification of Ātman and Brahman296 ** 2. Comparison of the Concept of ''Ātman'' in the Tathāgatagarbha Theory with That in the Upaniṣads303 *** A. Downward versus Upward303 *** B. Unitary Brahman versus Myriads of Buddhas307 *** C. Knowledge Leading to the Oneness with the Ātman/Brahman versus the Great Compassion for the Salvation of All315 * Chapter Seven: The Purpose of Postulating the Concept of Ātmapāramitā in the Tathāgatagarbha Theory329 ** 1. Controversy over the Concept of Anātman Depicted in the Early Canons330 *** A. The Doctrine of Anātman—the Negative Attitude towards the Idea of Ātman330 *** B. Having the Self for an Island—the Positive Attitude towards the Idea of Ātman335 *** C. The Silence of the Buddha—the Neutral Attitude towards the Idea of Ātman339 *** D. The Controversy over the Issue of Ātman versus Anātman in Buddhism345 **** (I)Those Who Maintain That There Is Absolutely No Self or Soul and Their Theories of Karman and Transmigration346 **** (II) The Other Side of the Controversy356 ** 2. The Absolute in the Mādhyamika and Yogācāra Schools366 *** A. The Concept of Anātman and the Absolute in the Mādhyamika School367 **** (I) The Concept of Anātman367 **** (II) Is the Supreme Truth the Absolute in the Mādhyamika Theory?375 *** B. The Concept of Ālayavijñāna and the Absolute in the Yogācāra School381 **** (I) The Substratum Consciousness—Ālayavijñāna383 **** (II) The Paramārtha-satya in the Yogācāra School391 ** 3. The Purpose of Postulating the Concept of Ātmapāramitā in the Tathāgatagarbha Theory395 * Chapter Eight: The Tathāgatagarbha Theory as a Support to the Bodhisattva Practices406 ** 1. The Tathāgatagarbha Theory and the Bodhisattva Path406 *** A. Buddhayāna Is the Only True Vehicle407 *** B. Bodhisattva Practices Are the Only Way to One's Salvation from the Saṃsāra422 ** 2. The Tathāgatagarbha Theory as a Support to the Bodhisattva Practices431 *** A. Tathāgatagarbha and the Bodhicittotpāda433 *** B. Tathāgatagarbha and the Bodhisattva Vows435 *** C. Tathāgatagarbha and the Six Pāramitās441 * Conclusion450 * Appendix A: Translation of the Tathāgatagarbha-sūtra454 ** I. Introductory Remarks454 ** II. The Translation457 *** Introduction457 *** Parable of the Metamorphosed Buddhas inside Lotuses464 *** Parable of the Honey Guarded by Countless Bees468 *** Parable of the Grain inside Husks470 *** Parable of the Gold in Impurities472 *** Parable of the Treasure under the Ground475 *** Parable of the Seed inside a Fruit478 *** Parable of the Golden Statue Wrapped in Rags480 *** Parable of the Embryo of Cakravartin in the Womb of a Poor Woman484 *** Parable of the Golden Image inside the Earthen Mold487 *** Merits of Recitation of This Sūtra490 *** The Jātaka Story of Bodhisattva Aparyantaprabha494 *** Conclusion503 * Appendix B: Glossary of Selected Technical Terms504 ** I. Sanskrit-English504 ** II. Chinese-English506 ** Ill. Japanese-English509 * Bibliography511

An Early Tibetan Survey of Buddhist Literature +

* '''Contents'''vi * '''Acknowledgements'''ix * '''Abbreviations'''x * '''Part One. Introduction'''1 ** 1. The Career of Bcom ldan ral gri3 ** 2. The Context of Bcom ldan ral gri's ''Bstan pa rgyas pa rgyan gyi nyi 'od'': A Preliminary Survey of the Production of Tibetan Canonical Collections under Mongol Rule9 *** 2.1 Canonical Collections before "Bka' 'gyur" and "Bstan 'gyur"9 *** 2.2 Early Canonical Production in the Sa skya Tradition14 *** 2.3 Canonical Production at Tshal and Elsewhere32 *** 2.4 Local Variation in the Contents of Early Kangyurs and Tengyurs41 *** 2.5 Bcom ldan ral gri and Debates on the Canonicity of the ''Guhyagarbha Tantra''46 ** 3. The Structure, Contents, and Date of the ''Bstan pa rgyas pa rgyan gyi nyi 'od''51 ** 4. Conventions71 ** '''Appendices'''x ** 1. Outline of the ''Bstan bcos kyi dkar chag'' by Dbus pa Blo gsal Rtsod pa'i seng ge (ca. 1270-ca. 1355)75 ** 2. Outline of Chapter Four of Bu ston Rin chen grub's (1290-1364) ''History''77 ** 3. A Comparison of Sections in the ''Lhan dkar ma, 'Phyang thang ma'', and ''Bstan pa rgyas pa rgyan gyi nyi 'od''85 ** 4. The '''Phang thang ma'' Section Titles in Bcom ldan ral gri's 1261 ''Thub pa'i bstan pa rgyan gyi me tog''87 ** 5. Section titles of the Zhwa lu/Sne'u gdong 1362 ''Bstan 'gyur''89 ** 6. Titles in the ''Bstan pa rgyas pa rgyan gyi nyi 'od'' corresponding to titles of missing works in Bu ston Rin chen grub's ''History''91 ** Select Bibliographies93 * '''Part Two. The ''Bstan pa rgyas pa rgyan gyi nyi 'od'''''102 ** Title104 ** Opening Verse104 ** 1. How Tibet Developed105 ** 2. How Buddhism Developed in Tibet108 ** 3. Prajñāpāramitā115 ** 4. Avatamsaka118 ** 5. Ratnakūta120 ** 6. Mahāyāna Sūtras124 ** 7. Hīnayāna Sūtras135 ** 8. Dhāranī140 ** 9. *Nāma, Pranidhāna, and Mangala150 ** 10. Sūtra Commentaries154 ** 11. Translations from Chinese and Khotanese159 ** 12. Vinaya163 ** 13. Abhidharma166 ** 14. Cittamātra Śāstra168 ** 15. Madhyamaka Śāstra171 ** 16. Bodhisattvacārya and Bhāvanākrama174 ** 17. Stotra177 ** 18. Guhyamantra180 ** 19. Tarka189 ** 20. Partial Unrevised Translations192 ** 21. How Translators, Scholars, Kings, and Ministers Appeared in Tibet213 ** 22. Translations by Lo tsā ba Rin chen bzang po197 ** 23. Translations by Students of Rin chen bzang po209 ** 24. Translations by Lo tsā ba Nag tsho Tshul khrims rgyal ba213 ** 25. Translations Just After Atiśa (ca. 982-ca.1054) Passed Away220 ** 26. Translations by 'Brog mi Lo tsā ba Blo ldan shes rab and Others228 ** 27. Translations by Rngog Lo tsā ba Blo ldan shes rab and Others237 ** 28. Translations by Pa tshab Lo tsā ba Nyi ma grags and Others245 ** 29. A Classification of Authentic and Inauthentic Sūtras, Tantra, and Śāstras255 ** 30. Works Composed up to the Era of Emperor Khri Ral pa can263 ** 31. Concluding Instruction274 * Concluding Verses277 * Colophon277 * Post-colophonic Gloss277

An Introduction to Buddhism (Takasaki) +

* Preface to the English Versioniii * A Note on Foreign Wordsviii * Introduction: What is Buddhism?1 ** Buddha, Dharma, and Saṃgha: The Three Constituents of Buddhism3 ** Taking Refuge in the Three Treasures5 ** The Absolute Nature of the Dharma8 ** Mahāyāna and Hīnayāna: The "Greater" and "Lesser" Vehicles11 ** The Buddhist Canon (''tri-piṭaka'')16 * I. The Life of Śākyamuni23 ** The Buddha Śākyamuni23 ** Biographies of the Buddha25 ** Birth and Renunciation28 ** Austerities and Enlightenment31 ** The Beginnings of Śākyamuni's Teaching Ministry: His First Sermon34 ** Dissemination of the Teaching and the Growth of the Community38 ** The Great Decease42 ** Erection of ''Stūpas'' and the First Council45 * II. The True Nature of the Buddha49 ** Designations of the Buddha50 ** Buddha and Tathāgata53 ** The Former Lives of the Buddha55 ** The Buddhas of the Three Ages59 ** The Buddhas of the Ten Directions61 ** Material Body and Dharma-Body64 ** The Theory of Three Bodies68 * III. Dharma: The Buddhist Conception of Truth70 ** The Meanings of ''Dharma''70 ** The Basis of the Teaching: Dependent Co-arising and the Four Noble Truths76 ** Śākyamuni's: Philosophical Position: The Ten or Fourteen Unanswerables85 ** "Dharma-seals": The Watchwords of Buddhism89 ** ''Saṃskāra'' and ''Dharma'': The Dependently Co-arisen96 ** ''Dharmatā'': The Principle of Dependent Co-arising100 ** The Conception· of Truth in Mahāyāna Buddhism104 ** Supreme Truth and Conventional Truth105 * IV. ''Sarva-dharmāh'': The Constituent Elements of Existence107 ** The Classification of the Constituent Elements of Existence in the Early Canon: The Five Aggregates, Twelve Sense-Fields, and Eighteen Realms107 ** The Sarvāstivādin Classification of the Constituent Elements of Existence: The Five Categories and Seventy-five Elements114 ** The Sarvāstivādin Theory of the Elements: The Elements Exist Eternally120 ** The Mahāyānist Conception of the Elements: All is Empty126 * V. Transmigration, Karma, and Mental Defilements128 ** Transmigratory Existence: The Three Realms and Six Paths128 ** Karma137 ** Mental Defilements141 ** The Twelvefold Chain of Dependent Co-arising149 * VI. The Path to Enlightenment163 ** Nirvāṇa and Enlightenment163 ** The Mahāyānist Conception of Nirvāṇa168 ** The Path to Enlightenment170 ** The Noble Eightfold Path172 ** The Three Disciplines: Morality, Meditation, and Wisdom174 ** Faith and Practice188 ** Practices for· the Welfare of Others191 ** The Practices of the Bodhisattva: The Six Perfections193 * VII. Mind: The Agency of Practice198 ** No-self and Subjective Agency198 ** Mind (''citta'', ''manas'', and ''vijñāna'')200 ** Mind-only and Cognition-only205 ** The Innately Pure Mind and the Embryo of the Tathāgata215 ** Enlightenment and Salvation223 * VIII. The Ideal Practitioner227 ** The Concept "Man"227 ** Ordinary Man and Holy Man228 ** The Stages of the Bodhisattva233 ** "One Vehide" and "Three Vehicles"240 * IX. The Precepts and the Organization of the Community246 ** The Meaning of ''Saṃgha''246 ** The Organization of the Community250 ** Community Regulations255 * X. The History of Buddhism263 ** 1. Buddhism in India and the Surrounding Lands264 *** The Basic Schism264 *** The Mauryan Dynasty and Dissemination to Sri Lanka266 *** The Kushan Dynasty and the Northern Tradition of Buddhism267 *** The Characteristics of Schismatic Buddhism268 *** The Birth of Mahāyāna Buddhism269 *** The Mādhyamika and Yogācāra Schools270 *** The Age of Esoteric Buddhism272 *** Tibetan Buddhism275 *** The Southern Tradition of Buddhism277 *** The Revival of Buddhism in India278 ** 2. Chinese Buddhism279 *** The Introduction of Buddhism279 *** Buddhism Takes Root: The Period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties280 *** The Establishment of Chinese Buddhism: The Sui and T'ang Dynasties283 *** Subsequent Developments290 ** 3. Korean Buddhism290 ** 4. Japanese Buddhism293 *** The Introduction of Buddhism and Prince Shōtoku293 *** The Sects of the Nara Period294 *** The Tendai and Shingon Sects297 *** The Rise of the Pure Land Teachings300 *** The Introduction of the Zen Sects301 *** The Nichiren and Ji Sects303 *** Buddhism since the Muromachi Period305 * Sources309 * Select Bibliography315 * General Index325 * Character Index352 * The Author; the Translator375

Approaching the Great Perfection +

* Prefacexi * List of Abbreviationsxv * Part I: Introduction1 * Chapter One: Approaches to Enlightenment3 ** The Great Perfection3 ** Simultaneous and Gradual11 * Chapter Two: Jigme Lingpa21 ** The Life and Education of Jigme Lingpa21 ** Jigme Lingpa's Works25 * Chapter Three: The Longchen Nyingtig31 ** 1. Treasure Texts31 ** 2. Revelation, Writing, and Publishing34 ** 3. The Contents of the Longchen Nyingtig40 * Part II: Simultaneous and Gradual49 * Chapter Four: Immanence and Distinction51 ** 1. Key Concepts of the Seminal Heart51 ** 2. Immanence54 ** 3. Distinction56 ** 4. Reconciling Immanence with Distinction: The Buddha Nature63 * Chapter Five: The Simultaneous Approach71 ** 1. Criticism of Causal Practice71 ** 2. Criticism of Inferior Approaches76 ** 3. The Rejection of Stages in Realization91 * Chapter Six: The Gradual Approach93 ** 1. Graduated Practice within the Longchen Nyingtig93 ** 2. Levels of Realization106 * Chapter Seven: Interpretation and Reconciliation115 ** 1. Simultaneous and Gradual Realization: The Levels of Ability115 ** 2. The Manifestation of Enlightenment: The Khyung Bird124 ** Chapter Eight: Conclusions129 * Part III: Translations133 * Technical note on the translations135 *Treasure Texts ** 1. The Great Perfection Tantra of the Expanse of Samantabhadra's Wisdom (YLG)137 ** 2. The Subsequent Tantra of Great Perfection Instruction (GP)148 ** 3. Experiencing the Enlightened Mind of Samantabhadra (KGN)155 ** 4. Distinguishing the Three Essential Points of the Great Perfection (NSB)162 *Pure Visions ** 5. An Aspirational Prayer for the Ground, Path, and Result(ML)167 ** 6. Vajra Verses on the Natural State (DTK)170 *Supporting Texts ** 7. The White Lotus (PK)173 ** 8. The Words of the Omniscient One (KZL)208 ** 9. The Lion's Roar That Destroys the Deviations of Renunciants Meditating on the Seminal Heart (SN)225 ** 10. Seeing Nakedly the Natural State of the Great Perfection (NCT)235 * Part IV: Critical Editions239 * Technical note on the critical editions241 ** 1. rDzogs pa chen po kun tu bzang po ye shes klong gi rgyud243 ** 2. Man ngag rdzogs pa chen po rgyud phyi ma251 ** 3. Kun tu bzang po'i dgongs nyams255 ** 4. rDzogs pa chen po'i gnad gsum shan byed259 ** 5. gZhi lam bras bu'i smon lam261 ** 6. gNas lugs rdo rje tshig rkang263 ** 7. rGyab brten padma dkar po264 ** 8. Kun mkhyen zhal lung288 ** 9. Gol shor tshar gcod sengge ngar ro300 ** 10. rDzogs pa chen po gnas lugs cer mthong307 * Appendix I311 * Appendix II319 * Appendix III321 * Notes325 * Bibliography367 * Index383

Awakening the Sleeping Buddha +

* Introductionvii * 1 Buddha Nature1 * 2 Bodhichitta 23 * 3 Reincarnation and Karma 49 * 4 Emptiness 85 * 5 Tantric Science 107 * 6 Transformation 123 * 7 Enlightenment 139 * 8 Mahamudra 153 * Glossary 169 +

Açvagosha's Discourse on the Awakening of Faith in the Mahāyāna +

* Introduction1 **Date, 2; Nativity and Peregrination, I7; Appellations, 20; Converversion, 24; Lists of Patriarchs, 32; As an Artist, 34; Works in Chinese Translations, 36; Chinese Translations of the "Discourse on the Awakening of Faith," 38; Outlines of the "Discourse on the Awakening of Faith," 41. * Adoration46 * Discourse48 **I. Introductory, 49; II. General Statement, 52; Ill. The Explanation, 55; IV. Practice of Faith, 127; V. Benefits, 146. * Glossary151 * Index155 +

B

Bde gshegs snying po rigs kyi chos skor +

* སྔོན་གླེང་ངོ་སྤྲོད་xi * དཔེ་སྐྲུན་གསལ་བཤད་xxxix * ༡ བདེ་གཤེགས་སྙིང་པོ་གསལ་བར་བྱེད་པ་མཛེས་བྱེད་ཀྱི་རྒྱན། བུ་སྟོན་རིན་ཆེན་གྲུབ། 3-63 * ༢ བདེ་གཤེགས་སྙིང་པོ་བསྟན་པ་ 65-69 * ༣ དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས་པའི་སྙིང་པོ་བསྟན་པའི་བསྟན་བཅོས་ཀྱི་མཆན་འགྲེལ། ཀརྨ་པ་མཁའ་ཁྱབ་རྡོ་རྗེ། 71-88 * ༤ ཐེག་པ་ཆེན་པོ་རྒྱུད་བླ་མའི་བསྟན་བཅོས་ལེགས་པར་བཤད་པ། རོང་སྟོན་ཤཱཀྱ་རྒྱལ་མཚན། 89-206 ** ལེའུ་དང་པོ། དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས་པའི་སྙིང་པོའི་ལེའུ་ 89-149 ** ལེའུ་གཉིས་པ། བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་ལེའུ་ 150-166 ** ལེའུ་གསུམ་པ། ཡོན་ཏན་གྱི་ལེའུ་ 167-176 ** ལེའུ་བཞི་པ། དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས་པའི་འཕྲིན་ལས་མཛད་པའི་ལེའུ་ 177-197 ** ལེའུ་ལྔ་པ། ཕན་ཡོན་གྱི་ལེའུ་ 198-206 * ༥ ཆོས་དབྱིངས་བསྟོད་པའི་འགྲེལ་པ་ཆོས་ཀྱི་དབྱིངས་རྣམ་པར་ངེས་པ། ཤཱཀྱ་མཆོག་ལྡན། 207-238 * ༦ རིགས་ཀྱི་སྤྱི་དོན། རྗེ་བཙུན་ཆོས་ཀྱི་རྒྱལ་མཚན། 239-287 * ༧ བདེ་གཤེགས་སྙིང་པོའི་སྟོང་ཐུན་ཆེན་མོ་སེངྒེའི་ང་རོ། འཇུ་མི་ཕམ་རྣམ་རྒྱལ་རྒྱ་མཚོ། 289-316 * ཞུ་སྒྲིག་པའི་མཆན་317-352 * ལུང་འདྲེན་ཕྱག་དཔེའི་མཚན་གཞུང་ 353-357 * ཞུ་སྒྲིག་པའི་ཁུངས་བཅོལ་གྱི་ཡིག་ཆ་ཁག་359-362 +

Buddha Nature (Sallie King) +

* Prefaceix * Abbreviationsxi * Chapter One: Introduction 1 ** A. The Role of the Buddha Nature Concept 1 ** B. Terms 3 ** C. History 5 ** D. The Text of the ''Buddha Nature Treatise'' 23 ** E. The ''Buddha Nature Treatise'' and Chinese Buddhist Thought 27 * Chapter Two: The Concept of Buddha Nature 29 ** A. Taking the Semantic Ascent 29 ** B. Refutation of Other Views 30 ** C. The Essence of Buddha Nature 40 *** 1. The Buddha Nature as Three Causes 40 *** 2. The Three Natures (''Trisvabhāva'') 42 *** 3. ''Tathāgatagarbha'' 48 * Chapter Three: Soteriology: Buddha Nature as the Practice of Buddhism 57 ** A. ''Āśrayaparāvṛtti'' 58 ** B. ''Dharmakāya'' and ''Nirvāṇa'' 65 ** C. ''Trikāya: Sambhogakāya'' and ''Nirmāṇakāya'' 72 ** D. The Relationship Between Person and Buddha 80 * Chapter Four: Dereification of Self and Mind 83 ** A. The "Own-Nature" of Buddha Nature 83 ** B. ''Ātmapāramitā'' 86 ** C. Self 92 ** D. Pure Mind 92 ** E. ''Dharmakāya'' and "Self" 94 ** F. Mind 95 * Chapter Five: Ontology: Monism vs. Nondualism 99 ** A. All Sentient Beings Possess the Buddha Nature 103 ** B. The ''Pāramitā'' 104 ** C. ''Śūnya-Aśūnya'' 107 ** D. Buddha Nature Exists Aboriginally 111 ** E. Unborn and Unchanging 112 * Chapter Six: Engaging in Spiritual Cultivation 117 * Chapter Seven: Buddha Nature and the Concept of Person 137 ** A. The Ontological-Metaphysical Dimension 139 ** B. The Existential Dimension 144 ** C. A Final Question 150 * Chapter Eight: Retrospective and Prospective 153 ** A. Retrospective: Summary of the Text 153 ** B. The ''Buddha Nature Treatise'' and Chinese Buddhist Thought 156 ** C. Buddha Nature Thought and Western Buddhism 169 * Notes 173 * Glossary 185 * Index 201

Buddha Nature (Shamar) +

* Preface by Jigme Rinpocheix * Preface by the translatorxi * Introduction by the translator1 * '''Buddha Nature:'''13 **Our Potential for Wisdom, **Compassion, and Happiness * Ignorance does not have a concrete beginning, but it does have an end15 * Scriptural sources19 * Mind, the foundation of everything21 * Begin with bodhicitta25 * Buddha wisdom, the true nature of mind29 ** The thirty-two qualities of the dharmakāya29 ** The ten powers (qualities 1-10)29 ** The four types of fearlessness (qualities 11-14)34 ** The eighteen qualities exclusive to buddhas37 *** Behavior and way of training sentient beings37 ***(qualities 15-20) *** The realization of buddhas (qualities 21-26)40 *** The activity of buddhas (qualities 27-29)42 *** The wisdom of buddhas (qualities 30-32)43 ** How can qualities be present but not manifest?43 ** The special qualities of the form kāyas46 ** Purification of obscurations50 ** The all-accomplishing wisdom52 ** The wisdom that knows the variety of appearances54 ** The wisdom of equality55 ** The difference between an arhat and a buddha55 ** The form kāyas do not resemble an ordinary body56 ** Ignorance and illusory appearances do not reoccur56 ** Buddha nature resembles gold ore57 ** Purification: its basis, object, method, and result58 *** The basis of purification58 *** The object of purification58 *** The method of purification59 *** The result of purification59 * Concluding advice61 * '''Revealing Buddha Nature'''63 *A treatise by the 3rd Karmapa, Rangjung Dorje * Endnotes79 * About the Author83 * About the Translator85

Buddha Nature Across Asia +

* Editor's Introduction9 *1. Varieties of Early Buddha Nature Teaching in India ** ''Christopher V. Jones''25 *2. The ''Mahāyānottaratantraśāstropadeśa'' of Sajjana: A Reading Sanskrit Text and Annotated Translation ** ''Kazuo Kano''55 *3. From Buddha Nature to Original Enlightenment: "Contemplating Suchness" in Medieval Japan ** ''Jacqueline I. Stone''93 *4. How the Concepts of Buddha Nature and Original Enlightenment Were Interpreted by Shinran ** ''Seiji Kumagai''123 *5. The Basis for Buddhahood: The Naturally Luminous Mind and Buddha Nature in the Early Mahāmudrā Tradition ** ''Casey Kemp''139 *6. A Meditation-Oriented Approach to Buddha Nature as Seen by Early Kagyü Masters ** ''Martina Draszczyk''171 *7. Preliminary Notes on the Notion of Buddha Nature in the ''Single Intention'' ** ''Katrin Querl''193 *8. Jigten Sumgön's View of Buddha Nature and How Confusion Distinguishes a Sentient Being from a Buddha ** ''Khenpo Konchok Tamphel''219 *9. Images of Emptiness in a Prognostic Mirror: Tantric Zhentong Visions of Tathāgatagarbha in Early Jonang Kālacakra Yoga Manuals ** ''Michael R. Sheehy''229 *10. Shangton Sönam Drakpa's Defense of Dölpopa Sherab Gyaltsen's Ground Consciousness ** ''Klaus-Dieter Mathes''261 *11. Buddha Nature through the Eyes of Gorampa Sönam Sengé ** ''Khenpo Ngawang Jorden''291 *12. Buddha Nature and Selfhood: Critical Reflections by the Eighth Karmapa Mikyö Dorjé ** ''David Higgins''317 *13. The Role of the ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' in Tāranātha's ''Great Madhyamaka Vehicle'' ** ''Sina Joos''349 *14. Empty of True Existence, Yet Full of Qualities: Ngawang Tsoknyi Gyatso on Buddha Nature ** ''Filippo Brambilla''377 *15. Sentient Beings Within: Buddha Nature and the Great Perfection ** ''Douglas Duckworth''423 *16. The Impact of a Zhentong Interpretation of Tathāgatagarbha Doctrine from the Point of View of a Western Buddhist Practitioner ** ''Shenpen Hookham''447 ** About the Authors469 ** Index475

Buddha Nature Reconsidered +

'''Volume One''' * Acknowledgements11 * Preface 13 ** Chapter 1: Introduction 27 ** Chapter 2: Doctrinal Background ** 1. Introductory remarks 57 ** 2. An outline of buddha nature [by Karma phrin las], translation 60 ** 3. Key points in Karma phrin las pa’s outline of buddha nature 72 ** 3.1. Tathāgatagarbha concepts in early Indian Buddhist sources 72 ** 3.2. Tathāgatagarbha concepts in Indo-Tibetan Mahāyāna sources73 ** 3.3. Rang byung rdo rje’s Karma bka’ brgyud position on buddha nature74 ** 4. Critical edition of Karma phrin las pa’s outline of buddha nature78 ** Chapter 3: The Eighth Karma pa’s Central Claims About Buddha Nature ** 1. Introductory remarks83 ** 2. Sixteen central claims regarding buddha nature85 ** 2.1. Buddha nature exists equally in everyone from ordinary beings to buddhas85 ** 2.2. Buddha nature discourses are of definitive meaning (nītārtha)95 ** 2.3. The “nature” (garbha) of a buddha is actual, not nominal 101 ** 2.4. The gotra is not metaphorical (upacāra), but attributions of cause and result are106 ** 2.5. Buddha nature is buddhahood obscured by defilements111 ** 2.6. The three phases of buddha nature indicate progressive degrees of disclosure116 ** 2.7. The classification of three vehicles has a hidden intent (ābhiprāyika); the one vehicle (ekayāna) doctrine is definitive (lākṣaṇika)120 ** 2.8. The unfolded gotra is the naturally present gotra awakened through virtue131 ** 2.9. Resultant buddha nature may be equated with dharmakāya136 ** 2.10. Buddha nature is not emptiness as a nonaffirming negation (med dgag)141 ** 2.11. Buddha nature is not a basis established (gzhi grub) by valid cognition151 ** 2.12. The identification of buddha nature and ālayavijñāna is provisional162 ** 2.13. Buddha nature is not a self (coarse or subtle) but is selflessness204 ** 2.14. Buddha nature is only fully revealed in Mantrayāna thought and praxis226 ** 2.15. Buddha nature is natural awareness (tha mal gyi shes pa)241 ** 2.16. Buddha nature consists in the unity of the two truths 257 ** 3. Conclusion276 '''Volume Two''' '''1.''' '''''The Lamp of Fine Discernment Regarding the Tradition of the Gzhan stong Madhyamaka Proponents''''' * 1.1. Introduction11 * 1.2. Annotated Translation: ''The Lamp of Fine Discernment Regarding the Tradition of the Gzhan stong Madhyamaka Proponents'' ('"`UNIQ--nowiki-0000006F-QINU`"'''Lamp'')15 * 1.3. Critical Edition: ''Dbu ma gzhan stong smra ba 'i srol legs par phye ba 'i sgron me zhes bya ba bzhugs so'' ('"`UNIQ--nowiki-00000070-QINU`"' LG)50 '''2.''' '''''The Nerve Tonic for the Elderly''''' * 2.1. Introduction73 * 2.2. Annotated Translation: ''The Nerve Tonic for the Elderly'', also known as ''The Sublime Fragrance of Nectar'' ('"`UNIQ--nowiki-00000071-QINU`"' ''Tonic'')76 * 2.3. Critical Edition: ''Rgan po'i rlung sman'', also known as ''Dpyad pa bdud dri mchog '' ('"`UNIQ--nowiki-00000072-QINU`"' GL)137 '''3.''' '''''Buddha Nature and Dharmakāya''''' * 3.1. Introduction171 * 3.2. Annotated Translation: ''Buddha Nature and Dharmakāya: A Reply to Queries''172 * 3.3. Critical Edition: ''Bde gshegs snying po dang chos sku'i dris lan''174 '''4.''' '''''Buddha Nature and Emptiness Imbued with Compassion''''' * 4.1. Introduction177 * 4.2. Annotated Translation of an Excerpt from Mi bskyod rdo rje's ''Single Intent Commentary'' (''Intent'') on 'Jig rten gsum mgon's ''Single Intent'' (''Dgongs gcig'') Vajra Precepts 1.27–28178 * 4.3. Critical Edition: ''Dgongs gcig kar ṭīg'' ('"`UNIQ--nowiki-00000073-QINU`"' GC) excerpt188 '''5.''' '''''Buddha Nature and the Substratum''''' * 5.1. Introduction197 * 5.2. Annotated Translation of an Excerpt from Mi bskyod rdo rje's ''Single Intent Commentary'' on 'Jig rten gsum mgon's ''Single Intent'' Vajra Precept 8.36197 * 5.3. Critical Edition: ''Dgongs gcig kar ṭīg'' excerpt230 '''6.''' '''''Buddha Nature and the Two Truths''''' * 6.1. Introduction to Excerpts [A-B] from Mi bskyod rdo rje's ''Explanation of the Direct Introduction to the Three Embodiments'' ('"`UNIQ--nowiki-00000074-QINU`"' ''Embodiments'')255 * 6.2. Annotated Translation [A]: On the Unity of the Two Truths258 * 6.3. Critical Edition [A]: ''Sku gsum ngo sprod rnam bshad'' ('"`UNIQ--nowiki-00000075-QINU`"' KN) excerpt268 * 6.4. Annotated Translation [B]: On Buddha Nature in the Context of the Two Truths277 * 6.5. Critical Edition [B]: ''Sku gsum ngo sprod rnam bshad'' excerpt287 '''7.''' '''''Buddha Nature and the Tantric Causal Continuum''''' * 7.1. Introduction to Excerpts [A–D] from Mi bskyod rdo rje's ''Explanation of the Direct Introduction to the Three Embodiments''295 * 7.2. Annotated Translation [A]: On the Connection Between the Three Continua297 * 7.3. Critical Edition [A]: ''Sku gsum ngo sprod rnam bshad'' excerpt305 * 7.4. Annotated Translation [B]: On the Refutation of Other Views of the Causal Continuum312 * 7.5. Critical Edition [B]: ''Sku gsum ngo sprod rnam bshad'' excerpt328 * 7.6. Annotated Translation [C]: On the Presentation of Our Own System339 * 7.7. Critical Edition [C]: ''Sku gsum ngo sprod rnam bshad'' excerpt345 * 7.8. Annotated Translation [D]: On the Purity of the Causal Continuum347 * 7.9. Critical Edition [D]: ''Sku gsum ngo sprod rnam bshad'' excerpt351 '''8.''' '''''Buddha Nature and the Tantric Path Continuum''''' * 8.1. Introduction to Excerpts [A–B] from Mi bskyod rdo rje's ''Explanation of the Direct Introduction to the Three Embodiments''355 * 8.2. Annotated Translation [A]: On Buddha Nature's Inherent Qualities357 * 8.3. Critical Edition [A]: ''Sku gsum ngo sprod rnam bshad'' excerpt366 * 8.4. Annotated Translation [B]: On the Summary of the Creation and the Completion Stages371 * 8.5. Critical Edition [B]: ''Sku gsum ngo sprod rnam bshad'' excerpt377 '''9.''' '''''Buddha Nature and the Tantric Resultant Continuum''''' * 9.1. Introduction381 * 9.2. Annotated Translation: Excerpt on Buddha Nature, the Tantric Resultant Continuum from Mi bskyod rdo rje's ''Explanation of the Direct Introduction to the Three Embodiments''382 * 9.3. Critical Edition: ''Sku gsum ngo sprod rnam bshad'' excerpt390 '''Bibliography''' * Abbreviations of Collections, Editions, and Institutes397 * Primary Sources: Indian Works397 * Primary Sources: Tibetan Works404 * Secondary Sources416 * Index433

Buddha Nature Sutras +

'''Table of Contents for the Nirvana Sutra''' * Chapter One: IntroductoryV1 * Chapter Two: On CundaV58 * Chapter Three: On GriefV93 * Chapter Four: On Long LifeV136 * Chapter Five: On the Adamantine BodyV179 * Chapter Six: On the Virtue of the NameV199 * Chapter Seven: On the Four AspectsV204 * Chapter Eight: On the Four DependablesV321 * Chapter Nine: On Wrong and RightV373 * Chapter Ten: On the Four TruthsV408 * Chapter Eleven: On the Four lnversionsV413 * Chapter Twelve: On the Nature of the TathāgataV417 * Chapter Thirteen: On LettersV465 * Chapter Fourteen: On the Parable of the BirdsV479 * Chapter Fifteen: On the Parable of the MoonV494 * Chapter Sixteen: On the BodhisattvaV505 * Chapter Seventeen: On the Questions Raised by the CrowdV559 '''Table of Contents for the Srimaladevi Sutra''' * Chapter 1: Praises of the unlimited merit of the World Honored OneV1 * Chapter 2: The ten inconceivable Bodhisattva vowsV8 * Chapter 3: The great aspiration that contains all aspirationsV21 * Chapter 4: The inconceivable acceptance of the Correct DharmaV23 * Chapter 5: The way to enter the EkayanaV52 * Chapter 6: The limitless Noble truthsV88 * Chapter 7: The TathagatagarbhaV91 * Chapter 8: The DharmakayaV96 * Chapter 9: The true understanding of the meaning of emptinessV97 * Chapter 10: The One TruthV99 * Chapter 11: The One Refuge is eternal and unchangingV100 * Chapter 12: The wrong viewsV100 * Chapter 13: The inherently pure mind that is obscured by defilementsV105 * Chapter 14: The True Sons and Daughters of the World Honored OneV111 * Chapter 15: Queen Srimala and her Lion's roarV113 '''Table of Contents for the Infinite Life Sutra''' * The Assembly of Shravakas and BodhisattvasV1 * The deeds and virtues of the BodhisattvasV4 * The Buddha's glorious ImageV20 * The prior fifty three BuddhasV27 * Dharmakara's hymns, praises, and vowsV28 * Dharmakara aspires to establish a Buddha landV40 * Dharmakara's forty eight vowsV49 * Dharmakara confirms his vows and resolutionV98 * Dharmakara's Bodhisattva practices and meritsV105 * Dharmakara becomes Amitabha BuddhaV112 * Description of Amitabha Buddha's Pure Land V114 * Amitabha's beautiful lightV118

Buddha Nature and Animality +

* Acknowledgementsv * Contributorsix *Introduction: ''Toward an Ecology of Compassion—Homo Specialis, Animality, and Buddha-Nature'' ** David Jones1 *''Buddha Animals'' ** Jason M. Wirth13 *''Jataka, Pancatantra, and the Rhetoric of Animalia in South Asia'' ** Thomas A. Forsthoefel23 *''Buddha-nature and Bodhicitta: Animals and Humans in Dramatic Ensembles Intent upon Enlightenment'' ** Peter D. Hershock41 *''Animal Forms and Formlessness: The Protean Quality of Buddha Nature in Chinese Martial Arts'' ** Harriette Grissom59 *''Does a Dog See Into its Buddha-Nature? Re-posing the Question of Animality/Humanity in Zen Buddhism'' ** Bret W. Davis83 *''Asking the Question: Do Animals Have Buddha-Nature'' ** Thomas Pynn127 *''Zen Eye Hunter, Zen Eye Hunted: Revealing the Animal Face of Buddha-Nature'' ** Brian Schroeder149 *''One Cell, Symbiosis, and the Buddha's Broken Karmic Wheel: A Legacy of an Ancient Bacterium'' ** Keiko Takioto Miller165 *''Animality and Desire in the Buddhist Monastic Code'' ** Jennifer L. Manlowe185 *''Animal Buddhas'' ** David Jones195 * Index205 +

Buddha Nature and Preliminary Prayers and Their Explanations +

*'''Chapter 1:''' * Buddha Nature1 *'''Chapter 2:''' *Preliminary Prayers & Their Explanations: * (1) Refuge Prayer27 * (2) Prayer to Develop Bodhicitta27 * (3) The Four Immeasurables Prayer56 * (4) The Seven-Limbs Prayer65 +

Buddha Nature: A Festschrift in Honor of Minoru Kiyota +

* Preface: The Making of a Modern Buddhologistv * Introduction1 * José Ignacio Cabezón ** "The Canonization of Philosophy and the Rhetoric of Siddhānta in Tibetan Buddhism"7 * Roger Gregory-Tashi Corless ** "Lying to Tell the Truth—Upāya in Mahāyāna Buddhism and Oikonomia in Alexandrian Christianity"27 * Paul J. Griffiths ** "Painting Space with Colors: Tathagātagarbha in the ''Mahāyānasūttrālaṅkāra''-Corpus IX.22-37"41 * William G. Grosnick ** "Buddha Nature as Myth"65 * Jamie Hubbard ** "Perfect Buddhahood, Absolute Delusion—The Universal Buddha of the San-chieh-chiao"75 * Roger R. Jackson ** "Luminous Mind. Among the Logicians—An Analysis of Pramāṇavārttika II.205-211"95 * John P. Keenan ** "The Doctrine of Buddha Nature In Chinese Buddhism—Hui-K'ai on Paramārtha"125 *Sallie B. King ** "Buddha Nature Thought and Mysticism"139 *Heng-ching Shih ** "T'ien-T'ai Chih-I's Theory of Buddha Nature—A Realistic and Humanistic Understanding of the Buddha"153 *Paul L Swanson ** "T'ien-t'ai Chih-i's Concept of Threefold Buddha Nature—A Synergy of Reality, Wisdom, and Practice"171 * Contributors183 * Index185 +

Buddha Nature: Ten Teachings on the Uttaratantra Shastra +

* Foreword7 * Introduction9 * The Buddha21 * The Dharma37 * The Sangha47 * Buddha Nature47 * Enlightenment91 * Qualities105 * Buddha Activity121 * Conclusion133 * Glossary137 +

Buddha Nature: The Mahayana Uttaratantra Shastra +

* Foreword by Tenzin Dorjee 8 * Preface by Rosemarie Fuchs 10 * Introduction by Acharya Lodrö Namgyal 12 * '''Part One: Root Text''' 17 * 1. Tathagatagarbha 19 ** Introduction 19 ** The First Three Vajra Points: The Three Jewels 20 *** Buddha 20 *** Dharma 20 *** Sangha 21 ** The Three Refuges 22 ** The Last Four Vajra Points 22 ** The Fourth Vajra Point: The Element 23 * 2. The Fifth Vajra Point: Enlightenment 43 * 3. The Sixth Vajra Point: Qualities 53 * 4. The Seventh Vajra Point: Activity 59 * 5. Benefit 73 * '''Part Two: Commentary, The Unassailable Lion’s Roar''' 79 * Table of Contents 81 * 1. Tathagatagarbha 97 ** Introduction 97 ** The First Three Vajra Points: The Three Jewels 101 *** The First Vajra Point: Buddha 101 *** The Second Vajra Point: Dharma 105 *** The Third Vajra Point: Sangha 108 ** The Three Refuges 112 ** The Last Four Vajra Points 114 ** The Fourth Vajra Point: The Element 117 * 2. The Fifth Vajra Point: Enlightenment 182 * 3. The Sixth Vajra Point: Qualities 218 * 4. The Seventh Vajra Point: Activity 238 * 5. Benefit 283 * '''Part Three: Explanations by Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso Rinpoche''' 299 * '''Part Four: Translator’s Notes''' 391

Buddha-Nature and Emptiness +

* PREFACE * Introduction i * PART I: Historical and Doctrinal Background 5 ** Chapter 1: The Authorship of the ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' and Its Transmission in India from the 5th to the 10th Century 17 ** Chapter 2: The Resurrection of the ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' in India in the Early 11th Century: Maitripa and Jñānasrimitra 43 ** Chapter 3: Ratnakarasanti’s Understanding of Buddha-nature 71 ** Chapter 4: The Transmission of the ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' in East India from the 11th to the 13th Century: From Prajñākaramati to Vibhūticandra 97 ** Chapter 5: The Kashmiri Tradition of the ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' Exegesis in the 11th and 12th Centuries: Sajjana and his Circle 135 ** Chapter 6: Six Tibetan Translations of the ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' 155 ** Conclusion 181 * PART II: rNgog Blo-ldan-shes-rab and His Doctrinal Position 189 ** Chapter 7: The Life and Works of rNgog Blo-ldan-shes-rab 191 ** Chapter 8: rNgog’s Doctrinal Positions in Relation to Sajjana’s and His Commentarial Style 211 ** Chapter 9: rNgog’s ''rGyud bla ma'i don bsdus pa'' as a Reflection of His Own Doctrinal Position 241 ** Conclusion 277 * PART III: rNgog’s Impact on Later Developments 283 ** Chapter 10: rNgog’s Impact on Doctrinal Developments from the 11th to the Early 14th Century 285 ** Chapter 11: rNgog’s Impact on Doctrinal Developments from the Late 14th to the 16th Century 345 ** Conclusion 379 * FINAL CONSIDERATIONS 383 ** Resituating rNgog’s Position in a Wider Context 385 * APPENDICES 393 ** Appendix A: A Topical Outline of the ''rGyud bla ma'i don bsdus pa'' 395 ** Appendix B: A List of Commentaries of the ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' 405 * ABBREVIATIONS AND BIBLIOGRAPHIES 415 * INDICES 461

Buddha-Nature and a Dialectic of Presence and Absence in the Works of Mi-pham +

* Abstracti * Acknowledgementsiii * Introduction1 ** Historical Context1 ** Monastic Colleges and Buddhist Education9 ** Epistemology and Negative Dialectics13 ** Buddha-Nature15 ** Summary of Contents18 ** Interpretive Context24 * Chapter 1: Buddha-Nature and the Unity of the Two Truths27 ** Introduction27 ** Mi-pham's Synthesis31 ** Two Truths35 ** Buddha-Nature as the Unity of Appearance and Emptiness45 ** Buddha-Nature as the Definitive Meaning56 ** Conclusion63 * Chapter 2: Yogācāra, Prāsaṅgika, and the Middle Way64 ** Introduction64 ** Middle Way and Mind-Only64 ** Foundations of Yogācāra67 ** Svātantrika-Prāsaṅgika73 ** Dialectical Ascent90 ** Conclusion99 * Chapter 3: The Present Absence101 ** Introduction101 ** Other-Emptiness in the Jo-nang102 ** Other-Emptiness and the Nying-ma: Lo-chen Dharma Śrī115 ** Another Emptiness? Emptiness of Self/Other122 ** Delineating Phenomena and Suchness125 ** Delineating Emptiness135 ** Emptiness as the Unity of Appearance and Emptiness141 ** Conclusion149 * Chapter 4: Buddha—Nature and the Indivisible Ground and Fruition151 ** Introduction151 ** Delineating the Views on Buddha-Nature151 ** Buddha-Nature as Heritage, Buddha-Nature as the Ground160 ** Delineating Appearance and Reality170 ** Establishing Buddha-Nature: The Immanent Buddha180 ** Establishing Appearances as Divine189 ** Buddha-Nature and a Difference Between Sūtra and Mantra200 ** Buddha-Nature as the Ground of the Great Perfection212 ** Conclusion214 * Concluding Remarks216 * Document 1221 ** Introduction221 * ''Lion's Roar: Exposition of Buddha-Nature''221 ** 1. Stating Other Traditions224 ** 2. Presenting Our Own Authentic Tradition228 *** 1. The Meaning of the First Verse “Because the body of the perfect Buddha is radiant”228 *** 2. The Meaning of the Second Verse “Because suchness is indivisible”235 *** 3. The Meaning of the Third Verse “Because of possessing heritage”239 ** 1. Refuting the View that (the Basic Element) is Truly Established and Not Empty245 ** 2. Refuting the View that (the Basic Element) is a Void Emptiness247 ** 3. Refuting the Apprehension of (the Basic Element) as Impermanent and Conditioned248 * Document 2261 ** Introduction261 * ''Notes on the Essential Points of (Mi-pham's) Exposition (of Buddha-Nature)''261 * Document 3272 ** Introduction272 * Excerpt from ''Roar of the Fearless Lion'' (48.2-97.4)272 ** 1. The Subject of the Extensive Discussion Here, an Explanation of the Progression of Profound Points of the Ground, Path, and Fruition of the Sūtra Perfection Vehicle273 ** 1. The Manner of the Teaching of the Profound Abiding Reality of the Definitive Meaning of the Perfection Vehicle274 ** 1. The Progression of the Wheels of Doctrine which are the Means of Teaching the Definitive Meaning of the Abiding Reality274 *** 1. The Wheels of Doctrine Indicated in the ''Saṃdhinirmocanasūtra''274 **** 1. Presenting Scripture274 **** 2. Establishing the Reason for That Being the Way It Is279 *** 2. The Wheels of Doctrine Indicated in the ''Dhāraṇīśvararājaparipṛcchā''289 **** 1. Presenting Scripture289 **** 2. Establishing (the Reason for That Being) the Way It Is293 *** 3. In Accord with That, the Way They are Indicated in the ''Nirvāṇa'' (''sūtra'') and so forth296 **** 1. Presenting Scripture296 ***** 1. Presenting Scripture from the ''Nirvāṇasūtra''296 ***** 2. Presenting Scripture from the ''Aṅgulimālīyasūtra''298 **** 2. Establishing through Reasoning That Being the Way It Is300 **** 3. An Appended Identification of the Scriptural Collections of Definitive Meaning306 ** 2. The Way that These Commentaries on Buddha’s Viewpoint are Supreme307 * Bibliography313 ** Tibetan Sources313 ** Non-Tibetan Sources318

Buddha-Nature: Mahayana-Uttaratantra-Shastra (Khyentse Commentary) +

* Introduction and Preliminaries 1 ** 2003 Teachings: Day 1 – Introduction 1 ** Day 2 – Introduction 8 * The First Vajra Point: Buddha 13 * The Second Vajra Point: Dharma 20 * The Third Vajra Point: Sangha 24 ** Day 3 – Introduction 26 ** The Three Refuges 29 * The Last Four Vajra Points 33 ** The Four Paradoxes 34 * The Fourth Vajra Point: The Element 37 ** Day 4 – Introduction 38 ** The Ten Aspects (of Buddha-nature) 40 *** #1: Essence 41 *** #2: Cause 42 **** The four obscurations that wrap the kham 43 *** #3: Result 44 *** #4: Action/Function 48 *** #5: Container/Endowment 49 *** #6: Entry 50 *** #7: Occasions 51 *** #8: All-pervasive 52 *** #9: Unchanging 53 **** Day 5 – Introduction 61 **** The example of the lotus growing in the water 63 *** #10: Inseparable 70 **** The example of the sun and its rays 70 **** The example of the painters 73 **** Day 6 – Introduction 76 ** The Nine Examples (of essence and defilements) 78 *** Example #1: The Buddha and the Lotus 79 *** Example #2: The Honey and the Bees 81 *** Example #3: The Grain and the Husk 82 *** Example #4: The Gold and the Filth 83 **** Day 7 – Introduction 88 *** Example #5: The Treasure and the Earth 90 *** Example #6: The Shoot and the Fruit-skin 92 *** Example #7: The Statue and the Tattered Rag 93 *** Example #8: The Chakravartin and the Woman 95 *** Example #9: The Golden Image and the Clay Mould 96 **** Day 8 – Introduction 99 **** Day 9 – Introduction 113 * The Fifth Vajra Point – Enlightenment 127 ** 2004 Teachings: Day 1 – Introduction 133 ** Day 2 – Introduction 150 ** Day 3 – Introduction 169 * The Sixth Vajra Point: Qualities 180 ** The Ten Powers 182 ** The Four Fearlessnesses 186 *** Day 4 – Introduction 188 ** The Eighteen Distinctive Qualities 190 ** The Fruit of Maturation (the 32 Major Marks) 193 *** How the examples and the qualities complement each other 199 * The Seventh Vajra Point: Activity 206 ** Day 5 – Introduction 206 ** The Nine Examples for the Buddha’s Activity 216 *** Example #1: Indra’s Reflection On The Lapis Lazuli Floor 217 **** Day 6 – Introduction 219 *** Example #2: The Heavenly Drum 225 *** Example #3: The Cloud 232 **** Day 7 – Introduction 236 *** Example #4: Brahma 239 *** Example #5: The Sun 242 *** Example #6: The Wishfulfilling Jewel 247 **** Day 8 – Introduction 249 *** Example #7: The Echo 250 *** Example #8: The Sky/Space 251 *** Example #9: The Earth 252 **** Day 9 – Introduction 261 **** Day 10 – Introduction 276 * Questions & Answers 287 ** The Fourth Vajra Point: The Element 287 *** Do animals have Buddha-nature? 287 *** Do plants and stones have Buddha-nature? 287 *** Kham and Buddha-nature 293 *** Kham and the gross & subtle elements 295 *** Buddha-nature, mind & wisdom 297 ** The Fifth Vajra Point: Enlightenment 299 *** Is Buddha-nature permanent? 299 *** Is Buddha-nature uncompounded? 302 ** The Sixth Vajra Point: Qualities 306 *** The 32 major marks 306 *** The activity of the nirmanakaya 313 ** The Seventh Vajra Point: Activity 315 *** The reflection in the lapis lazuli floor 315 *** Effortlessness 320 ** View and Path 322 *** Blessings & genuine heart of sadness 322 *** How does prayer work? 324 *** Uttaratantra and the Vajrayana 325 *** Why does the path have two accumulations? 327 *** Defilements, emotions & the origin of suffering 328 *** Are there other sentient beings? 337 *** Study & Practice 338 *** Buddha-nature & atman in Hinduism 347 *** Practice and the Four Seals 350 * Tibetan Words & Phrases 351 * Index 367

Buddha-Nature: The Mahayana Uttara Tantra Shastra: Maitreya's Root Text and Asanga's Commentary +

* '''INTRODUCTION TO THE USAT STUDY PROGRAM AND THE BUDDHA-NATURE TEACHINGS:''''''III''' * '''CLASS 1. [MUTS01/00:00]''''''1''' *** (#1)1 ** VERSE 1: THE CONTENTS OF THE WORK9 ** VERSE 2: THE SEVEN SUBJECTS ACCORDING TO THE ''DHARANISVARA-RAJA-PARIPRCCHA''10 * '''CLASS 2: [MUTS01/41:20]''''''11''' ** VERSE 3: THE CONNECTION BETWEEN THE SEVEN SUBJECTS11 *** (#2)12 ** THE JEWEL OF THE BUDDHA17 ** VERSE 417 ** VERSE 517 ** VERSE 617 ** VERSE 717 ** VERSE 817 *** (#3)24 * '''CLASS 3 [MUTS03/0:00''']'''25''' * '''CLASS 4: [MUTS03/41:50]''''''39''' *** (#4)39 * '''CLASS 5. [MUTS04/34:55]''''''51''' ** THE JEWEL OF THE DOCTRINE51 ** VERSE 951 *** (#5)53 ** VERSE 1055 * '''CLASS 6. [MUTS05/24:50]''''''59''' *** (#6)64 * '''CLASS 6 OPTIONAL: MAHAYANA PRECEPTS [MUTS06/08:00]''''''67''' * '''CLASS 6 OPTIONAL: MINDFULNESS OF BREATHING MEDITATION [MUTS06/37:00 TO 38:45]''''''72''' * '''CLASS 7. [MUTS06/38:53]''''''73''' ** VERSE 1173 ** VERSE 1274 *** (#7)74 ** VERSE 1375 ** THE JEWEL OF THE CONGREGATION:75 ** VERSE 1479 ** VERSE 15. THE SAINT’S KNOWLEDGE OF THE ABSOLUTE TRUTH80 ** VERSE 16. THE EMPIRICAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE SAINTS81 * '''CLASS 8. [MUTS07/28:25]''''''83''' *** (#8)87 ** VERSE 17. THE PERCEPTION OF THE SAINTS IS INTROSPECTIVE KNOWLEDGE88 ** VERSE 1889 * '''CLASS 9. [MUTS08/25:30]''''''95''' ** VERSE 1995 ** THE DOCTRINE AND THE CONGREGATION ARE NOT REFUGES IN THE ULTIMATE SENSE97 ** VERSE 2097 *** (#9)102 * '''CLASS 10. [MUTS09/13:30]''''''107''' ** THE BUDDHA IS THE UNIQUE ABSOLUTE REFUGE:109 ** VERSE 21109 ** THE MEANING OF "THE 3 JEWELS":110 ** VERSE 22110 *** (#10)113 * '''CLASS 11. [MUTS10/22:10]''''''121''' ** PART 2: THE BASIS FOR THIS ACHIEVEMENT121 ** GENERAL COMMENT ON THE LAST 4 VAJRA TOPICS121 ** (1) THE POTENTIAL [ED. OBERMILLER USES "GERM", BUT RINPOCHE USES POTENTIAL], (2) ENLIGHTENMENT, (3) THE ATTRIBUTES, AND (4) THE ACTS OF THE BUDDHA, IN THEIR INCONCEIVABLE NATURE:121 ** VERSE 23121 *** (#11)128 * '''CLASS 12. [MUTS11/18:45]''''''135''' ** VERSE 24135 ** VERSE 25135 ** (#12)143 ** THE POTENTIAL AND THE 3 OTHER SUBJECTS AS THE CAUSE AND CONDITIONS OF BUDDHAHOOD147 ** VERSE 26147 * '''CLASS 13. [MUTS12/15:55]''''''149''' ** THE 4TH VAJRA TOPIC: THE BUDDHA-NATURE:149 ** THE POTENTIAL OF THE ABSOLUTE:149 ** VERSE 27149 ** VERSE 28153 ** ANALYSIS OF THE (POTENTIAL, ESSENCE) FROM 10 POINTS OF VIEW:154 ** SUMMARY:154 ** VERSE 29154 ** THE ESSENCE OF THE SEED (1) AND THE CAUSES OF ITS PURIFICATION (2)156 ** VERSE 30156 ** VERSE 31158 * '''APPENDIX A: MAHAYANA FAST DAY VOWS''''''159''' * '''INDEX''''''163''' * '''GLOSSARY''''''166'''

Buddha-Nature: Through the Eyes of Go rams pa Bsod nams seng ge in Fifteenth-Century Tibet +

* ABSTRACTiii * ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSviii * INTRODUCTION1 ** General Introduction1 *** Past Scholarship and Dissertation Focus4 *** Research Strategy and Methodology8 *** Introduction to the ''Sdom Gsum Kha Skong''10 **** The Topical Outline of the First Chapter of the ''Sdom Gsum Kha Skong''13 * CHAPTER I - BRIEF HISTORY OF THE SA SKYA SCHOOL20 ** 'Khon Family Lineage20 *** Sa chen Kun-dga’ snying-po22 *** Slob-dpon Rin-po-che Bsod nams rtse mo24 *** Rje btsun Rin po che Grags pa rgyal mtshan25 *** Sa skya Pandita Kun dga' rgyal mtshan26 *** 'Gro mgon Chos rgyal 'Phags pa30 *** Ngor E wam Chos Idan and Ngor chen Kun dga' bzang po33 *** Nalendra and Rong ston Shes bya kun rig34 *** The Tshar pa and Tshar chen Blo gsal rgya mtsho35 ** Other Important Monasteries37 ** Sa Skya College in India39 * CHAPTER II - BIOGRAPHY OF GO RAMS PA42 ** Accounts of Go rams pa's Life42 *** Go rams pa's Birth43 *** Entering into the Religious Life and Early Studies44 *** Youthful Travels and Studies in Central Tibet45 *** Higher Studies with Many Great Masters46 *** Receiving Ordination of a Full Monk (Bhiksu)50 *** Persuaded from Returning Home50 *** Propagating the Teachings of Buddha52 *** Establishment of a Monastic College57 *** His Death and Relics59 *** His Disciples64 * CHAPTER III - GO RAMS PA'S OBJECTS OF REFUTATION66 * PART I66 *** Identification of the Objects of Refutations69 *** Rgyal tshab and His Followers69 *** Claimed Followers of Rong ston73 *** Bus ton, Shākya Mchog Idan and Their Followers74 *** Mang thos's Interpretation of Go rams pa's Thought80 *** Go rams pa's own Interpretation82 *** Hypothetical Questions83 *** Mang thos's Understanding of Go rams pa's Intention84 *** The Two Purities are Mutually Exclusive85 * CHAPTER IV - GO RAMS PA'S REFUTATION OF JO NANG PA ON BUDDHA-NATURE89 * PART II89 ** Refutation of Truly Existing Buddha-nature89 ** History of the Jo nang pa Tradition90 ** A Summary of Jo nang pa's Gzhan stong Theory93 ** Positioning Jo nang pa School95 ** Distinction between Rang stong and Gzhan stong102 ** Meaning of the Non-differentiation of the Basis and the Result103 ** Claiming their Assertion to be in accord with Sūtras and Śāstras103 ** Classification of Real and Imputation110 *** Demonstrating the Classification of Real and Imputation with Examples110 *** Claiming All Three Tantras to be Valid111 ** Refutation of ways in which they accept the result116 ** Refutation of the Ontology: Contradiction with Definitive Treatises118 ** Contradiction with the logical reasons which refutes Realists118 ** Contradiction with the Sequence of the Turning the Wheel of Dharma120 ** Contradiction to the Intent of Sūtra, Tantra and Śāstra122 ** Illustrating the Reasons of Investigation without Bias123 ** Essence of the Important Points in Brief124 * CONCLUSION125 ** Ascertainment with evidence128 * APPENDICES130 ** Appendix A: The text of ''sdom gsum kha skong'''s first chapter on basis (''gzhi'') and its translation130 ** Note on the Versification130 ** The Text and Translation130 ** Appendix B: Go rams pa's writings181 ** Volume I182 ** Volume II187 ** Volume III188 ** Volume IV189 ** Volume V194 ** List of his works arranged by subjects198 *** On the Hevajra Tantra:198 *** On the Cakrasamvara Tantra:200 *** On the Guhyasamāja Tantra:200 *** On the Vajrabhairava Teaching:201 *** On the Yoga Tantra:201 *** On the Prajñāpāramitā:201 *** On the Ratnagotravibhāga of Maitreya:201 *** On the Logic and Epistemology (''Pramāṇa''):202 *** On the Madhyamaka Philosophy:202 *** On the Three Sets of Vows:202 *** On the Yoga Tantra:203 ** Various Praises, Prayers and Answers to some Questions203 * BIBLIOGRAPHY208 ** Primary Sources and Translations; Sūtras and Tantras208 ** Commentaries and Philosophical Treatises209 ** Primary Sources of Works by Tibetans212 ** Secondary Sources215

Buddhahood Without Meditation +

* List of Illustrationsviii * Introduction by Chagdud Tulkuix * Translator’s Notexxi * Buddhahood Without Meditation: Tibetan text and translation1 * Afterword by His Holiness Dudjom Rinpoche179 * Structural Analysis and Outline by His Holiness Dudjom Rinpoche183 * Glossary223 +

Buddhism's Journey to Tibet +

* Foreword by Yangsi Kalu Rinpochéxi * Translator's Introduction1 ** An Overview of ''The Treasury of Knowledge''4 ** Jamgön Kongtrul and the Purpose of ''The Treasury of Knowledge''9 ** Kalu Rinpoché and the Purpose of the Translation of ''The Treasury of Knowledge''18 ** Paying for the Translation of ''The Treasury of Knowledge''26 ** ''The Treasury'' in Translation33 ** Translating and Reading ''Buddhism's Journey to Tibet''35 ** Acknowledgments38 * Book Two: The Light of the World41 ** 1: Our Teacher's Path to Awakening43 ** 2: The Buddha's Enlightenment61 ** 3: The Buddha's Twelve Deeds75 ** 4: Enlightenment's Bodies and Pure Realms93 * Book Three: What the Buddha Taught113 ** 1: What Are the Sacred Teachings?115 ** 2: Cycles of Scriptural Transmission145 ** 3: Compilations of the Buddha's Word167 ** 4: The Origins of the Early Translations' Ancient Tradition183 * Book Four: Buddhism Resplendent in the World197 ** 1: Buddhism in the Land of Exalted Beings199 ** 2: How Buddhist Monastic Discipline and Scriptural Transmissions Came to Tibet235 ** 3: The History of Lineages of Meditation Practice in Tibet, the Eight Major Chariots321 ** 4: A History of Buddhist Culture377 * Appendix 1: The Root Text of Books Two, Three, and Four437 * Appendix 2: The Outline of Books Two, Three, and Four479 * Translator's Postscript: Reflections on Each Chapter491 ** ''Myriad Worlds'' Revisited491 ** Book Two: The Light of the World495 *** 1: Our Teacher's Path to Awakening495 *** 2: The Buddha's Enlightenment500 *** 3: The Buddha's Twelve Deeds509 *** 4: Enlightenment's Bodies and Pure Realms513 ** Book Three: What the Buddha Taught519 *** 1: What Are the Sacred Teachings?519 *** 2: Cycles of Scriptural Transmission528 *** 3: Compilations of the Buddha's Word536 *** 4: The Origins of the Early Translations' Ancient Tradition538 ** Book Four: Buddhism Resplendent in the World546 *** 1: Buddhism in the Land of Exalted Beings546 *** 2: How Buddhist Monastic Discipline and Scriptural Transmissions Came to Tibet551 *** 3: The History of Lineages of Meditation Practice in Tibet, the Eight Major Chariots577 *** 4: A History of Buddhist Culture597 * Bibliography605 * List of Names609 * List of Names of Nonhuman Beings633 * List of Place Names639 * List of Texts Cited645 * Subject Index663

Buddhist Cosmic Unity +

* Foreword vii * Preface ix * Introduction 3 ** Textual History 3 ** Doctrine 14 * Edition and Translation 55 * Appendices 135 ** 1: Is the Mind Originally Pure or is it Luminous? 135 ** 2: On amuktajña 141 ** 3: *Sāramati 149 ** 4: Reading Text and Translation 159 ** 5: A Hypothetical Reconstruction of an Indic Form of the AAN 181 ** 6: Citations of the AAN 191 * Literature 219 * Indices 241 +

Buddhist Faith and Sudden Enlightenment +

* Preface''vii'' * Introduction''1'' <center>PART ONE: FAITH</center> * 1. The Primacy of Faith in Buddhism11 * 2. Patriarchal Faith and Doctrinal Faith19 * 3. Buddha-nature and Patriarchal Faith25 * 4. Essence-Function versus Subject-Object Constructions35 * 5. Nonbacksliding Faith and Backsliding Faith43 * 6. The Two Truths and Skill-in-Means49 <center>PART TWO: PRACTICE</center> * 7. The Unity of Faith and Enlightenment in Practice55 * 8. Bodhidharma's Wall Meditation59 * 9. Questioning Meditation and the Dynamics of Faith66 * 10.Practice in the Treatise on Awakening Mahayana Faith78 * 11. Faith and Practice in Pure Land Buddhism90 * 12. Faith as the Practice of Compassion96 <center>PART THREE: ENLIGHTENMENT</center> * 13. Sudden Enlightenment and Gradual Practice105 * 14. Faith and Enlightenment in the Hua-yen Sutra110 * 15. Kkaech'im: The Experience of Brokenness123 * 16. Revolution of the Basis126 * 17. The Three Gates133 * Conclusion137 * Abbreviations145 * Notes147 * Glossary of Chinese Characters159 * Bibliography169 * Index205 +

Buddhist Philosophy and Meditation Practice +

*'''Preface''' *'''Table of Contents''' *'''Introduction''' *'''Buddhist Philosophy and Meditation Practice''' * 1. ''Jason Siff'': Language and Meditation3 * 2. ''Jongmyung Kim'': Thought and Praxis in Contemporary Korean Buddhism: A Critical Examination14 * 3. ''Ven. Jinwol Lee'': Ganhwaseon (看話禪) in Korea: From a Seon Practitioner’s Perspective28 * 4. ''Prof. Robert E. Buswell, Jr'': The Transformation of Doubt (Ǔijǒng 疑情) in Kanhwa Sǒn 看話禪: The Testimony of Gaofeng Yuanmiao 高峰原妙 (1238-1295)34 * 5. ''Tadeusz Skorupski'': Consciousness and Luminosity in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism]43 * 6. ''James Blumenthal'': Śamatha and its Relation to the Mundane and Supra-mundane Paths According to Geluk Traditions of Tibetan Buddhism65 * 7. ''Kyaw, Pyi Phyo'': The Paṭṭhāna (Conditional Relations) and Buddhist Meditation Application of the Teachings in the Paṭṭhāna in Insight (Vipassanā) Meditation Practice72 * 8. ''Lei Xiaoli (Ph.D Candidate)'': A Study on the Development of Meditation in Theravada Buddhism and Chinese Buddhism88 * 9. ''Kanae Kawamoto'': Pragmatic Benefits and Concentration through Ānāpānasati Meditation98 * 10. ''Dr. H. M. Mahinda Herath'': Theravada Philosophical Exposition of the Supramundane (Lokuttara) State104 * 11. ''Thomas A C Weiser'': Three Practices of the Four Foundations of Mindfulness: An Investigation in Comparative Soteriology111 * 12. ''Professor Angraj Chaudhary'': The Philosophy of Suffering and the Practice of Vipassana128 * 13. ''Joel Walmsley & Ira Greenberg'': Mind, Death and Supervenience: Towards a Comparative Dialogue134 * 14. ''Jeff Waistell'': Mindfulness Meditation and Praxis149 * 15. ''Charles Pyle'': A Strategic Perspective on Buddhist Meditation158 * 16. ''Jim Rheingans'': Communicating the Innate: Observations on Teacher-Student Interaction in the Tibetan Mahāmudrā Instructions177 * 17. ''Sumi Lee'': Searching for a Possibility of Buddhist Hermeneutics: Two Exegetic Strategies in Buddhist Tradition202 * 18. ''Khristos Nizamis'': The Mind’s 'I' in Meditation : Early Pāli Buddhadhamma: and Transcendental Phenomenology in Mutual Reflection212 * 19. ''Apisin Sivayathorn & Apichai Puntasen'': Is It True That Buddhism is Mind-Based Science?239 * 20. ''Karin Meyers'': The Pleasant Way: The Dhyāna-s, Insight and the Path according to the Abhidharmakośa259 * 21. ''Thanaphon Cheungsirakulvit'': Buddhadāsa's Poetry: the Object of Contemplation on Emptiness278 * 22. ''Prof. Yasanjali Devika Jayatilleke'': An Anthropological Study on the Rituals Pertaining to Life Crises Events among Sri Lankan Buddhists314 * 23. ''Dr. Mark Owen'': The Philosophical Foundations of the Tibetan Buddhist Practice of Bodily Preservation324 * 24. ''Bethany Lowe'': Dangerous Dharma, Death, and Depression: The Importance of 'Right View' for Practicing Contemplation within a Western Buddhist Tradition343 * 25. ''Venerable Bhikkhuni Anula Devi'': The Practical approach to the Enlightenment through the Buddhist Meditation362 * 26. ''Dr. Wangchuk Dorjee Negi'': Buddhist Meditation Practices370 * 27. ''Dr Sarah Shaw'' : Breathing Mindfulness: Text and Practice378 * 28. ''Nuengfa Nawaboonniyom & Apichai Puntasen'': The Training of Satipaṭṭhāna related to 15 Caraṇas and 8 Vijjās391 * 29. ''Giuliana Martini'': Transcending the Limiting Power of Karma The Early Buddhist Appamāṇas413 * 30. ''Ven. Dr. Yuanci'': A Study of the Meditation Methods in the DESM and Other Early Chinese Texts438 * 31. ''Assoc. Prof. Dr. Uma Shankar'': The Philosophical Perspectives in the Meditational practices of Tantric Buddhism466

Buddhist Texts Through the Ages +

<center>''Introduction''</center> <center>''First Part''</center> <center>THE TEACHING OF THE ELDERS</center> <center>''By I. B. Horner''</center> * THE SAMGHA17 <center>THE ORDER OF MONKS AND NUNS</center> <center>''Conversion of Anathapindika'' 17</center> <center>''Conversion of General Siha'' 20</center> <center>''Ordination of Pajapati the Great'' 23</center> <center>''Visakha, the Laywoman Supporter'' 26</center> <center>''Schism'' 28</center> <center>SKILL IN MEANS 33</center> <center>ARAHANTS 42</center> <center>THE BUDDHIST APOCALYPSE 45</center> * THE DHAMMA51 <center>THE FIVE FACULTIES</center> <center>''The Five Faculties collectively'' 51</center> <center>''The Five Faculties separately'' 52</center> <center>''Faith'' 52</center> <center>''Vigour'' 54</center> <center>''Mindfulness'' 56</center> <center>''Concentration'' 60</center> <center>''Wisdom'' 64</center> <center>CONDITIONED GENESIS</center> <center>''Conditioned Genesis collectively'' 65</center> <center>''Cond:tioned Genesis separately'' 70</center> <center>''Ignorance'' 70</center> <center>''Consciousness'' 70</center> <center>''Feelng'' 72</center> <center>''Craving'' 73</center> <center>''Grasping'' 74</center> <center>''Birth, Ageing and Dying'' 76</center> <center>THE OBJECT OF WISDOM</center> <center>''Crossing Over'' 82</center> <center>''Emptiness'' 90</center> <center>''Nirvana'' 92</center> * THE BUDDHA AND TATHAGATA103 <center>''Second Part''</center> <center>THE MAHAYANA</center> <center>''By Edward Conze''</center> * BASIC NOTIONS119 <center>CRITICISM OF THE HINAYANA POSITION</center> <center>''Bodhisattvas and Disciples'' 119</center> <center>''The Conversion of Sariputra'' 120</center> <center>''The two Nirvanas'' 124</center> <center>THE BODHISATTVA</center> <center>''Descriptions'' 127</center> <center>''His Infinite Compassion'' 131</center> <center>''The Dedication of Merit'' 132</center> <center>THE SIX PERFECTIONS</center> <center>''Definition'' 135</center> <center>''The six Perfections and the Body'' 136</center> <center>''The Perfection of Giving'' 136</center> <center>''The Perfection of Patience'' 137</center> <center>''The Perfection of Meditation'' 138</center> <center>THE BUDDHA</center> <center>''The Tathagata as a Rain-cloud'' 139</center> <center>''The real Buddha'' 140</center> <center>''The Tathagatas' Coming and Going'' 143</center> <center>''The Dharma-body'' 143</center> <center>''Tathagata and Suchness'' 144</center> <center>''The 18 special dharmas of a Buddha'' 145</center> * NEW WISDOM SCHOOL146 <center>THE PERFECTION OF WISDOM 146</center> <center>THE ELUSIVENESS OF PERFECT WISDOM 149</center> <center>THE DOCTRINE OF PERFECT WISDOM 152</center> <center>EMPTINESS</center> <center>''Preliminary Meditations'' 158</center> <center>''Definitions and Synonyms of Emptiness'' 163</center> <center>''Negations'' 172</center> <center>''Contradictions'' 175</center> <center>''Unreality of the World'' 177</center> <center>''Emptiness and Salvation'' 179</center> <center>''The Germ of Buddhahood in all Beings'' 181</center> * THE BUDDHISM OF FAITH185 <center>FAITH 185</center> <center>THE ACTS AND REWARDS OF DEVOTION 186</center> <center>THE OBJECTS OF DEVOTION</center> <center>''The Buddha'' 190</center> <center>''Avalokitesvara'' 194</center> <center>''Tara'' 196</center> <center>THE PURE LAND 202</center> * YOGACARINS207 <center>MIND ONLY 207</center> <center>TWOFOLD EGOLESSNESS 211</center> <center>IRREALITY OF THE WORLD 212</center> <center>THE BUDDHA AS THE BASIS OF ALL 216</center> <center>''Third Part''</center> <center>THE TANTRAS</center> <center>''By David Snellgrove''</center> <center>''The Cleansing of Thought'' 221</center> <center>''Supreme Enlightenment'' 221</center> <center>''Saraha's Treasury of Songs'' 224</center> <center>''Anangavajra, The Attainment of the Realization of Wisdom and Means'' 240</center> <center>''Note on the Mandala'' 246</center> <center>''Advayavajra, The fivefold Manifestation'' 249</center> <center>''An Evocation of Prajnaparamita'' 252</center> <center>''The Mandala conceived within'' 254</center> <center>''The Story of Tanti'' 255</center> <center>''Mila Repa and the Novices'' 257</center> <center>''Fourth Part''</center> <center>TEXTS FROM CHINA AND JAPAN</center> <center>By Arthur Waley</center> <center>Introduction</center> * TEXTS ORIGINATING IN INDIA274 <center>''The Parable of Me and Mine'' 274</center> <center>''On the Curing of Illness contracted during Dhyana Practice'' 274</center> <center>''Meditation upon the Element Water'' 275</center> <center>''Judging the Character of a Dhyana Pupil'' 276</center> <center>''The Bracelets'' 278</center> <center>''All Words are true'' 278</center> <center>''Buddha's Doctrine'' 279</center> <center>''The Negation of Dhyana'' 280</center> <center>''Po Chu-i. Poem On Reading the Dhyana Sutra'' 281</center> <center>''Nationality'' 282</center> <center>''The Intermediate State'' 283</center> <center>''Devas repeople the Earth'' 283</center> <center>''Buddha's Pity'' 285</center> * TEXTS ORIGINATING IN CHINA AND JAPAN287 <center>''A Hinayana Sect in early China'' 287</center> <center>''The Truly So'' 290</center> <center>''From the Lives of the Nuns'' 291</center> <center>''On Trust in the Heart'' 295</center> <center>From the Conversations of Shen-hui 299</center> <center>''A nice Mountain'' 302</center> <center>''Rain-making'' 302</center> * BIBLIOGRAPHY307 * SOURCES311 * GLOSSARY313 * ABBREVIATIONS323

C

Carefree Dignity +

* ''Dedication''7 * ''Foreword''9 * Open and Free13 * Ground22 * View35 * Beginning Meditation53 * Transcending Shamatha64 * Not Meditating, Not Being Distracted88 * Guided Meditation102 * Losing It108 * Vajrasattva Meditation126 * Development and Completion Unified140 * Compassion148 * Carefree161 * Progressive Path167 * Bardo186 * Fruition201 * Confidence213 * Dignity230 * ''Afterword''235 +

Cataphatic Emptiness: rGyal-tshab on the Buddha-essence Theory of Asaṅga's Ratnagotravibhāgavyākhyā +

* List of Tablesv * AcknowledgmentsvI * Technical Notesvii Part 1: The Prāsaṅgika-Mādhyamika Interpretation of the Buddha-essence Theory * Introduction2 * Chapter 1: Historical and Doctrinal Background17 ** 1. rGyal-tshab's Life and Works17 ** 2. The social-political background26 ** 3. The doctrinal background29 ** 4. The Structure and Contents of the ''rGyud bla ṭīkā''33 * Chapter 2: Doctrinal Classification of the ''Ratnagotravibhāga''37 ** 1. Asaṅga and the Five Treatises of Maitreya38 ** 2. The subtle emptiness according to the RGV41 *** The truth-habit as the cause of saṃsāra41 *** The truth-habit as the addictive obscuration43 *** Śrāvakas and pratyekabuddhas' realization of objective selflessness44 *** Refuting the Vijñānavādin standpoint concerning emptiness47 ** 3. The Three Stages of Teaching according to the DIR49 *** Establishing the unique vehicle49 *** As the distinctive presentation of the Prāsaṅgika-Mādhyamika viewpoint54 ** 4. The ''Prajñāpāramitā-sūtra'' and the TGS56 ** 5. The TGS as Being Definitive62 * Chapter 3: Critiques of Absolutism, Skepticism, and Quietism69 ** 1. Critique of Dol-po-pa's "Great Madhyamaka"70 *** Refuting Dol-po-pa's classification of the TGS71 *** Refuting Buddha-essence as a permanent entity72 *** Refuting Buddha-essence as being endowed with twofold purities77 ** 2. Critique of the Mainstream Positions81 *** 'Gos-lo's position on Buddha-essence84 *** dGe-lugs-pa scholars' responses89 ** 3. A Comparison with Critiques of "Original-enlightenment" theory in Modern Chinese Buddhism94 *** A comparison of interpretations between 'Gos-lo and Zongmi96 *** Modern Chinese Critiques of "Original-enlightenment"99 * Chapter 4: Analysis of the Title and Textural Structure110 ** 1. The Title "''Mahāyānottaratantra''" and Its Implication110 ** 2. The Seven Vajra-Like Bases114 *** Two aspects114 *** rGyal-tshab's revision of rNgog-lo's "two wheels" theory 116 *** The first three bases as ultimate fruition118 *** The last four bases as cause and conditions119 ** 3. The Term "Ratnagotra" and the Textual Structure of RGV121 ** 4. rGyal-tshab on the Fourfold ''Ratnagotra'' as Cause and Conditions124 *** The Element as a cause according to RGV I.16124 *** The last three bases as conditions127 ** 5. On RGV 1.3129 ** 6. Conclusion132 * Chapter 5: Reality, Element, and Natural Luminosity of the Mind134 ** 1. The Buddha-essence and Its Various Names134 ** 2. Reality136 *** As immutable ultimate reality136 *** The tainted reality138 ** 3. ''Dharmatā''140 ** 4. Natural Luminosity of the Mind142 *** Origin in Canonical sources142 *** rGyal-tshab's Exegesis on the Passages from the SMS and the DIR144 *** On the Passage from the GGS147 ** 5. The Element150 *** According to the AAN150 *** According to the MAS154 ** 6. The Buddha-essence and the Madhyamaka Philosophy156 *** The Equation of the Buddha-essence with emptiness156 *** Realizing the Buddha-essence as the Middle Way159 ** 7. Conclusion163 * Chapter 6: Buddha-essence and Its Ten Aspects164 ** 1. The Tripartite Buddha-essence164 *** The diffusion of the truth body166 *** The indivisible reality and generic potentials168 ** 2. The Ten Points170 *** Nature171 *** Causes173 *** Fruition178 *** Actions187 *** Possession192 *** Engagement194 *** States196 *** All-pervadingness198 *** Unchangeability200 *** Indivisible excellences205 * Chapter 7: The Eighteen Similes in the ''Tathāgatagarbha-sūtra''209 ** 1. rGyal-tshab's General Discussion209 ** 2. The Nine Smiles for the Obscuring Defilements215 *** The lotus simile for latent state of attachment215 *** The bees simile for latent state of hatred216 *** The husks simile for latent state of misknowledge216 *** The filth simile for intense outburst of attachment, hatred, and misknowledge218 *** The floor simile for ground of instincts for misknowledge219 *** The fruit simile for addictions eliminated by the Path of Insight220 *** The tattered rags simile for addictions eliminated by the Path of Meditation221 *** The woman simile for addictions related to the Impure Stages222 *** The clay simile for addictions related to the Pure stages223 *** Discussion of the twofold obscuration224 ** 3. The Nine Smiles for the Obscured Element226 *** The three similes for the Truth Body228 *** The gold simile for reality230 *** The five similes for the spiritual gene231 * Chapter 8: The Twofold Spiritual Gene236 ** 1. Tsong-kha-pa's Analysis of the Vijñānavadin Standpoints237 ** 2. A Mādhyamika Critique of the Vijñānavadin Standpoint248 ** 3. The dGe-Iugs-pa Exegesis of the "Spiritual Gene" Section of the AA250 ** 4. Natural Luminosity of the Mind under Debate256 * Conclusion264 * Abbreviations268 * Bibliography271 Part 2: Appendices * 1. A Special Edition of Chapter One of the ''Theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma'i ṭīkā'' (1a-72a and 64a-170b)285 ** A. Topical Outline285 ** B. Special Edition306 * 2. Translations449 ** A. The ''Mahāyānottaratantrarvyākhyā'' (Chapter One: 1.1-7.5 and 21.1-78.22)449 ** B. The ''Theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma'i ṭīkā'' (Chapter One: 1a-72a and 64a-170b)525

Chi-tsang's Ta-ch'eng-hsüan-lun: The Two Truths and the Buddha-Nature +

* Acknowledgmentsii * I Introduction1 * II. The Structure and Meaning of the Two Truths14 ** A. The Theoretical Structure14 *** 1. Principle and Teaching: The Two Truths as Teachings15 *** 2. The Context of Truth26 *** 3. The Initial Thesis and the Four Levels of Two Truths33 ** B. The Identity of Emptiness and Existence: Terms and Concepts53 *** 1. The Identity of the Two Truths54 *** 2. The Four Categories of Interpretation62 *** 3. Provisional and Middle: Interdependency, Principle and Teaching68 ** C. The Essence and Function of the Two Truths85 *** 1. The Liang Theories94 *** 2. The Three Kinds of Middle Path101 * III. The Practice of Insight into the Two Truths113 ** A. Introduction113 *** 1. Theory and Practice121 *** 2. ''Prajñā'' and ''Upāya''129 ** B. The Dharmas as Objects-of-Cognition137 *** 1. True Dharma138 *** 2. The True Mark of the Dharmas and the True Dharma145 *** 3. The Non-duality of Subject and Object, Cause and Result154 ** C. The Concurrent Insight of the Two Truths and the Two Knowledges165 * IV. The Theory and the Practice of the Buddha-nature186 ** A. Introduction: Chi-tsang and the ''Nirvāṇa-sūtra''186 ** B. The Buddha-nature of the Middle Path200 *** 1. The Buddha-nature Theories of the North-South Period201 *** 2. The Buddha-nature of Neither Cause nor Result209 *** 3. The Buddha-nature of Non-sentient Objects217 ** C. The Five Kinds of Buddha-nature231 *** 1. Textual and Historical Development231 *** 2. The Ekayāna and the Buddha-nature244 *** 3. The Two Knowledges and the Perception of the Buddha-nature255 * Appendix I: The Meaning of the Two Truths269 * Appendix II: The Meaning of Buddha-nature357 * Notes419 * Selected Bibliography443

Collected Papers on the Tathāgatagarbha Doctrine +

* Preface1 * Editorial Note3 * Abbreviations5 <center> I. TEXTUAL RESEARCH</center> * A Revised Edition of the ''Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra'', "Kṣanikaparivarta"9 <center>II. THE ''LAṄKĀVATĀRA'' AND OTHER TEXTS</center> * An Analysis of the ''Laṅkāvatāra'': In Search of Its Original Form101 * The Concept of ''Manas'' in the ''Laṅkāvatāra''118 * Sources of the ''Laṅkāvatāra'' and Its Position in Mahāyāna Buddhism128 * The Structure of the ''Anuttarāśrayasūtra'' (''Wu-shang-i ching'')156 * Remarks on the Sanskrit Fragments of the ''Abhidharmadharmaskandhapādaśāstra''165 * On the ''Myaṅ 'das''175 * Textual Problems of the ''Mahāyānaśraddhotpāda''184 <center>III. TECHNICAL TERMS AND BASIC CONCEPTS OF THE</center> <center>''TATHĀGATAGARBHA'' THEORY</center> * The "Tathāgatôtpattisaṃbhava-nirdeśa" of the ''Avataṃsaka'' and the ''Ratnagotra- vibhāga'': With Special Reference to the Term ''Tathāgata-gotra-saṃbhava''201 * The Description of Ultimate Reality by Means of Six Categories in Mahāyāna Buddhism208 * A Comment on the Term ''Ārambaṇa'' in the ''Ratnagotravibhāga'', 1.9219 * ''Dharmatā'', ''Dharmadhātu'', ''Dharmakāya'' and ''Buddhadhātu'': The Structure of the Ultimate Value in Mahāyāna Buddhism228 * On ''Upādāna''/''Upādāyaprajñapti''246 * On ''Upādāna'' (II): ''Ālayavijñāna'' and Its Two Kinds of ''Upādāna''265 * On ''Gotrabhū''280 <center>IV. ''TATHĀGATAGARBHA'' DOCTRINE IN GENERAL</center> * The Buddhist Concept of the Spiritual Family293 * The ''Tathāgatagarbha'' Theory in the ''Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra''299 * ''Tathāgatagarbha'' and the Community of Bodhisattvas311 * Ethische Implikationen der ''Tathāgatagarbha''-Lehre324 * Thoughts on ''Dhātu-vāda'' and Recent Trends in Buddhist Studies343 * The ''Tathāgatagarbha'' Theory Reconsidered: Reflections on Some Recent Issues in Japanese Buddhist Studies352 <center>V. JAPANESE AND EAST ASIAN BUDDHISM</center> * A History of East Asian Buddhist Thought: The Formation of a Sphere of Chinese-Canon-Based Buddhism369 * "Japanization" of Buddhism417 * The Ekayāna (One Vehicle) Doctrine as the Basis of Japanese Buddhism432 * Kōbō Daishi (Kūkai) and ''Tathāgatagarbha'' Thought451 * ''Saṃsāra eva nirvāṇam''480 * "Non-Sentient Beings Preaching the Dharma": Buddhist Views on the Environment499 * Some Problems in the Tibetan Translations from Chinese Materials524 <center>VI. BUDDHIST STUDIES IN JAPAN</center> * One Hundred Years of Buddhist Studies in Japan539 <center>VII. BOOK REVIEWS</center> * John M. Koller, ''Oriental Philosophies''565 * David Seyfort Ruegg, ''La théorie du tathāgatagarbha et du gotra''571 * Alex & Hideko Wayman, ''The Lion's Roar of Queen Śrīmālā''586 * Hajime Nakamura, ''Indian Buddhism''591 * Index 595

Coming to Terms with Chinese Buddhism +

* ACKNOWLEDGMENTSix * ABBREVIATIONSxi * CONVENTIONS OF USAGExii * Introduction: Prolegomenon to the Study of Medieval Chinese Buddhist Literature1 *''Part 1: The Historical and Cosmological Background'' * 1. The Date and Provenance of the Treasure Store Treatise31 * 2. Chinese Buddhism and the Cosmology of Sympathetic Resonance77 * ''Part 2: Annotated Translation of the'' Treasure Store Treatise Introduction to the Translation137 * 3. The ''Treasure Store Treatise''/Chapter One The Broad Illumination of Emptiness and Being143 * 4. The ''Treasure Store Treatise''/Chapter Two The Essential Purity of Transcendence and Subtlety193 * 5. The ''Treasure Store Treatise''/Chapter Three The Empty Mystery of the Point of Genesis228 * Appendix 1: On Esoteric Buddhism in China263 * Appendix 2: Scriptural Quotations in the ''Treasure Store Treatise''279 * NOTES287 * WORKS CITED345 * INDEX379 +

Commentary on The Presentation of Grounds, Paths, and Results +

* '''''Chapter 1''''' * '''Two Approaches to Ultimate Realization''''''1''' <center>'''THE PRESENTATION OF THE PATHS'''</center> * '''''Chapter 2''''' * '''The Presentation of the Paths''' '''3''' ** The Meaning of Path 3 *** ''The Presentation of Grounds and Paths in the Causal Vehicle of Characteristics''4 *** ''1. The presentation of the natures of the paths''5 * '''''Chapter 3''''' * '''The Entity of Path''' '''7''' *** ''1.1. The entity of path''7 ** The Definition of Path8 ** The First Incorrect Definition8 ** The Second Incorrect Definition9 ** The Third Incorrect Definition10 ** Summary of the Three Incorrect Definitions10 * '''''Chapter 4''''' * '''The Classificational Enumerations of the Paths''''''11''' *** ''1.2. The classificational enumerations''11 ** Five Paths, One Practice12 * '''''Chapter 5''''' * '''The Semantic Explanation of Path''''''15''' *** 1.3. ''The semantic explanation of the meaning of the term''15 * '''''Chapter 6''''' * '''Nominal and Actual Paths''''''17''' *** ''1.4. The difference between actual and nominal paths''17 * '''''Chapter 7''''' * '''The Five Paths''' '''19''' *** ''1.5. The detailed explanations of each one of the five paths''19 * '''''Chapter 8''''' * '''The Path of Accumulation''''''21''' *** ''1.5.1. The path of accumulation''21 * THE DEFINITION OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION21 *** ''1.5.1.1. Setting up its definition''21 * THE ILLUSTRATION OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION22 *** ''1.5.1.2. Identifying its illustration''22 * THE EXTENSIVE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION23 *** ''1.5.1.3. The extensive classification''23 ** The Threefold Classification of Lesser, Medium, and Greater23 *** The Four Intense Applications of Mindfulness24 *** The Four Perfect Relinquishments24 *** The Four Limbs of Miraculous Powers25 *** Two Reasons for the Threefold Classification25 ** The Alternative Fourfold Classification26 * THE NATURE OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION27 *** ''1.5.1.4 Determining its nature''27 ** The Psychophysical Supports in Which It Arises27 ** The Grounds on Which It Relies28 ** The Objects on Which It Focuses28 * THE FEATURES OF RELINQUISHMENT & REALIZATION OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION29 *** ''1.5.1.5. The features of relinquishment and realization''29 * THE QUALITIES OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION31 *** ''1.5.1.6. Stating its qualities''31 * THE FUNCTION OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION33 *** ''1.5.1.7. Its function''33 * THE SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION35 *** ''1.5.1.8. Teaching its semantic explanation''35 * '''''Chapter 9''''' * '''The Path of Junction'''37 *** ''1.5.2. The path of junction''37 * THE DEFINITION OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION37 *** ''1.5.2.1. Setting up its definition''37 * THE ILLUSTRATION OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION40 *** ''1.5.2.2. Identifying its illustration''40 * THE EXTENSIVE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION40 *** ''1.5.2.3. The extensive classification''40 ** The Classification Through Nature41 ** The Classification in Terms of Accumulation and Junction41 ** The Classification in Terms of Lesser and Greater42 ** The Classification by Way of Realization43 *** The Phase of Heat 45 *** The Phase of Peak 46 *** The Phase of Endurance 49 *** The Phase of Supreme Dharma50 * THE NATURE OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION52 *** ''1.5.2.4. Determining its nature''52 ** The Psychophysical Supports in Which It Arises52 ** The Grounds on Which It Relies53 ** The Objects on Which It Focuses56 * THE FEATURE OF RELINQUISHMENT & REALIZATION OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION58 *** ''1.5.2.5. The features of relinquishment and realization''58 ** What Is Relinquished 59 ** What Is Realized 60 * THE QUALITIES OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION63 *** ''1.5.2.6. Stating its qualities''63 * THE FUNCTION OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION64 *** ''1.5.2.7. Its function''64 * THE SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION65 *** ''1.5.2.8. Teaching its semantic explanation''65 * '''''Chapter 10''''' * '''The Path of Seeing''' '''67''' *** ''1.5.3. The path of seeing''67 * THE DEFINITION OF THE PATH OF SEEING67 *** ''1.5.3.1. Setting up its definition''67 * THE ILLUSTRATION OF THE PATH OF SEEING69 *** ''1.5.3.2. Identifying its illustration''69 * THE EXTENSIVE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PATH OF SEEING70 *** ''1.5.3.3. The extensive classification''70 * THE NATURE OF THE PATH OF SEEING71 *** ''1.5.3.4. Determining its nature''71 ** The Way in Which the Factors to be Relinquished Through Seeing Are Relinquished72 *** ''1.5.3.4.1. The presentation of the way in which the factors to be relinquished through seeing are relinquished''72 ** The Definition of the Factors to be Relinquished72 *** ''1.5.3.4.1.1. The definition of the factors to be relinquished''72 ** The Extensive Classification of the Factors to be Relinquished73 *** ''1.5.3.4.1.2. The extensive classification of the factors to be relinquished''73 *** ''1.5.3.4.1.2.1. The classification of their entity''74 *** ''1.5.3.4.1.2.2. The classification of the way of relinquishment''76 ** The Way in Which the Factors to be Relinquished Are Relinquished78 * ''1.5.3.4.1.3. The way in which the factors to be relinquished are relinquished''78 ** The Way in Which the Path of Seeing Arises82 *** ''1.5.3.4.2. The presentation of the way in which the path of seeing arises''82 ** The Psychophysical Supports in Which It Arises82 *** ''1.5.3.4.2.1. The (psychophysical) supports in which it arises''82 ** The Grounds on Which It Relies83 *** ''1.5.3.4.2.2. The grounds on which it relies''83 ** The Ways of Realization 85 *** ''1.5.3.4.2.3. The ways of realization''85 ** From How Many Moments It Arises87 *** ''1.5.3.4.2.4. (The issue) from how many moments it arises''87 *** ''1.5.3.4.2.4.1. The system of the common vehicle''87 *** ''1.5.3.4.2.4.2. The uncommon system''91 * THE FEATURES OF RELINQUISHMENT & REALIZATION OF THE PATH OF SEEING93 *** ''1.5.3.5. The features of relinquishment and realization''93 ** What Is Relinquished 93 ** What Is Realized 94 * THE QUALITIES OF THE PATH OF SEEING96 *** ''1.5.3.6. Stating its qualities''96 * THE FUNCTION OF THE PATH OF SEEING99 *** ''1.5.3.7. Its function''99 * THE SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE PATH OF SEEING99 *** ''1.5.3.8. Teaching its semantic explanation''99 * '''''Chapter 11''''' * '''The Path of Meditation''''''103''' *** ''1.5.4. The path of meditation''103 * THE DEFINITION OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION103 *** ''1.5.4.1. Setting up its definition''103 * THE ILLUSTRATION OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION104 *** ''1.5.4.2. Identifying its illustration''104 * THE EXTENSIVE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION108 *** ''1.5.4.3. The extensive classification''108 ** The Mundane Path of Meditation109 *** ''1.5.4.3.1. The mundane path of meditation''109 ** The Supramundane Path of Meditation109 *** ''1.5.4.3.2. The supramundane path of meditation''109 ** Classification Through Its Psychophysical Supports110 ** Classification Through the Factors to be Relinquished111 ** Classification Through the Paths111 ** Classification Through Its Entity112 ** Classification Through Familiarization112 * THE NATURE OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION113 *** ''1.5.4.4. Determining its nature''113 ** The Factors to be Relinquished Through Meditation113 *** ''1.5.4.4.1. The way in which the factors to be relinquished through meditation are relinquished''113 *** The Definition of the Factors to be Relinquished Through Meditation114 *** Their Extensive Classification116 *** The Way in Which They Are Relinquished Through the Remedies117 ** The Arising of the Path of Meditation118 *** ''1.5.4.4.2. The way in which the path of meditation arises''118 *** The Psychophysical Supports in Which It Arises118 *** The Grounds on Which It Relies119 *** The Objects on Which It Focuses120 * THE FEATURES OF RELINQUISHMENT & REALIZATION ON THE PATH OF MEDITATION121 *** ''1.5.4.5. The features of relinquishment and realization''121 ** What is Relinquished 122 ** What is Realized 122 * THE QUALITIES OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION124 *** ''1.5.4.6. Stating its qualities''124 * THE FUNCTION OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION125 *** ''1.5.4.7. Its function''125 * THE SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION126 *** ''1.5.4.8. Teaching its semantic explanation''126 * '''''Chapter 12''''' * '''The Path of Completion''' '''129''' *** ''1.5.5. The path of completion''129 * THE DEFINITION OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION129 *** ''1.5.5.1. Setting up its definition''129 * THE ILLUSTRATION OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION131 *** ''1.5.5.2. Identifying its illustration''131 * THE EXTENSIVE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION131 *** ''1.5.5.3. The extensive classification''131 ** The Classification of the Three Vehicles132 ** The Classification of the Two Paths132 ** The Classification of the Three Grounds132 ** Two Other Distinctive Features132 ** The Ten Dharmas of No More Learning134 ** The Five Uncontaminated Aggregates135 * THE NATURE OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION136 *** ''1.5.5.4. Determining its nature''136 ** The Psychophysical Supports in Which It Arises & The Grounds It Relies on136 ** The Objects It Focuses on 137 * THE FEATURES OF RELINQUISHMENT & REALIZATION OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION138 *** ''1.5.5.5. The features of relinquishment and realization''138 ** What is Relinquished 139 ** What is Realized 139 * THE QUALITIES OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION140 *** ''1.5.5.6. Stating its qualities''140 * THE FUNCTION OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION141 *** ''1.5.5.7. Its function''141 * THE SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION141 *** ''1.5.5.8. Teaching its semantic explanation''141 <center>'''THE PRESENTATION OF GROUNDS'''</center> * '''''Chapter 13''''' * '''The Presentation of Grounds''''''143''' * '''''Chapter 14''''' * '''The Two Grounds''''''149''' *** ''2. Teaching the presentation of the grounds''149 *** ''2.1. The presentation as two grounds''149 *** ''2.1.1. The brief introduction''149 * THE GROUNDS FREE FROM ATTACHMENT150 *** ''2.1.2. The detailed explanation''150 *** ''2.1.2.1. The grounds free from attachment''150 ** The Ground of Fully Seeing What is White151 ** The Ground of Disposition 152 ** The Eighth Ground 152 ** The Ground of Seeing 153 ** The Ground of Diminishment 153 ** The Ground of Freedom From Desire153 ** The Ground of Realizing Completion153 ** The Ground of Hearers154 ** The Ground of Solitary Realizers155 * THE BUDDHA GROUNDS 156 *** ''2.1.2.2. The Buddha grounds''156 * THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE TWO157 *** ''2.2. Teaching the differences between these two''157 ** The Difference of Miraculous Powers158 ** The Difference of Supernatural Knowledges158 ** The Difference of Realization 158 ** The Difference of Meditation 159 ** The Difference of Seeing 159 ** The Difference of Language, Teaching the Dharma, and Promoting Welfare161 ** The Difference of Nirvāṇa 162 * '''''Chapter 15''''' * '''The Detailed Explanation of the Buddha Grounds''''''165''' *** ''2.3. The detailed explanation of the Buddha grounds''165 * THE ENTITY OF GROUND 165 *** ''2.3.1. The entity of ground''165 * THE ILLUSTRATION OF THE BUDDHA GROUNDS166 *** ''2.3.2. The illustration'' 166 * THE SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE BUDDHA GROUNDS166 *** ''2.3.3. The semantic explanation''166 * THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE BUDDHA GROUNDS168 *** ''2.3.4. The classifications''168 ** The Classification in Terms of Beings and Noble Ones168 *** The Grounds of Ordinary Worldly Beings169 *** The Supramundane Grounds170 ** The Classification in Terms of the Ways of Attainment170 ** The Classification in Terms of the Ways of Accomplishment172 ** The Classification in Terms of Pride173 * '''''Chapter 16''''' * '''The Special Explanation of the Buddha Grounds''''''175''' *** ''2.3.5. The special explanation of the grounds of the uncommon great vehicle''175 * THE ENTITIES & SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE NAMES175 *** ''2.3.5.1. The entities and semantic explanations of the names''175 * THE THOROUGH PURIFICATIONS177 *** ''2.3.5.2. The thorough purifications and where one is transferred to''177 * THE PRACTICES & PERSONS ON THE TEN BHŪMIS179 *** ''2.3.5.3. The practices and persons''179 ** The Ten Pāramitā Practices 181 ** Persons With Pure View 181 * THE THREE TRAININGS & THE FIVE AGGREGATES184 *** ''2.3.5.4. The three trainings and the aggregates''184 ** The Three Trainings 184 ** The Five Pure Aggregates 187 * PURITY, RELINQUISHMENT, & REALIZATION188 *** ''2.3.5.5. Complete purities, relinquishments, and realizations''188 ** The Progressive Purification of the Ten Bhūmis188 ** The Factors to be Relinquished on Paths of Seeing and Meditation189 ** The Realization of the Ten Bhūmis191 * THE QUALITIES OF THE TEN BHUMIS195 *** ''2.3.5.6. The differences in terms of qualities and arising''195 * HOW BODHISATTVAS ARE REBORN198 ** Rebirth Through Influence 198 ** Rebirth Through Complete Maturation200 * '''''Chapter 17''''' * '''Why the Grounds Are Ten''''''201''' *** ''2.3.6. The reason why the number of the grounds is definitely ten''201 <center>'''THE PRESENTATION OF RESULTS'''</center> * '''''Chapter 18''''' * '''The Presentation of Results''''''205''' *** Determining the results of the vehicle of characteristics205 * '''''Chapter 19''''' * '''The Three Nirvāṇas''''''207''' *** ''1. The general explanation of nirvāṇa, the result of the three vehicles''207 ** Natural Nirvāṇa 208 ** The Nirvāṇa of Cessation 209 *** The Nominal Nirvāṇa of Cessation210 *** The Actual Nirvāṇa of Cessation210 ** Partially Incomplete & Complete Actual Cessations211 ** Nonabiding Nirvāṇa 212 * '''''Chapter 20''''' * '''The Special Explanation of Buddhahood''''''213''' *** ''2. The special explanation of Buddhahood, the result of the great vehicle''213 *** ''2.1. The nature of Buddhahood''213 ** The Terminological Meaning of Buddhahood215 *** ''2.2. The terminological meaning of this name''215 * '''''Chapter 21''''' * '''The Three Kāyas''''''217''' *** ''2.3. The way in which the activity of enlightened bodies is accomplished''217 ** The Causes of the Three Kāyas217 *** ''2.3.1. The teaching about the connection in terms of what is accomplished from which causes''217 ** The Accumulations of Merit & Wisdom218 ** The Great Akaniṣhṭha221 *** ''2.3.2. The explanation of the distinctive features of how this is accomplished in certain places''221 ** How the Form Kāyas Manifest 223 ** Why the Kāyas Are Three 223 ** The Detailed Explanation of the Three Kāyas225 *** ''2.3.3. The detailed explanation of the result that is accomplished''225 *** ''2.3.3.1. The explanation of the support, the enlightened bodies''225 *** ''2.3.3.1.1. The definitions and other (related topics)''225 * '''''Chapter 22''''' * '''The Dharmakāya''''''227''' *** ''2.3.3.1.1.1. The Dharma Body''227 *** ''2.3.3.1.1.1.1. The meaning of the term and the definition''227 ** The Eight Defining Characteristics229 ** The Twofold Classification 230 *** ''2.3.3.1.1.1.2. Its classification as different enlightened bodies''230 * '''''Chapter 23''''' * '''The Sambhogakāya''''''231''' ** The Meaning of Sambhogakāya231 *** ''2.3.3.1.1.2. The Enjoyment Body''231 *** ''2.3.3.1.1.2.1. The meaning of the term and the definition''231 ** The Definition of Sambhogakāya232 ** The Eight Characteristics & Five Certainties233 ** Classifications of Sambhogakāya234 *** ''2.3.3.1.1.2.2. The classification''234 ** How Sambhogakāyas Appear 235 * '''''Chapter 24''''' * '''The Nirmāṇakāya''' '''239''' ** The Meaning & Definition of Nirmāṇakāya239 *** ''2.3.3.1.1.3. The Emanation Body''239 *** ''2.3.3.1.1.3.1. The meaning of the term and the definition''239 ** The Eight Characteristics of a Nirmāṇakāya240 ** Classifications of Nirmāṇakāya242 *** ''2.3.3.1.1.3.2. The classification''242 * '''''Chapter 25''''' * '''The Intention of the Uttaratantra''''''245''' *** ''2.3.3.1.1.4. Teaching the intention of The Sublime Continuum as a supplementary topic''245 ** The Perfection of Genuine Purity245 ** The Perfection of Genuine Identity246 ** The Perfection of Genuine Bliss247 ** The Perfection of Genuine Permanence247 ** The Enlightened Body of a Buddha248 ** The Five Defining Characteristics248 * '''''Chapter 26''''' * '''The Distinctive Features of the Three Kāyas''''''251''' *** ''2.3.3.1.2. The explanation of the distinctive features of the three enlightened bodies''251 *** ''2.3.3.1.2.1. The distinctive feature of equality''251 *** ''2.3.3.1.2.2. The distinctive feature of permanence''252 *** ''2.3.3.1.2.3. The distinctive feature of appearance''252 * '''''Chapter 27''''' * '''The Five Wisdoms''''''255''' *** ''2.3.3.2. The explanation of the supported, the wisdoms''255 *** ''2.3.3.2.1. The detailed classification''255 *** ''2.3.3.2.2. The meanings of the terms and their entities''256 ** Dharmadhātu Wisdom 256 *** ''2.3.3.2.2.1. The explanation of the meaning of the expanse of dharmas''256 ** Mirrorlike Wisdom 258 *** ''2.3.3.2.2.2. The explanation of the meaning of mirrorlike''258 ** The Wisdom of Equality 259 *** ''2.3.3.2.2.3. The explanation of the meaning of equality''259 ** Discriminating Wisdom 260 *** ''2.3.3.2.2.4. The explanation of the meaning of all-discriminating''260 ** All-Accomplishing Wisdom 261 *** ''2.3.3.2.2.5. The explanation of the meaning of all-accomplishing''261 ** The Causes of the Five Wisdoms262 *** ''2.3.3.2.3. The causes through which they are accomplished''262 ** The Five Wisdoms & the Eight Consciousnesses263 *** ''2.3.3.2.4. The ways of changing state''263 ** The Five Wisdoms & the Three Kāyas265 *** ''2.3.3.2.5. The way in which they are related to the enlightened bodies together with their way of knowing'' 265 ** The Way in Which Buddhas Know265 * '''''Chapter 28''''' * '''The Qualities of Freedom & Maturation''''''269''' *** ''2.3.3.3. The explanation of the qualities of freedom and complete maturation''269 *** ''2.3.3.3.1. The brief introduction''269 *** ''2.3.3.3.2. The detailed explanation''270 * THE QUALITIES OF FREEDOM270 * ''2.3.3.3.2.1. The qualities of freedom''270 ** The Thirty-Two Qualities 271 *** ''2.3.3.3.2.1.1. The thirty-two (qualities) as per the intention of The Sublime Continuum''271 *** ''2.3.3.3.2.1.1.1. Connection through a brief introduction''271 *** ''2.3.3.3.2.1.1.2. The detailed commentary on their meaning''271 ** The Ten Powers 271 *** ''2.3.3.3.2.1.1.2.1. The ten powers''271 ** The Four Fearlessnesses 273 *** ''2.3.3.3.2.1.1.2.2. The four fearlessnesses''273 * The Eighteen Unique Qualities274 *** ''2.3.3.3.2.1.1.2.3. The eighteen unique qualities''274 ** The Twenty-One Uncontaminated Qualities278 *** ''2.3.3.3.2.1.2.2. The twenty-one uncontaminated groups (of qualities) as per the intention of The Ornament of Clear Realization''278 * THE QUALITIES OF COMPLETE MATURATION283 *** ''2.3.3.3.2.2. The explanation of the qualities of complete maturation''283 *** ''2.3.3.3.2.2.1. The brief introduction''283 *** ''2.3.3.3.2.2.2. The detailed explanation''283 *** ''2.3.3.4. The explanation of the enlightened activity that is performed''289 *** ''2.3.3.4.1. The detailed explanation of the seven points of activity''290 *** ''2.3.3.4.2. Their summary in two points''291 * '''Chart I: The factors to be relinquished through seeing and meditation according to the great vehicle'''293 * '''Chart II: The factors to be relinquished through seeing and meditation according to the vehicle of the hearers'''295

Contributions to the Development of Tibetan Buddhist Epistemology +

* PREFACEVII * INTRODUCTION1 * CHAPTER 1. RNGOG LO-TSĀ-BA BLO-LDAN SHES-RAB AND THE RNGOG-LUGS OF EPISTEMOLOGY29 * CHAPTER 2. PHYA-PA CHOS-KYI SENG.-GE AND THE TSHAD-MA BSDUS-PA YID-KYI MUN-SEL59 * CHAPTER 3. SA-SKYA PANDXTA KUN-DGA' RGYAL-MTSHAN AND THE TSHAD MA RIGS-PA'I-GTER97 * CHAPTER 4. A TOPICAL OUTLINE OF GO-RAM-PA'S PRAMĀNAVĀRTTIKA COMMENTARY THE "RADIANT LIGHT OF SAMANTABHADRA"116 * BIBLIOGRAPHIES241 * NOTES257 * INDICES317 * ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS330 +

Counsels from My Heart +

** Preface by Kyabje Trulshik Rinpocheix ** Translator's Notexi ** Acknowledgementsxv * 1 The Buddhadharma1 * 2 The Essence of the Path27 * 3 The Long Oral Lineage of the Nyingmapas31 * 4 Practicing the Teachings without Sectarian Bias47 * 5 An Introduction to the Bardo59 * 6 Magical Nectar77 * 7 Heart Jewel of the Fortunate83 * 8 An Aspiration to the Great Perfection89 * 9 The Life Story of Dudjom Rinpoche91 ** Glossary95 ** Notes107 +

Critical Buddhism +

* ''Acknowledgments''vii * ''List of Abbreviations''ix * Introduction1 * 1 Buddhism, Criticism, and Postwar Japan17 * 2 The Roots of "Topicalism"51 * 3 Problems in Modern Zen Thought83 * 4 Criticism as Anamnesis125 * 5 Radical Contingency and Compassion155 * ''Bibliography''175 * ''Index''197 +

Cultivating Original Enlightenment +

* ''Preface''vii * ''Abbreviations and Conventions''xi <center>'''Part 1: Study'''</center> * I Contemplative Practice in the ''Exposition of the Vajrasamādhi-Sūtra''3 * II The Writing of the ''Exposition''17 * III The ''Exposition'' as Commentary28 <center>'''Part 2: Wŏnhyos ''Exposition of the Vajrasamādhi-Sūtra:'''</center> <center>''' ''An Annotated Translation'' '''</center> * '''ROLL ONE'''47 * Part One: A Statement of Its Main Idea47 * Part Two: An Analysis of the Themes of the Sūtra48 * Part Three: An Explication of the Title50 * Part Four: An Exegesis of the Text57 ** Section One: Prologue57 ** Section Two: Main Body62 *** First Division of Contemplation Practice: Rejecting All Characteristics of Sense-Objects to Reveal the Signless Contemplation65 * '''ROLL TWO'''116 *** Second Division of Contemplation Practice: Extinguishing the Mind Subject to Production in Order to Explain the Practice of Nonproduction116 *** Third Division of Contemplation Practice: The Inspiration of Original Enlightenment137 *** Fourth Division of Contemplation Practice: Abandoning the Spurious to Access Reality166 * '''ROLL THREE'''211 *** Fifth Division of Contemplation Practice: Sanctified Practices Emerge from the Voidness of the True Nature211 *** Sixth Division of Contemplation Practice: Immeasurable Dharmas Access the Tathāgatagarbha243 ** Section Three (A): Dhāraṇī (Codes)271 ** Section Three (B): Dissemination271 * ''Appendix'': A Schematic Outline of Wŏnhyo's ''Exposition of the Vajrasamādhi-Sūtra''309 * ''Notes''335 * ''Glossary of Sinitic Logographs''377 * ''Bibliography''385 * ''Index''411

Currents and Countercurrents +

** Acknowledgmentsix ** Introduction ''Patterns of Influence in East Asian Buddhism: The Korean Case'' Robert E. Buswell, Jr.1 * CHAPTER 1 ''Paekche and the Incipiency of Buddhism in Japan'' Jonathan W. Best15 * CHAPTER 2 ''Kyǒnghǔng in Shinran's Pure Land Thought'' Hee-Sung Keel43 * CHAPTER 3 ''Korea as a Source for the Regeneration of Chinese Buddhism: The Evidence of Ch'an and Son Literature'' John Jorgensen73 * CHAPTER 4 ''Ch'an Master Musang: A Korean Monk in East Asian Context'' Bernard Faure153 * CHAPTER 5 ''Wǒnch'ǔk's Place in the East Asian Buddhist Tradition'' Eunsu Cho173 * CHAPTER 6 ''The Korean Impact on T'ien-t'ai Buddhism in China: A Historical Analysis'' Chi-wah Chan217 * CHAPTER 7 ''Ǔich'ǒn's Pilgrimage and the Rising Prominence of the Korean Monastery in Hang-chou during the Sung and Yuan Periods'' Chi-chiang Huang242 ** About the Contributors277 ** Index279

D

Daijō kishinron no kenkyū +

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Dasheng qixin lun yu foxue Zhongguohua +

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Demonstration of the Buddha-nature of the Insentient in Zhanran’s The Diamond Scalpel Treatise +

Table of Contents Unavailable +

Die Anwendung der Tathagatagarbha-Lehre +

* '''Inhalt''' * '''Vorwort'''8 * '''1 Einleitung''' * 1.1 Zielsetzung11 * 1.2 Methode und Abgrenzung des Themas13 * 1.3 ’Jam mgon Kong sprul Blo gros mtha’ yas, sein Leben und Wirken * 1.3.1 Kong sprul und die ''ris med'' Bewegung16 * 1.3.2 Publikationen zu Kong sprul24 * 1.3.3 Wesentliche Ereignisse im Leben von Kong sprul, eine Chronologie32 * 1.3.4 Kong spruls literarisches Lebenswerk, die ''mDzod Inga'' („Fünf Schätze“)47 * 1.4 Das Thema der Buddha-Natur * 1.4.1 Mahāyāna-Schriften zur Buddha-Natur und ihre Datierung52 * 1.4.2 Einschlägige Mahāyāna-Sūtren aus Sicht der tibetischen Exegese55 * 1.4.3 Indische Lehrwerke zur positiven Beschreibung der absoluten Wirklichkeit59 * 1.4.4 Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten zur Buddha-Natur bzw. damit verwandten Themen64 * '''2 Der ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' in Tibet''' * 2.1 Der ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' in der tibetischen Exegese74 * 2.2 Für die Karma bKa’ brgyud pa-Tradition wesentliche ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' Überlieferungen * 2.2.1 Maitrīpas Lehrtradition76 * 2.2.2 Sajjanas tibetische Schüler77 * 2.3 Stellung des ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' in den ''mahāmudrā''-Lehren der Karma bKa’ brgyud pa-Tradition84 * '''3 ''gzhan stong'' in Tibet''' * 3.1 ''gzhan stong'', Allgemeines94 * 3.2 Grundlagen für die tibetische ''gzhan stong''-Exegese in indischen Lehrwerken99 * 3.3 ''gzhan stong''-Mādhyamikas in Tibet bzw. Lehrer, in deren Wirken sich Elemente der ''gzhan stong''-Lehre finden104 * 3.4 ''gzhan stong''-Proponenten in der Darstellung von Kong spruls ''gZhan stong lta khrid'', Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede * 3.4.1 Allgemeine Bemerkungen113 * 3.4.2 Von Kong sprul als Wegbereiter der ''gzhan stong''-Lehren bezeichnete tibetische Lehrer * 3.4.2.1 Karma pa Rang byung rdo rje116 * 3.4.2.2 Dol po pa Shes rab rgyal mtshan132 * 3.4.2.3 Klong chen pa Dri med ’od zer138 * 3.4.3 Weitere von Kong sprul als ''gzhan stong''-Proponenten bezeichnete Lehrer145 * 3.4.3.1 Karma pa Chos grags rgya mtsho145 * 3.4.3.2 Shākya mchog ldan150 * 3.4.3.3 Tāranātha Kun dga’ snying po155 * 3.4.3.4 Si tu Chos kyi ’byung gnas160 * 3.5 Kong spruls Sichtweise165 * '''4 Kong spruls ''gZhan stong lta khrid'': „Die makellosen Lichtstrahlen des ''vajra''-Mondes, eine Anleitung zur Sichtweise von ''gzhan stong'', dem Großen Madhyamaka“ * 4.1 Das ''gZhan stong lta khrid'' in Kong spruls Werken, allgemeine Beschreibung des Textes195 * 4.2 ''lta khrid'' als Literaturgattung; Zweck und Verwendung197 * 4.3 Aufbau von Kong spruls ''gZhan stong lta khrid'' * 4.3.1 Struktur des Textes200 * 4.3.2 Inhaltliche Schwerpunkte in Kong spruls ''gZhan stong lta khrid'' * 4.3.2.1 Die drei Lehrzyklen, ihre hinführende und/oder definitive Bedeutung und die exegetische Zuordnung des ''Ratnagotravibhāga''202 * 4.3.2.2 Die im ''gZhan stong lta khrid'' dargestellte Anleitung gemäß der Sūtra-Tradition: * 4.3.2.2.1 „Was zu verstehen ist“ * 4.3.2.2.1.1 Die weltliche und die überweltliche Sichtweise214 * 4.3.2.2.1.2 Sichtweise und Meditation gemäß dem Niḥsvabhāvavāda- Madhyamaka220 * 4.3.2.2.1.3 Mögliche Fehlerquellen beim Niḥsvabhāvavāda-Madhyamaka231 * 4.3.2.2.1.4 Sichtweise und Meditation gemäß des Yogācāra-Madhyamaka234 * 4.3.2.2.1.5 Kong spruls Sicht zur nicht-zweiheitlichen Gnosis238 * 43.2.2.2„Die eigentliche Praxis“ gemäß der Sūtra-Tradition * 4.3.2.2.2.1 „Die Vorbereitung“ 240 * 4.3.2.2.2.2 „Der Hauptteil“ * 4.3.2.2.2.2.1 „Die Zufluchtnahme und das Entwickeln von bodhicitta“ 242 * 4.3.2.2.2.2.2 „Die Anleitung zur meditativen Übung der Einheit von ''śamatha'' und ''vipaśyanä''“244 * 4.3.2.2.2.2.3 „Das genaue Unterscheiden und die dadurch erfolgende Einführung in die Buddha-Natur“258 * 4.3.2.2.3 Die Praxis außerhalb der Meditation273 * 4.3.2.3 Die im ''gZhan stong lta khrid'' dargestellte Anleitung gemäß der Tantra- Tradition * 4.3.2.3.1 Vorbemerkungen282 * 4.3.2.3.2 „Was zu verstehen ist“283 * 4.3.2.3.3 „Die eigentliche Praxis“291 * 4.3.2.4. „Der Nutzen“294 * 4.4 Textedition und Übersetzung * 4.4.1 Anmerkungen zur tibetischen Textausgabe297 * 4.4.2 Anmerkungen zu Edition und Übersetzung300 * 4.4.3 Inhaltsübersicht des ''gZhan stong lta khrid'' mit Seitenverweis auf Edition und Übersetzung302 * 4.4.4 Edition des tibetischen Textes303 * 4.4.5 Übersetzung323 '''Abkürzungen, Bibliografie und Indices''' * Allgemeine Abkürzungen353 * Indische Werke354 * Tibetische Werke356 * Sekundärliteratur364 * Internet379 * Indices380

Distinguishing Phenomena from Their Intrinsic Nature +

** ''Foreword'' vii ** ''Introduction'' ix * Distinguishing Phenomena from their Intrinsic Nature 1 ** The Title 6 ** The Translator's Homage 7 ** The Meaning of the Scripture 7 ** The Essence of Cyclic Existence and the Transcendence of Suffering 8 ** The Characteristics of Phenomena 10 ** The Characteristics of their Intrinsic Nature 11 ** The Underlying Rationale for These Characteristics 12 ** Are Phenomena and Their Intrinsic Nature the Same or Different? 14 ** The Two Abodes 17 ** The Nonexistence of Apprehended and Apprehender 21 ** An Extensive Explanation of the Intrinsic Nature 28 ** Conclusion 66 ** Appendix: Ju Mipham's Topical Outline of ''Distinguishing Phenomena from Their Intrinsic Nature'' 71 ** ''Notes''75 ** ''English-Tibetan Glossary''77 ** ''Tibetan-English-Sanskrit Glossary''83 ** ''Bibliography''93 ** ''Index''95 +

Dusting Off Your Buddha Nature +

** Introduction1 * I Getting Started on the Path * 1 The Ten Steps — Graglia 201212 * 2 The Dangers of Skipping Ngöndro — Bologna 201427 * II The Common Preliminary Practices * 3 The Four Thoughts — Graglia 201246 ** A Precious Human Rebirth49 ** B Impermanence53 ** C Karma57 ** D Fault of Samsara60 * III The Uncommon Preliminary Practices * 4 Refuge — Graglia 201266 * 5 Bodhicitta — Graglia 201282 * 6 Mandala — Graglia 201396 * 7 Kusali Chod — Graglia 2013116 * 8 Vajrasattva — Graglia 2013126 * 9 Guru Yoga — Graglia 2012 and 2013140 * IV Beyond the Preliminaries * 10 Phowa — Graglia 2013166 * 11 Ego Guru Yoga — 2012 New York Summer Retreat173 * Epilogue197 * Appendix - Guided Practice — Seven Branch Prayer, Bodhisattva Vow, Guru Yoga — Graglia 2013 202 +

E

Early Ch'an in China and Tibet +

'''Foreword''' '''Preface''' '''Contributors''' '''Abbreviations''' '''I. CHINA''' * a. ''State of Scholarship'' * New Japanese Studies in Early Ch'an History1 ***Philip Yampolsky * b. ''Formative Period'' * The ''Li-tai fa-pao chi'' and the Ch'an Doctrine of Sudden Awakening13 ***Yanagida Seizan * Seng-ch'ou's Method of ''Dhyāna''51 ***Jan Yiin-hua * T'an-ch'ien and the Early Ch'an Tradition: Translation and Analysis of the Essay "Wangshih-fei-Iun"65 ***Whalen W. Lai * The Teachings of the Fourth Ch'an Patriarch Tao-hsin (580-651)89 ***David W. Chappell * The Concept of ''Ii nien'' ("being free from thinking") in the Northern Line of Ch'an Buddhism131 ***Robert B. Zeuschner * Early Hua-yen, Meditation, and Early Ch'an: Some Preliminary Considerations149 ***Robert M. Gimello * The Early Ch'an Monastic Rule: ''Ch'ing-kuei'' and the Shaping of Ch'an Community Life165 ***Martin Collcutt * c. ''The Developing Tradition'' * The "Recorded Sayings" Texts of Chinese Ch'an Buddhism185 ***Yanagida Seizan * Lin-chi on "Language-Dependence," An Interpretive Analysis207 ***Ronald L. Burr * Sinitic Mandalas: The ''Wu-wei-t'u'' of Ts'aoshan229 ***Whalen W. Lai *d. ''Interaction'' * The Ambiguity of the Buddha-nature Concept in India and China259 ***Andrew Rawlinson * The Problem of Desire and Emotions in Taoism and Ch'an281 ***John Visvader and William C. Doub * The Pure and the Impure: The Mencian Problematik in Chinese Buddhism299 ***Whalen W. Lai '''II. TIBET''' * a. ''State of Scholarship'' * The Study of Tibetan Ch'an Manuscripts Recovered from Tun-huang: A Review of the Field and its Prospects327 ***Daishun Ueyama * b. ''Tibetan Meditation Systems and Ch 'an'' * 'Meditation' Trends in Early Tibet351 ***Herbert V. Guenther * 'The Great Perfection' in the Tradition of the Bonpos367 ***Per Kvaerne * Indian Materials on the Doctrine of Sudden Enlightenment393 ***Luis O. Gomez '''Index'''

Entering the Way of the Great Vehicle +

* Acknowledgmentsix * Translator s Introductioni ** The Audacity of Rongzom’s Worki ** The Context for Rongzom’s Work2 ** The Story of Rongzom s Life6 ** Rongzompa’s Entering the Way of the Great Vehicle8 *** Summary of Chapter 112 *** Summary of Chapter 215 *** Summary of Chapter 319 *** Summary of Chapter 422 *** Summary of Chapter 526 *** Summary of Chapter 631 ** On the English Translation34 * The Commentarial Treatise Entitled ''Entering the Way of the Great Vehicle'' by Rongzom Chökyi Zangpo * 1. The Reality of Affliction39 ** The Śrāvaka System39 ** The Pratyekabuddha System42 ** The Yogācāra System42 ** The Madhyamaka System44 ** The Madhyamaka and Guhyamantra Systems53 ** Conclusion56 * 2. Objections and Replies59 ** First Objection: Concerning the Reality of Illusions59 ** Second Objection: Concerning the Reality of Causality63 ** Third Objection: Concerning the Reality of Pure Phenomena66 ** Fourth Objection: Concerning the Reality of Samsara79 * 3. Distinguishing the Perfected System of the Illusory in the Great Perfection from the Other Vehicles That Retain the Nomenclature of Illusion89 ** First Objection: Concerning the Reality of Confused Appearances89 ** Second Objection: Concerning Reality in an Illusory World91 ** Third Objection: Concerning the Yogācāra View of Concepts99 ** Some Supplementary Explanation concerning the Differences between the Aforementioned Views with respect to Limitations and Power105 ** Great Perfection as a Vehicle106 ** Great Perfection as a Transmission106 ** Great Perfection as a Doctrinal Discourse107 ** Great Perfection as a Continuum107 ** Great Perfection as a Hidden Intention108 ** Great Perfection as Intimate Advice108 * 4. The Great Perfection Approach to the Path Is Not Undermined by Reason111 ** Bodhicitta111 ** Conceptual Frameworks, Appearance, and Nature112 ** General Systems for Such Things as the Establishment and Negation of Identity and Difference115 ** On the Two Methods of [Establishing] Proofs116 ** Grammatical Treatises122 ** Logical Treatises122 ** Conclusion126 * 5. Writings on Great Perfection129 ** The Nature of Bodhicitta129 ** The Greatness of Bodhicitta129 ** Deviations and Obscurations130 ** Methods for Settling Bodhicitta130 ** From the Writings of Great Perfection130 *** Eight Additional Rubrics131 *** All Phenomena Are Seen to Be Perfected within the Single Sphere of Bodhicitta131 *** All Confused Appearance Is Seen as the Play of Samantabhadra132 *** All Sentient Beings Are Seen as the Profound Field of Awakening132 *** All Domains of Experience Are Seen as Naturally Occurring Self- Appearing Gnosis133 *** All Phenomena Seen as Perfected within the Nature of the Five Types of Greatness133 *** The Six Great Spheres137 *** The Elimination of Deviations and Obscurations138 *** Twenty-Three Points of Deviation143 *** The Seven Obscurations155 *** The Three Beings158 *** The Three Great Assurances159 *** The Three Fundamental Esoteric Precepts159 *** Resolution through Bodhicitta160 *** What Is Resolved in Great Perfection160 *** The Disclosure of Methods for Consolidating Bodhicitta161 *** Disclosing Those Points through Scriptural Sources164 ** On Critical Impediments to Concentration175 ** Criteria for the Attainment of Mastery over the Ordinary Mind180 ** On the Signs of Warmth184 ** On the Qualities of Bodhicitta185 * 6. Instructions on Paths Encountered through Methods Connected with Effort for Those Who Are Unable to Remain Effortlessly within the Natural State according to the Great Perfection Approach191 ** Other Paths as Doors to Great Perfection191 ** Six Faults Connected with Concentration192 ** Conceptuality193 ** Nine Obscurations Associated with the Path194 ** The Eightfold Concentration That Eliminates the Five Faults193 ** Six-Limbed Yoga199 ** Five Signs of Mental Stability201 ** After Attaining Such Signs of Mental Stability202 * Closing Verses209 * Appendix: Tibetan Names in Phonetic and Transliterated Forms211 * Abbreviations213 * Notes215 * Works Cited239 * Index243

Esoteric Instructions +

* Foreword ''by Khenchen Thrangu Rinpoché''9 * Preface13 * Introduction17 * The Root Text: Esoteric Instructions: ''A Detailed Presentation of the Process of Meditation in Vajrayāna''49 ** 1. Nyingma63 ** 2. Kadampa97 ** 3. Lamdré113 ** 4. Marpa Kagyu137 ** 5. Shangpa Kagyu233 ** 6. Zhijé and Chöd255 ** 7. Jordruk289 ** 8. Dorjé Sumgyi Nyendrup331 ** 9. Supplement: Śāntigupta339 * Appendix One: Outline of Book Eight, Part Four: ''Esoteric Instructions''345 * Appendix Two: General Contents of Kongtrul’s ''Treasury of Knowledge''355 * Abbreviations359 * Notes363 * Bibliography of Works Cited by the Author451 * Reference Bibliography473 * Index495 +

Existence and Enlightenment in the Laṅkāvatāra-Sūtra +

* Forewordxiii * Prefacexv <center>'''Introduction'''</center> * 0.1. The Purpose of the Study, and the Significance of the ''Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra'' within Buddhist Doctrinal History1 * 0.2. Dating the Text: Problems of Form and Interpretation13 * 0.3. Methodology and Outline of the Study23 <center>'''Part One: Concepts of Being'''</center> * 1.0. The Nature of Buddhist Ontology39 * General considerations * The practical aim of the Yogācāra Philosophy * 1.1. The Threefold Meaning of Tathāgata-garbha and its Relation to Ālaya-vijñāna: the ''Essence'' of Being51 * Preliminary considerations * Tathagāta-garbha as essential, supramundane, pure dharma, and its contrast with the Hindu Ātman * Tathagata-garbha as embryo, and the dynamics of Buddhahood * Tathāgata-garbha as womb or matrix of Buddhahood * Conclusion * 1.2. The Five Skandhas: the ''Temporal'' Manifestation of Being79 Introduction * Brief overview of the Ātman controversy prior to the ''Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra'' * Rūpa, or the formative elements of the five Skandhas * Nāma, or the formless elements of the five Skandhas * The Skandhas and the empirical self, or personality * The Skandhas and the trans-empirical Self, the Tathāgata * The five Skandhas and the denial of metaphysical dualities * Concluding remarks on the notion of Self and its varieties * 1.3. Dharmadhātu: the ''Spatial'' or Cosmic Dimension of Being117 Introductory remarks * Dharmādhatu as cosmic Law: the fundamental structure of the universe * Dharmādhatu as universal Void: the ground of Being * Concluding observations <center>'''Part Two: Concepts of Knowing'''</center> * 2.0. Buddhist Epistemology, Buddhist Dialectics135 Truth, untruth, half-truth, "the truth" * The tetralemma logic: a thousand years of Buddhist dialectics * The early use of the tetralemma in the Pāli canon * Rationality and irrationality in Nāgārjuna's relativistic logic * Epistemology in the ''Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra'': a radical critique of language, logic, and knowledge * Conclusions and preview of part two * 2.1. The Epistemological Reduction of the Citta-mātra (''Mind-only'') Doctrine169 * Preliminary considerations * Citta as the empirical mind * Citta as the transcendental Mind * Citta-mātra as explanation for the triple world (Tribhava) * Concluding words and the connection between ''Laṅkāvatāra'' and Zen * 2.2. From Mind to ''No-mind'': the Transcendental Leap beyond Empirical Cognition209 * Introduction * The five Dharmas or epistemic categories * The three Svabhāvas or modes of cognition * The attainment of Āryajñāna: transcendental Wisdom or Gnosis * Concluding remarks * 2.3. The Conjunctive System of the Eight Vijñānas: the Integration of ''Both Mind and No-mind'' States of Consciousness237 * Introductory remarks * Jñāna and Vijñāna: abstract intuition versus concrete knowledge * Khyāti- and Vastuprativikalpa-vijñāna: the perceptual and the object discriminating knowledge * The inner revolution (Parāvṛtti): the return to the tranquil state of pure consciousness (Ālaya-vijñāna) * Conclusion * 2.4. The Disjunctive Theory of Causation: Things are ''Neither this, Nor that'', for They Are All Subject to Causes and Conditions (Hetu-pratyaya)261 * Introduction * The expansion of the relevance of causation: from the psychological to the cosmic-philosophical principle * Causation as a possible theoretical basis for a monistic view of the world * Causation as a teaching device * Excursus: highlighting Nāgārjuna's thought in respect to causation * The soteriological value of the theory of causation * Concluding observations * 3.0. Final Overview287 * Appendix295 * Notes323 * Bibliography357 * Index365

Exposition of the Sutra of Brahma's Net +

Preface to * ''The Collected Works of Korean Buddhism''i On the Occasion of Publishing * ''The Collected Works of Korean Buddhism''v Preface to the English Edition of * ''The Collected Works of Korean Buddhism''viii * Prefacexxvii * Abbreviationsxxx * I. INTRODUCTION3 ** 1. Foreword5 ** 2. Taehyeon's Life and Works6 *** A. Taehyeon's Life6 *** B. Taehyeon's Writings13 ** 3. Taehyeon's Mahāyāna Vinaya Studies19 *** A. Silla Research on the ''Sutra of Brahma's Net''19 *** B. Sutras, Vinayas, śāstras, and Commentaries quoted in the ''Beommanggyeong gojeokgi''23 *** C. Characteristics of the ''Beommanggyeong gojeokgi''30 *** D. Influence in Japan34 *** E. Taehyeon's Interpretive Approaches toward the ''Sutra of Brahma's Net''39 ** 4. Meeting the Demands for Secular Relevance44 *** A. Taehyeon's View of the ''Sutra of Brahma's Net'' and "Filial Piety" 孝 and "Obligation for Kindnesses Received" 恩44 *** B. Other Regulations for Dealing with the World of the Time48 ** 5. Vinaya Thought through the Three Pure Sets of Precepts52 ** 6. References59 *** A. Canonical Collections59 *** B. Scriptural Sources60 *** C. Attributed Works60 *** D. Modern Works62 * II. ROLL ONE65 ** Commentator's Preface68 *** 1. Time and Place68 *** 2. Capacity (of the Audience)68 *** 3. How it is Categorized Within the Canon68 *** 4. Circumstances and Details regarding the Translation69 **** A. Number of Verses 頌品70 **** B. Causes and Conditions in China 中國因緣70 *** 5. Doctrinal Tenets 宗趣72 **** A. In General 總72 **** B. Mental Behavior 心行73 **** C. The Ultimate Theme 歸趣74 *** 6. The Title 題名79 **** A. The Short Title 題目79 ** Main Text81 **** A. The Explanation by the Original Teacher 本師說82 **** B. Opportunity for an Audience and Questions 見問84 **** C. The Answer 答93 * III. ROLL TWO151 ** Ten Grounds 十地153 *** 1. Ground of the Equality of the Essence 體性平等地153 *** 2. Ground of the Skillful Wisdom of the Essence 體性善慧地157 *** 3. Ground of the Luminosity of the Essence 體性光明地169 *** 4. Ground of the Knowability of the Essence 體性爾焰地173 *** 5. Ground of Wisdom-Illumination of the Essence 體性慧照地179 *** 6. Ground of the Floral Radiance of the Essence 體性華光地184 *** 7. Ground of Completion of the Essential Nature 體性滿足地188 *** 8. Ground of the Buddha's Roar of the Essential Nature 體性佛吼地193 *** 9. Ground of the Flower Ornamentation of the Essence 體性華嚴地198 *** 10. Ground of Entry into the Buddha Realm of the Essential Nature 體性入佛界地201 * IV. ROLL THREE209 ** The Grave Precepts 戒文211 *** 1. Invocation 付囑211 **** A. The Teaching Transmitted to the Transformation-body Buddhas 化佛傳說213 **** B. Repaying of Kindness and Separate Iteration of the Teaching 報恩別化213 **** C. The Exhortation 策發221 **** D. The Bodhisattva Precepts224 **** E. Preface on the Formation of the Precepts 結戒序246 *** 2. The Main Sermon 正說分254 **** A. General Outline 總標254 *** 3. The Ten Grave Precepts 十重戒260 **** A. Prohibition of Pleasurable Killing 快意殺生戒第一260 **** B. Prohibition of Stealing the Property of Others 劫盜人物戒第二266 **** C. Prohibition of the Heartless Pursuit of Lust 無慈行欲戒第三經275 **** D. Prohibition of Intentional Lying 故心妄語戒第四經284 **** E. Prohibition of the Sale of Alcohol 酤酒生罪戒第五經287 **** F. Prohibition of Speaking of the Faults of Others 談他過失戒第六經289 **** G. Prohibition of Praising Oneself and Disparaging Others 自讚毀他戒第七293 **** H. Prohibition of Stinginess and Abuse of Others 慳生毀辱戒第八296 **** I. Prohibition of Holding Resentments and Not Accepting Apologies 瞋不受謝戒第九303 **** J. Prohibition of Denigration of the Three Treasures 毀謗三寶戒第十307 **** K. Conclusion 結成門309 * V. ROLL FOUR315 ** The Minor Precepts317 *** 1. Preface to the Minor Precepts 輕戒序文317 **** A. Concluding the Former (Grave Precepts) and Initiating the Latter (Minor) 結前生後317 *** 2. Enumeration of the Precepts 次第誦出318 **** A. Division of Ten Precepts 判十戒318 **** B. Division of Ten Precepts 判十戒341 **** C. Division of Ten Precepts 判十戒357 **** D. Division of Nine Precepts 判九戒375 **** E. Division of Nine Precepts 判九戒401 *** 3. General Conclusion 總結424 **** A. Dissemination Section 流通分425 * INDEX429 * Contributors451 * Members of the English Translation Editorial Board ''The Collected Works of Korean Buddhism''453 * Members of the Compilation Committee of Korean Buddhist Thought454 * In Memoriam: The Most Venerable Kasan Jikwan455 * Executive Members of the Steering Committee of Korean Buddhist Thought457 * Collected Works of Korean Buddhism458

F

Finding Rest in the Nature of the Mind +

* Foreword by Alak Zenkar Rinpochexiii * Foreword by Jigme Khyentse Rinpochexv * Translators' Introductionxix * ''Part One: Finding Rest in the Nature of the Mind'' * Prologue3 ** 1. The Freedoms and Advantages of Human Birth So Hard to Find5 ** 2. Impermanence11 ** 3. The Sufferings of Samsara17 ** 4. The Karmic Law of Cause and Effect35 ** 5. The Spiritual Master51 ** 6. Refuge67 ** 7. The Four Unbounded Attitudes75 ** 8. Cultivating the Attitude of Mind Oriented toward Enlightenment85 ** 9. The Generation and Perfection Stages and Their Union103 ** 10. The View That Dwells in Neither of the Two Extremes, the Wisdom whereby the Nature of the Ground Is Realized115 ** 11. The Path: Stainless Meditative Concentration127 ** 12. The Three Aspects of Meditative Concentration143 ** 13. The Great, Spontaneously Present Result151 * Conclusion163 * ''Part Two: Excerpts from'' The Great Chariot * The Mind Is the Root of All Phenomena167 * Mind, Intellect, and Consciousness171 * The Eight Consciousnesses as the Basis of Delusion175 * The Three Natures179 * The Universal Ground191 * The Universal Ground, the Eight Consciousnesses, and the State of Sleep201 * The Tathagatagarbha205 * Refuge243 * The Three Concentrations of the Generation Stage253 * The Simple Practice of the Generation and Perfection Stages257 * The Mind and the Objects That Appear to It261 * The Omniscient Longchenpa Speaks about His Realization265 * Notes269 * Texts Cited in The Great Chariot301 * Bibliography305 * The Padmakara Translation Group Translations into English309 * Index311

Frameworks of Buddhist Philosophy +

* Foreword ''by Khenpo Tsültrim Gyamtso Rinpoche'' 7 * Introduction 9 * The Root Text: Frameworks of Buddhist Philosophy: ''A Systematic Presentation of the Cause-Based Philosophical Vehicles'' 57 ** 1. Three Yānas and Four Tenet Systems 83 *'''Section I: Hīnayāna''' ** 2. The Shrāvakayāna: An Overview and the Four Truths 87 ** 3. The Shrāvakayāna: Its Tenet Systems, Orders, and Results 123 ** 4. The Pratyekabuddhayāna 151 *'''Section II: Mahāyāna''' ** 5. The Mahāyāna’s Distinctions and Training 161 ** 6. Chittamātra 175 ** 7. An Overview of Madhyamaka 195 ** 8. Rangtong-Madhyamaka 203 ** 9. Svātantrika 217 ** 10. Prāsaṅgika 223 ** 11. Shentong-Madhyamaka 249 ** 12. Secret Mantra-Madhyamaka 269 * Appendix: Outline of the Text 275 * Glossary 283 * Endnotes 301 * Bibliography of Works Cited by the Author 407 * Reference Bibliography 423 * Index 459 +

Freedom From Extremes +

*Preface * ''by José Ignacio Cabezón''vii *In Memoriam: Geshe Lobsang Dargyay (1935-94) * ''by Eva Neumaier''xi * Introduction1 *Distinguishing the Views of Emptiness: Moonlight to Illuminate the Main Points of the Supreme Path ** ''Thematic Subdivisions of the Text''63 **Chapter 1 ** ''Three Ways of Understanding the Madhyamaka''69 **Chapter 2 ** ''The Refutation of Dol po pa''97 **Chapter 3 ** ''The Refutation of Tsong kha pa''115 **Chapter 4 ** ''The Middle Way as Freedom from Extremes''203 * Abbreviations239 * Notes243 * Bibliography337 * Index383 +

From Reductionism to Creativity +

* ''Foreword''ix * ''Acknowledgments''xv * ''Introduction''1 * 1 ABHIDHARMA : ITS SCOPE AND MEANING9 ** The Meaning of the Term ''Abhidharma''9 ** The Meaning of the Term ''Buddha''13 * 2 THE OPERATIONAL SYSTEM "MIND"15 ** The Importance of a Healthy Attitude15 ** A Structural Model of "Mind"23 ** "Mind" as a Self-Structuring Process34 * 3 THE CONTEXTUALIZED SYSTEM "MIND"41 ** Sociocultural Operators41 * 4 POLLUTANTS AND QUASI POLLUTANTS52 ** Pollutants52 ** The Quasi Pollutants58 ** Summary61 * 5 CONCENTRATION, CONTEMPLATION, MEDITATION: PRELIMINARIES ON THE WAY OF GROWING UP62 ** Objectivistic-Reductionistic Concentration66 ** Mentalistic-Creative Contemplation81 ** Holistic Imparting of Meaning89 * 6 THE WAY: THE EARLIER VIEW I95 ** Introductory Remarks95 ** The Theravāda Conception of the Way97 * 7 THE WAY: THE EARLIER VIEW Il106 ** The Śrāvaka and Pratyekabuddha Ways106 ** The Śrāvaka Conception of the Way106 ** The Pratyekabuddha Conception of the Way122 * 8 THE WAY: THE LATER VIEW I126 ** The Bodhisattva Way I: Prelude126 ** The Meaning of the Terms ''Bodhisattva'' and ''Bodhicitta''126 ** ''rigs''/''khams''128 ** ''de-bzhin''/''bde-bar gshegs-pa'i snying-po''132 ** The Activation of ''Bodhicitta''136 ** Ethics and Sociocultural Levels145 * 9 THE WAY: THE LATER VIEW II151 ** The Bodhisattva Way II: The Exact Itinerary151 ** The Build-up Phase151 ** The Probability of a Breakthrough161 ** The Way of Seeing165 ** The Way of Cultivating What Has Been Seen172 ** The Way of No More Learning174 * 10 RDZOGS-CHEN: SUPERCOMPLETENESS I184 ** Introductory Remarks184 ** The rDzogs-chen Program188 * 11 RDZOGS-CHEN: SUPERCOMPLETENESS II195 ** The Homologous Evolution of Man and God/Teacher195 ** The Evolution of the God/Teacher Idea195 ** The Evolution of Man as the Holomovement's Errancy Mode199 * 12 RDZOGS-CHEN: SUPERCOMPLETENESS III206 ** Ontological Difference and Coordinated Hierarchy206 ** The Ontological Difference206 ** Coordinated Hierarchy215 * 13 RDZOGS-CHEN: SUPERCOMPLETENESS IV223 ** The Role of Fluctuations in an Individual's Psychic Evolution223 ** The Homology of Mentation Pollutants and Originary-Awareness Modes223 ** The Dynamics of Self-Organization: Obscuration and Clearing235 * ''Epilogue''245 * ''Notes''249 * ''References''284 * ''Indexes''291 ** A. Technical Terms291 ** B. Subjects300

Fundamental Potential for Enlightenment in Tibetan Buddhism +

* Colour Plates7 * Illustrations9 * Foreward by His Holiness the Dalai Lama11 * Acknoweledgements13 * Homage15 * Introduction17 * '''PART ONE: POTENTIAL ACCORDING TO THE 'ORNAMENT FOR THE MAHAYANA SUTRAS'''''''25''' * 1 Brief Explanation of Buddha Potential27 * 2 Extensive Explanation of Buddha Potential29 * 3 Summary83 * '''PART TWO: POTENTIAL ACCORDING TO THE 'SUBLIME CONTINUUM'''''''85''' * 4 Brief Explanation83 * 5 Clear Light Nature of Mind87 * 6 The Nine Examples of Buddha Potential91 * 7 The Meaning of the Nine Examples117 * 8 How to Practise Buddha Potential133 * 9 Great Enlightenment153 * Dedication201 * Biography of Geshe Acharya Thubten Loden203 * Outline231 * Quotations235 * Glossary283 * Bibliography299 * Index305 +

G

Gateway to Knowledge Vol. III +

<center>''Acknowledgements''</center> <center>''VII''</center> <center>15. The Mundane Vehicles</center> <center>''181''</center> <center>16. Hinayana</center> <center>''183''</center> <center>17. The Superiority of Mahayana</center> <center>''186''</center> <center>18. The Path of Mahayana</center> <center>''190''</center> <center>19. Buddha-nature</center> <center>''217''</center> <center>20. The Journey of Mahayana</center> <center>''221''</center> <center>21. Buddhahood</center> <center>''224''</center> <center>22. The Conditioned and the Unconditioned</center> <center>''252''</center> <center>Notes</center> <center>''272''</center> +

Gongchig: The Single Intent, the Sacred Dharma +

* Foreword 7 * Acknowledgements 9 * Translator's Note 10 'JIG RTEN GSUM MGON (JIGTEN SUMGON) ''DGONGS GCIG (GONGCHIG) - THE SINGLE INTENT, THE SACRED DHARMA'' * ROOT TEXT 11 ** The Invocation 13 ** Section I 13 ** Section II 14 ** Section III 15 ** Section IV 16 ** Section V 16 ** Section VI 17 ** Section VII 18 ** Epilogue 19 ** The Supplement 20 RIG 'DZIIN CHOS KYI GRAGS PA (RIGDZIN CHOKYI DRAGPA) THE LAMP DISPELLING THE DARKNESS A VERSE COMMENTARY ON THE DIFFICULT POINTS OF * ''DGONGS GCIG (GONGCHIG)- THE SINGLE INTENT, THE SACRED DHARMA'' 25 ** The Invocation 27 ** Section I 29 ** Section II 47 ** Section III 55 ** Section IV 69 ** Section V 85 ** Section VI 101 ** Section VII 115 ** Section VIII 125 ** Epilogue 143 ** Bibliography and Abbreviations 147 RIG 'DZIN CHOS KYI GRAGS PA (RIGDZIN CHOKYI DRAGPA) THE LAMP DISPELLING THE DARKNESS A VERSE COMMENTARY ON THE DIFFICULT POINTS OF ''DGONGS GCIG (GONGCHIG)- THE SINGLE INTENT, THE SACRED DHARMA'' * TIBETAN TEXT 153 ** Notes on the Tibetan Text154 ** The Invocation 155 ** Section I 156 ** Section II 174 ** Section III 182 ** Section IV 195 ** Section V 210 ** Section VI 227 ** Section VII 240 ** Section VIII 250 ** Epilogue 272

Grains of Gold: Tales of a Cosmopolitan Traveler +

***Introduction ***''By Thupten Jinpa and Donald Lopez Jr. 1'' * 1 First, How I Set Out from Lhasa29 * 2 General Formation of the Land of India and How It Acquired Its Name59 * 3 How the Lands Were Given Their Names71 * 4 The Snow Mountains of the North and Analysis of Related Issues89 * 5 What the Famous Places of the Past Are Like95 * 6 On Men, Women, Food, Drink, and Various Apparel129 * 7 Identification of Various Species of Flowers and Trees and How to Recognize Them175 * 8 Writing Systems of Various Regions of Past and Present189 * 9 On the Linguistic Rules of the Tibetan Language209 * 10 The Inscriptions of the Dharma King Aśoka Carved on the Rock Face of Mount Girnar221 * 11 The Gupta Dynasty229 * 12 The Pāla Dynasty259 * 13 From 1,600 Years after the Passing of the Buddha to the Present279 * 14 On the History of Siṅghala305 * 15 On the Conditions and the Customs of the Tibetan People in Ancient Times349 * 16 The Religion of the Tīrthikas363 * 17 Conclusion397 *** Appendix A: Tibetan Transliteration417 *** Appendix B: Glossary of Terms419 *** Acknowledgments425 *** Notes427 *** Index453 +

Guhyasamāja Practice in the Ārya Nāgārjuna System - Vol. 1 +

* Abbreviationsxi * Translator’s Prefacexv * Translator’s Introductionxxix *''Oral Commentary on the Self-Generation Ritual'' * 1. The Initial Practice3 ** Preliminaries3 *** Verses of Supplication3 *** Generating Oneself into a Divine Form Instantaneously16 *** Blessing the Vajra and the Bell24 *** Blessing the Inner Offering40 *** The Preliminary Torma Offering59 *** Blessing the Self-Generation Offerings80 *** The Mandala Offering87 *** The Vajrasattva Meditation and Mantra Recitation94 *** Worshipping the Merit Field122 *** Meditating on the Protection Wheel162 ** The Main Rite of Clear Realization195 *** Taking Death as the Path to the Wisdom Body196 **** Meditating on the Ground of Transcendent Awareness196 **** Generating the Vajra Ground211 **** Generating the Mandala Palace218 **** Installing the Deities235 **** The Activity of the Deities249 **** Drawing the Deities into One's Body251 **** Placing the Deities into the Mandala of Ultimate Reality257 *** Taking the Intermediate State as the Path to the Enjoyment Body273 *** Taking Rebirth as the Path to the Emanation Body284 **** Generating the Emanation-Body Form of Vajradhara285 **** Creating the Body Mandala294 ***** Creating the Body Mandala’s Residence295 ***** Creating the Body Mandala’s Deities304 **** Blessing the Body, Speech, and Mind of Vajradhara's Emanation-Body Form319 **** Generating the Three Tiered Beings337 **** Affixing the Seal of the Lineage Lord341 *** Preparing a Knowledge Consort345 * 2. The Foremost King of Mandalas363 ** Generating the Mandala Palace and Its Divine Residents363 ** Emitting the Mandala Deities377 ** Emitting the Mandala Palace409 * 3. The Foremost King of Activities411 ** Spiritual Practices Carried Out during Meditation Sessions411 *** The Practice of the Subtle Drop411 *** Mantra Recitation422 *** Reappearance of the Deity Who Dissolved442 *** Reciting Verses of Praise, Presenting Offerings, and Tasting Nectar448 **** Reciting the Verses of Praise449 **** Presenting the Outer Offerings452 **** Tasting the Nectar of the Inner Offering457 **** The Secret Offering and the Offering of Ultimate Reality466 *** Dissolution468 *** The Generation-Stage Portion of the Aspirational Prayer472 ** Spiritual Practices Carried Out between Meditation Sessions500 *** The Yoga of Ordinary Activities501 *** Blessings One’s Residence502 *** Blessing One’s Clothing503 *** The Spiritual Practice That Relates to Bathing503 *** The Spiritual Practices That Relate to Sleeping and Waking Up504 *** The Meditative Absorption That Relates to Food507 *** Reinvigorating the Body512 *** The Methods of Achieving the Common Spiritual Attainments512 *''The Self-Generation Ritual'' * The Initial Practice517 ** Preliminaries517 *** Verses of Supplication517 *** Generating Oneself into a Divine Form Instantaneously529 *** Blessing the Vajra and the Bell529 *** Blessing the Inner Offering531 *** The Preliminary Torma Offering533 *** Blessing the Self-Generation Offerings541 *** The Mandala Offering543 *** The Vajrasattva Meditation and Mantra Recitation545 *** Worshipping the Merit Field549 *** Meditating on the Protection Wheel557 ** The Main Rite of Clear Realization571 *** Taking Death as the Path to the Wisdom Body571 **** Meditating on the Ground of Transcendent Awareness571 **** Generating the Vajra Ground571 **** Generating the Mandala Palace573 **** Installing the Deities577 **** The Activity of the Deities587 **** Drawing the Deities into One’s Body587 **** Placing the Deities into the Mandala of Ultimate Reality589 *** Taking the Intermediate State as the Path to the Enjoyment Body589 *** Taking Rebirth as the Path to the Emanation Body591 **** Creating the Body Mandala’s Residence593 **** Creating the Body Mandala’s Deities593 **** Blessing the Body, Speech, and Mind of Vajradhara's Emanation-Body Form605 **** Generating the Three Tiered Beings611 **** Affixing the Seal of the Lineage Lord611 *** Preparing a Knowledge Consort613 * The Foremost King of Mandalas617 ** Generating the Mandala Palace and Its Divine Residents617 ** Emitting the Mandala Deities631 ** Emitting the Mandala Palace647 * The Foremost King of Activities647 ** Mantra Recitation647 ** Reappearance of the Deity Who Dissolved649 *** The Principal Deity Enters the State of Ultimate Reality649 *** The Principal Deity Arises from the Clear-Light State651 ** Reciting Verses of Praise, Presenting Offerings, and Tasting Nectar653 *** Reciting the Verses of Praise653 *** Presenting the Outer Offerings653 *** Tasting the Nectar of the Inner Offering655 *** The Secret Offering and the Offering of Ultimate Reality661 ** Dissolution661 ** The Concluding Torma Offerings663 *** Blessing the Outer Offerings663 *** Blessing the Tormas665 *** Inviting the Recipients of the Torma Offerings667 *** Presenting the Torma Offerings673 ** The Aspirational Prayer679 ** Verses of Auspiciousness689 * Bibliography695 * Index to Oral Commentary711

H

Heart Lamp +

* ''Advice to Myself''ix * ''Foreword by'' H. H. Dilgo Khyentse Rinpochexv * ''Introduction by'' Ven. Tulku Urgyen Rinpochexvii *'''Lamp of Mahamudra''' * ''Prologue''1 *''Section One'': GROUND MAHAMUDRA ** The View5 *''Section Two'': PATH MAHAMUDRA ** Shamatha and Vipashyana19 ** Faults and Qualities29 ** Experience and Realization37 ** The Four Yogas43 ** The Five Paths and the Ten Bhumis57 ** Enhancement71 *''Section Three'': FRUITION MAHAMUDRA ** The Three Kayas of Buddhahood77 * ''Epilogue''85 *'''The Heart of the Matter''' * ''Introduction''93 * ''Translator's Afterword''153 * ''Well-wishes''155 * ''Glossary for'' Lamp of Mahamudra157 *''Masters and Texts Quoted in'' ** The Heart of the Matter197 +

History of Buddhism (Chos-hbyung), Part 1 +

* Dedicatory verses1 <center>Book I.</center> * I. The Merit of Studying and Preaching the Doctrine8 ** I A. The Merit of Studying and Preaching in general. (3 b. 1)9 *** I Aa. The Merit of Study. (3 b. 2.)9 *** I Ab. The Merit of Preaching. (5 a. 1.)11 ****I Aba1. Worship of Buddha by Preaching the Doctrine. (5 a. 2.) —I Abb, Preaching of the Doctrine as superior to Material Gifts. (5 a. 3.) — I Abc1 Good Memory — a result of expoundIng Scripture. (5 a. 5.) — I Abd1 Augmentation of Virtue and Attainment of Enlightenment by Preaching. (5 b. 1.) *** I Ac. The Merit of Study and Preaching taken together. (5 b. 5.)13 ****1 Aca 1 Progress of Spiritual Merit through the Study of the 3 Vehicles. (5 b. 6.) - 1 Acb 1 Honours of Scholarship. (6 a 2.) - I Ace l Attainment of Enlightenment by the Study of the Doctrine. (6 b. 1.) ** I B. The Special Merit of Studying and Preaching the Mahāyānistic Doctrines. (6 b. 6.)15 *** I Ba. Prevalence over the Merit of the Hīnayānist Saints. (7 a. 1.)16 *** I Bb. Superiority to every other Kind of Merit in the Path. (7. a. 5.)16 *** I Bc. Certainty of Attaining Omniscience. (7 b. 3.)17 * II. General Review of the Litterature of Buddhism. (7. b. 6.)18 ** II A. The different Meanings of the word "''dharma''". (8 a. 1.)18 ** II B. Etymology of "''dharma''" (8 a. 5.)19 ** II C. Definition of "''dharma''" in the sense of "The Doctrine". (9 a. 3.)21 ** II D. The various Aspects of the Doctrine. (10 a. 2.)23 *** II Da. The Doctrine from the Standpoint of the Result. (10 a. 3.)23 *** II Db. The Doctrine as the Means of Realising Nirvāṇa (10 a. 5.)23 *** II Dc. The Doctrine In its Iitterary form24 ****II Dca1 The Word of Buddha (''pravacana''). (10 b. 4.) *****II Dca1a2 Its Definition (10 b. 5.) — II Dca1b2 Etymology of "''subhāṣita''" (including the 60 Qualities of the voice of a Buddha). (11 a. 1.) — II Dca1c2 Varieties of the Word of Buddha (B a. 5.) ******II Dca1c2a3 Varieties of the Word with regard to Time. (13a.5.) — II Dca1c2b3 Varieties with regard to the Subject-Matter. (13 a. 6.) — II Dca1c2c3 Varieties of Form. The 12 Classes. (13 b. 3.) II Dca1c2d3. Varieties of the Word from the standpoint of its being an Antidote against Sin. — The 3 Codes. (14 b .3.) *******II Dca1c2d3a4 The 12 Classes of Scripture as contained in the 3 Codes. (14 b. 5.) — II Dca1c2d3b4 Etymology of the word "''piṭaka''". (15 a. 3.) — II Dca1c2d3c4 The Motives for the Establishment of the 3 Codes of Scripture. (15 a.4.) ********II Dca1c2d3c4a5 The Codes of Scripture as purifying from different forms of Sin. (15 a. 5.) — II Dca1c2d3c4b5 The 3 Codes as corresponding to the 3 Disciplines. (15 b. 2.) — II Dca1c2d3c4c5 The 3 Codes with regard to the Subject studied. (15b.4.) *******II Dca1c2d3d4 Etymology of "Sūtra" , "Abhidharma", and "Vinaya". (16 a. 2.) ******II Dca1c2e3 Varieties of the Word with regard to the different converts (Hīnayāna and Mahāyāna, Philosophy and Tantra). (16 b. 5) - II Dca1c2f3 Varieties of the Word of Buddha with regard to the opportunity, at which it was pronounced (its principal Cause). (17 b. 5.). *******II Dca1c2f3a4 The Precepts delivered by the Buddha personally. {17 b. 5.) — II Dca1c2f3b4 The Word as the Result of the Buddha's Blessings. (17 b. 5.) — II Dca1c<suub>2f3c4 The Passages containing the Expression of the Will of Buddha. (18 a. 2.). **** II Dcb1 The Exegetical Treatises (''çāstra''). (18 a. 4.)41 *****II Dcb1a2 Definition. (18 a. 4.) — II Dcb1b2 Etymology of "''çāstra''". (18 a. 5.) — II Dcb1c2 The Varieties of Exegetical Treatises. (18 b. 3.). ******II Dcb1c2a3 Varieties as regards Quality. (18. b.3.) — II Dcb1c2b3 Varieties from the standpoint of the Aim. (18 b. 6.) — II Dcb1c2c3 Varieties of Subject-Matter (19 a. 1.). *******II Dcb1c2c3a4 Works, referring to Empirical Reality (''nīti-çāstra'' and the 5 Sciences). (19 a. 2.) — II Dcb1c2b3 Works, referring to Absolute Reality. (21 a. 5). — II Dcb1c2c3c4 Works, showing the Way to Salvation and Omniscience. (21 a.6.). *******II Dcb1c2d3 Varieties with regard to the Interpretation of Scripture. (21 b. 1.). — 1) Treatises, interpretating Early Scripture. (Hīnayāna). The Works on Vinaya and Abhidharma. (21 b. 2.) — 2. Treatises on Mādhyamika and Prajñāpāramitā. (22 a. 3.) — 3) Treatises, interpreting Scripture of the latest period. The Yogācāra litterature. (23 a. 3.) ******II Dcb1c2e3 The various classes of Exegetical Treatises. (24. b. 5.) * III. The Consideration and Fulfillment of the Rules, prescribed for Study and Teaching. (25 a. 6.)58 ** III A. Character of the Doctrine to be taught. (25 b. 1.)59 ** III B. Character of the Methods of Teaching. (26 b. 6.)62 *** IIIBa. Definition of the Teacher. (26. b. 6.)62 **** III Baa<su>1 The High Wisdom of the Teacher. (27. b. 3.)64 *****III Baa1a2 The Teacher's Knowledge of the Subject to be taught. (27 b. 4.) — III Baa1b2 The Teacher's Skill in the Means of expressing himself. (27 b. 5.) — III Baa1c2 His Knowledge as to his own behaviour and as to the Guidance of his Pupils. (29 a. 2.). **** III Bab1 The Teacher's Great Commiseration. (29 a. 6.)68 **** III Bac1 Correct Methods. (29 b. 4.)69 *** III Bb. The Means of Teaching. (30 a. 2.)70 *** III Bc. The Character of Teaching. (31 a.5.)73 **** III Bca1 The Character of Teaching with regard to the students. (31. a. 5)73 **** III Bcb1 The same, with regard to the Aim. (31 b. 4)73 **** III Bcc1 The manner of conducting the Teaching. (31 b. 4.)74 *****III Bcc1a2. Preparations. (31 b. 4.) — III Bcc1b2 The Teaching Itself. (32 b. 5.) — III Bcc<sub1c2 The Conclusion of Study. (33 a. 2.) ** III C. Character of the Methods of Study. (33 a. 3.)76 *** III Ca. Character of the Student. (33 a. 3.)77 ****III Caa1 The Student of acute faculties. (33. a. 3) ***** III Caa1a2 His Defects. (33 a. 4.)77 ******III Caa1a2a313 Defects according to Vyākhyāyukti (33 a. 4) — III Caa1a2b3 6 Defects. (33 b. 3). — III Caa1a2c3 3 Defects (34 a. 1.) *****III Caa1b2 Definition of the Student of acute faculties (34 a. 6.) *****III Caa1b2a3 The Student's Intelligence. (34 b. 1.) — III Caab2b3 Zeal and Desire to study. (34. b. 4.) — III Caa1b2c3 Devotion and Absence of Arrogance. (34 b. 5.) **** III Cab1 The Hearer of mediocre Faculties. (34. b. 6.)81 **** III Cac1 The Hearer of feeble Faculties. (35. a. 3.)82 *** III Cb. The Means of Study. (35 a. 6.)82 *** III Cc. The Manner of Studying. (36 a. 1.)83 **** III Cca1 Preparations. (36 a. 1.)83 **** III Ccb1 The Study by itself. (36 b. 3.)85 **** III Ccc1 Conclusion of the Study. (36. b. 4.)85 ** IIID. The Instructions for realising the Aim of the Doctrine. (36. b. 5.)85 <center>Book II.</center> * IV. The History of Buddhism. (39 a. 2)90 ** IV A. The Rise of Buddhism in Indien. (39 a. 2.)90 *** IV Aa. The different Aeons. (39 a. 4)90 *** IV Ab. The Buddhas of the Fortunate Aeon. (39 a. 6)91 ****IV Aba1 The Version of the Karuṇā-puṇḍarīka. (1005 Buddhas) (41 b. . .) — IV Abb1 The Version of the Tathāgata-acintya-guhya-nirdeça. (1000 Buddhas) (41 b. 3.) *** IV Ac. The Rise of the Buddha in this World. (44 b. 5.)100 ****IV Aca1d2 The first Creative Effort (''citta-utpāda''), according to the Hīnayānistic Tradition. (45 b. 2.) — IV Acb1a2 The Buddha's Accumulation of Merit, according to Hīnayāna. (46 a. 2.) — IV Acc1a2 The Hīnayānistic Tradition, concerning the Buddha's Attainment of Enlightenment. (47 a. 1.) — IV Aca1b2 The Creative Effort according to the Mahāyānistic Tradition. (47 a. 2.) *****IV Aca1b1a3 Its essential Character. (47 a. 3.) — IV Aca1b2b3 Its Causes. (47 a. 6.) — IV Aca1b2c3 Its Result. (47 b. 2.) — IV Aca1b2d3 Its VarietIes from different points of view. (47 b. 4.) — IV Aca1b2e3 The Mahāyānistic Tradition, concerning the Buddha's first Creative Effort. (48 b. 3.) **** IV Acb1b2 The Accumulation of Merit, according to Mahayana. (49 a. 3.)108 *****IV Acb1b2c3 Its Character. (49 a. 3.) *****IV Acb1b2a3a4 Its Definition (49 a. 4.) — IV Acb1b2a3b4 Connection with the 6 Transcendental Virtues. (49 a. 5.) — IV Acb1b2a3c4 The Etymology of "''saṃbhāra''". (49 a. 6.) IV Acb1b2a3d4 The Functions of the Accumulation (49 b. 1.) — IV Acb1b2a3e4 Its Modes.(49 b. 1.) IV Acb1b2a3f4 Its Result. (49 b. 3.) — IV Acb1b2a3g4 Its Sphere of Activity. (49 b. 5.) — IV Acb1b2a3h4, The Accumulation from different points of view. (49 b. 5.). ****IV Acb1b2b3 The Time of Accumulation (the 3 ''asaṁkhya''). (3 a. 3.) — IV Acb1b2c3 The Mahāyānlstic Traditions, concerning the Buddha's Accumulation of Merit. The Account of the Bodhisattva-piṭaka. (55 b. 2.). *** IV Acc1b2 The Attainment of Buddhahood-Mahāyānlstic Version (56 b. 4)127 ****IV Acc1b2a3 The Essence of Buddhahoad. (56 b. 5.) *****IV Acc1b2a3a4 The Essential Character of the 3 Bodies. (57 a. 2.) — IV Acc1b2a3b4 The Etymology of "''dharmakāya''" , "''saṁbhogakāya''", and "''nirmāṇakāya''". (57 a. 3.) — IV Acc1b2a3c4 The 3 Bodies as corresponding to their Aim. (57 b. 3.) — IV Acc1b2a3d4 The 3 Bodies as the Objects of Cognition of the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas. (57 b. 4.) — IV Acc1b2a3e4 The various Aspects of the 3 Bodies. (58 a. 4.). ****IV Acc1b2b3 The Acts of the Buddha. (59 a. 3.)

History of Buddhism (Chos-hbyung), Part 2 +

** Introduction3 ** The Life of the Buddha according to the ''Lalita-vistara'' (as a part of IV Acc1 b2 b3 — "The Acts of the Buddha" — in Vol. I.)7 ** The Buddha's attainment of Nirvāṇa according to the ''Vinaya-kṣudraka''56 *IV. Acc1 b2 c3 A detailed Exposition of the Essence of the Doctrine. (88 a. 3.) ** IV. Acc1 b2 c3a4. The Rehearsals of the Kanon. (Ibid.)73 ***IV. Acc1 b2 c3 a4 a5. The Rehearsals of the Hīnayānistic Scripture: **** The First Rehearsal. (88 a. 5.).73} **** The Second Rehearsal. (96 b. 4.)91 **** The Third Rehearsal and the 18 Sects. (99 a. 1.)96 *** IV. Acc1 b2 c3 a4 b5 The Rehearsal of the Mahāyanistic Kanon. (101 a.3.)101 ** IV. Acc1 b2 c3 b4. The Period of Existence of the Doctrine. (101 b. 1.)102 ***IV. Acc1 b2 c3 b4 a5. The Time during Which the Doctrine is to exist [Ibid.] Quotations from Sūtras and Çāstras. Calculations of Atīça, of the Sa-skya Paṇḍita etc. regarding the time that has passed since the death of the Buddha. (103 a. 5.) *** IV. Acc1 b2 c3 b4 b5. The Prophecies concerning the persons who furthered the spread of Buddhism. (104 b. 3.)108 **** The Prophecy of the ''Mahākaruṇā-puṇḍarīka''. (104 b. 6.).109 **** The Prophecy of the ''Mañjuçrī-mūla-tantra''. (105 b. 4.)111 **** The Prophecies concerning the Tantric Ācāryas of the ''Mahākāla- tantra-rāja'' and the ''Kālacakra- Uttaratantra''. (108 b. 4.)120 ***IV. Acc1 b2 c3 b4 c5. The Celebrated Buddhist Teachers of India. (110 a. 1.) **** The Teacher Nāgārjuna. (Ibid.)122 **** The Teacher Āryādeva. (112 b. 6.)130 **** The Teacher Candragomin. (113 b. 3.)132 **** The Teacher Candrakīrti. (114 b. 2.)134 **** The Biography of the Brothers Āryāsanga and Vasubandhu. (115 a. 2.)136 **** The Teacher Sthiramati. (119 a. 6.)147 **** The Teacher Dignāga. (120 a. 4.)149 **** The Teacher Dharmakīrti. (121 b.6.)152 **** The Teacher Haribhadra. (123 b. 3.)156 **** The Teacher Guṇaprabha. (125 b. 5.)160 **** The Teacher Çāntideva. (126 b. 1.)161 **** The History of the Grammatical Literature. (128 b. 5.)166 **** The Lost Parts of the Kanon. (130 a. 6.)169 ***IV. Acc1 b2 c3 c4. The Cessation of the Existence of the Doctrine. (131 b.4.) **** The Prophecy of the ''Candragarbha-paripṛcchā'', etc.171 ** IV B. The History of Buddhism in Tibet. (137 a.1.)181 ***IV. Ba. The Earlier Period of the Propagation of the Doctrine. (137 a. 2.) **** The Genealogy of the early Tibetan Kings. (137 a. 4.)181 **** The Reign of Sroṅ-tsen-gam-po. (138. a 2.)183 **** The Reign of Ṭhi-sroṅ-de-tsen. (139 b. 1.)186 **** The Controversy between Kamalaçīla and the Hva-çaṅ Mahāyāna. (143 a. 1.)193 **** The Reign of Ral-pa-can. (144 b. 6.)196 **** The Persecution of Laṅ-dar-ma. (145 b. 2.)197 ***IV. Bb. The Subsequent Period of the Propagation of the Doctrine. (147 a. 1.) **** The Activity of the 10 Monks of Ü and Tsaṅ (Ibid.)201 **** The Monasteries and Monastic Sections founded by them. (148 a. 6.)203 **** The Arrival of Dīpaṁkaraçrījñāna (Atīça). (153 a. 4.)213 **** The Translation of the Kanonical Texts by the Lotsavas and Paṇḍits. (153 b. 1.)214

I

Illuminator, a Light of Gnosis +

* Foreword by Jan-Ulrich Sobisch 3 * Introduction and acknowledgements 3 * Provenance 3 * Other known copies 3 * Features of the manuscript 4 * Dating the manuscript 5 * Scribes and annotators 6 * Carbon dating 7 * The author's introduction to the text and the order of chapters 8 * Translation of the introduction as found in the manuscript9 * Table of contents of the manuscript and concordance 11 * Summary of the Foreword in Tibetan 14 *Dorje Sherab (rDo rje shes rab) * Illuminator, a Light of Gnosis: The Great Commentary on The Single Intention (dGongs gcig 'grel chen snang mdzad ye shes sgron me)17 +

Impermanence Is Buddha-Nature: Dōgen's Understanding of Temporality +

* '''Preface'''ix * '''1. Impermanence'''1 * '''2. Buddha-nature'''18 * '''3. Being-time'''24 * '''4. Birth and Death'''72 * '''5. Dialectic'''78 * '''6. Time and eternity'''94 * '''7. Thinking'''113 * '''Epilogue'''130 * '''Notes'''133 * '''References'''141 * '''Index'''145 +

In Praise of Dharmadhātu +

* Abbreviations7 * An Aspiration by H.H. the Seventeenth Karmapa, Orgyen Trinlé Dorjé 9 * Foreword by H.H. the Seventeenth Karmapa, Orgyen Trinlé Dorjé 11 * Foreword by The Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche13 * Preface17 * Nāgārjuna and His Works21 ** Who Was Nāgārjuna? 21 ** What Did Nāgārjuna Write or Not Write? 22 ** Various Views on Nāgārjuna's Scriptural Legacy and Its Scope 30 ** Who or What Is Praised in Nāgārjuna's Praises?43 * A Brief "History" of Luminous Mind57 ** A Terminological Map for the ''Dharmadhātustava'' and Its Commentaries57 *** ''The Eight Consciousnesses''57 *** ''The World Is Imagination''59 *** ''Mind Has Three Natures''60 *** ''A Fundamental Change of State''63 *** ''The Expanse of the Basic Element of Being''63 *** ''Self-Awareness and Personal Experience''64 *** ''Having the Heart of a Tathāgata''66 *** ''Luminous Mind''67 ** Luminous Mind and Tathāgatagarbha68 *** ''The Eighth Karmapa on the Dharmadhātu as "Disposition" and Tathāgata Heart''83 *** ''Is Buddha Nature an Eternal Soul or Sheer Emptiness?''102 * The ''Dharmadhātustava''113 ** An Overview of the Basic Themes of the ''Dharmadhātustava''113 ** Translation: ''In Praise of Dharmadhātu''117 ** The Significance of the ''Dharmadhātustava'' in the Indo-Tibetan Tradition130 * The Third Karmapa, Rangjung Dorje, and His Commentary on the ''Dharmadhātustava'' 157 ** A Short Biography 157 ** Some Preliminary Remarks on Rangjung Dorje's View159 ** On Rangjung Dorje's Commentary on the ''Dharmadhātustava'' 193 ** Other Tibetan Commentaries on the ''Dharmadhātustava''198 ** Translation of Rangjung Dorje's Commentary206 * Appendix I: ''Outline of Rangjung Dorje's Commentary''307 * Appendix II: ''Existing Translations of the Praises Attributed to Nāgārjuna in the'' Tengyur310 * Appendix III: ''Translations of the Remaining Praises''313 * Glossary: ''English-Sanskrit-Tibetan''325 * Glossary: ''Tibetan-Sanskrit-English''329 * Bibliography333 * Endnotes344 * Index426

Indo-Scythian Studies: Being Khotanese Texts, Vol. 5 +

* ''Preface''''page'' vii * ''Apparatus''xiii * ''Texts''1 * ORIENTAL (British Museum) (Or.)1 * Hoernle (H.)25–77, 80–106 * Stein E. 1. 777–79 * Suvarṇbhāsa-sūtra106–119 * Khadaliq (Kha.)119 * Mazar Tagh (M.T.)192 * Balawaste226 * Ch. 0042 (Ch. Ch'ien-fo tung)236 * Ch. 0047 Uttaratantra237 * P 2740239 * Ch. 0020242 * Ch. 1. 0019242 * Ch. xlvi 0015 a Aparimitāyuḥ-sūtra243 * Ch. c. 001 755–851249 * Ch. c. 001 1062–1109253 * Ch. c. 002255 * Dandan öilik (D.)255 **(D. III 1, p. 69) * Dumaqu263 * Farhad beg (F.)271 * Hardinge271 * Harvard291 * Huntington294 * Hedong295 * Karma text''page'' 296 * Khotanese (India Office) (Khot. IO)290–313, 346–354 * Kuduk köl313 * Leningrad S313 * Otani313 * Pelliot (P.)315 * Sampula327 * Saṃghāṭa-sūtra328 * Tajik (Taj.)354 * Toghrak Mazar (T.M.)354 * E, folio 294355 * Kauśika-sūtra356 * Sitātapatrā-dhāraṇī S 2529 and Ch. c. 001, 1–198359, 368 * Appendix377 * Concordance390 * Addenda394

Inquiry into the Origin of Humanity +

** Figuresviii ** Prefaceix ** Abbreviations and Conventionsxiii *INTRODUCTION ** A Window on Chinese Buddhist Thought3 ** Historical Context25 ** A Note on the Translation38 * RUNNING TRANSLATION41 *ANNOTATED TRANSLATION AND COMMENTARY ** Tsung-mi's Preface65 **Part 1 Exposing Deluded Attachments: *** Confucianism and Taoism80 **Part 2 Exposing the Partial and Superficial: *** Introduction105 *** The Teaching of Humans and Gods110 *** The Teaching of the Lesser Vehicle128 *** The Teaching of the Phenomenal Appearances of the Dharmas148 *** The Teaching That Refutes Phenomenal Appearances161 *** Conclusion176 **Part 3 Directly Revealing the True Source: *** The Teaching That Reveals the Nature177 **Part 4: Reconciling Root and Branch: *** The Process of Phenomenal Evolution189 ** Glossary of Names, Terms, and Texts207 ** A Guide to Supplemental Readings227 ** Bibliography of Works Cited235 ** Index249 +

Interpretations of Unity: Hermeneutics in Śākya mchog ldan's Interpretation of the Five Treatises of Maitreya +

* Abstract2 * Acknowledgments7 * Abbreviations10 * Introduction13 ** 1. Context13 ** 2. Buddhist Hermeneutics: Literature Review28 ** 3. Division of Topics38 * Chapter 143 * The Place and Importance of the Five Treatises of Maitreya in Tibetan Buddhist Doctrine43 ** 1. Tibetan fields of knowledge43 ** 2. The importance of Madhyamaka for doctrinal identity48 ** 3. Scriptural sources for Perfection of Wisdom and Madhyamaka51 ** 4. The Tension Between Two Currents56 ** 5. The Importance of a Resolution60 * Chapter 2: Tibetan Interpretations of the Five Treatises70 *** Note on Method71 ** 1. Definition and History of the notion of the "Five Treatises"74 *** 1. History of the Five Treatises in Tibet75 **** a) The Treatises translated during the early propagation (snga dar)75 **** b) The Five Treatises at the time of the later propagation (phyi dar)77 *** 2. History of the Concept of the Five Treatises80 ** 2. Interpretations of the Five Treatises89 **** rNgog Lotsāwa Blo ldan shes rab (1059-1109)89 **** Phya pa Chos kyi seng ge (1109-? )90 **** Sa skya Paṇḍita Kun dga' rgyal mtshan (1182-1251)92 **** Dol po pa Shes rab rgyal mtshan (1292-1360)96 **** Bu ston Rin chen grub (1290-1364)99 **** kLong chen rab ―byams (1308-1363)101 **** Third Karmapa Rang byung rdo rje (1284-1339)104 **** Blo gros mtshungs med (early 1300s)106 **** Red mda' ba gZhon nu bLo gros (1349-1412)108 **** Tsong kha pa bLo bzang grags pa (1357-1419)110 **** Rong ston Shes bya kun rig (1367-1449)112 ** 3. Analysis and typology of interpretations113 * Chapter 3: Śākya mchog ldan's defense of the definitive meaning of the Five Treatises in the Byams chos lnga'i nges don rab tu gsal ba120 ** 1. The Byams chos lnga'i nges don rab tu gsal ba122 ** 2. The Order of the Five Treatises125 ** 3. The Doxographical Classification of the Five Treatises130 *** 1. Privileging the authority of Asaṅga and Vasubandhu133 *** 2. Stressing passages against reification of mind in the Five Treatises and their commentaries139 *** 3. Śākya mchog ldan's systematic harmonization of the meaning of the Five Treatises142 **** a) Interpretation of the Abhisamayālaṅkāra143 **** b) Interpretation of Ratnagotravibhāga as other-emptiness (gzhan stong)149 ** 4. Summary of the meaning of the Five Treatises154 ** 5. Analysis and interpretation158 * Chapter 4: The Place of the Five Treatises in the Thought of Śākya mchog ldan164 ** 1. Śākya mchog ldan's Interpretation of the Five Treatises in Works Other than the BCN165 ** 2. Elements of Śākya mchog ldan's general interpretation of Mahāyāna Doctrines180 *** 1. General classification of the Mahāyāna180 *** 2. Śākya mchog ldan's attitude towards the view of niḥsvabhāvavāda184 *** 3. Interpretation of Vajrayāna as tantric Madhyamaka190 *** 4. Śākya mchog ldan on Pramāṇa Theory193 *** 5. Interpretation of buddha nature195 ** Summary196 * Conclusion200 * Appendix 1: Translation of the introductory part of the Byams chos lnga'i nges don rab tu gsal ba of Śākya mchog ldan205 ** 1. Preliminary remarks205 ** 2. Translation207 * Bibliography254 ** Bibliography of Indian and Tibetan Sources254 ** Modern Scholarship262

Introduction to the Nature of Mind - Oral Teaching by the Venerable Yangthang Rinpoche +

* SECTION ONE: THE PREREQUISITESPAGE 1 * SECTION TWO: THE VIEWPAGE 2 * SECTION THREE: THE MEDITATIONPAGE 17 * SECTION FOUR: THE CONDUCTPAGE 33 * SECTION FIVE: THE RESULTPAGE 34 +

J

Jamgön Mipam: His Life and Teachings +

* ''Introduction''vii * '''Part One: Life and Context''' ** One. Mipam's Life3 ** Two. Background of Buddhism in India17 ** Three. Buddhist Identity in Tibet39 ** Four. Survey of Mipam's Works55 * '''Part Two: Overview of Mipam's Buddhist Works''' ** Five. Unity67 ** Six. Mind-Only and the Middle Way81 ** Seven. Emptiness and the Nonconceptual99 ** Eight. Immanent Wisdom119 ** Conclusion135 * '''Part Three: Select Translations''' ** 1. Emptiness and Analysis141 ** 2. Conceiving the Inconceivable142 ** 3. Unity and Buddha-Nature143 ** 4. Steps to the Middle Way145 ** 5. No-Self146 ** 6. Unmistaken Emptiness147 ** 7. Meditation on Emptiness149 ** 8. Mind- Only and the Middle Way150 ** 9. Mind-Only and the Middle Way II151 ** 10. Reflexive Awareness155 ** 11. Consequence and Autonomy157 ** 12. Consequence and Autonomy II158 ** 13. Two Truths160 ** 14. Unconditioned Buddha-Nature163 ** 15. Appearance and Reality167 ** 16. From the Two Wheels of Sutra to Tantra169 ** 17. EstablishingAppearancesasDivine170 ** 18. Fourfold Valid Cognition173 ** 19. Practical Advice for Beginners175 ** 20. Practical Advice for Monastics176 ** 21. Practical Advice on the Path of Illusion179 ** 22. Stages to Calm Abiding182 ** 23. Stillness, Movement, and Awareness in the Great Seal187 ** 24. Method for Sustaining the Nature of Awareness189 ** 25. A Quintessential Instruction on the Vital Point in Three Statements191 ** 26. Ground, Path, and Fruition of the Great Perfection192 ** 27. Bringing Afflictions onto the Path194 ** 28. Mind and Wisdom196 ** 29. Sutra and Tantra198 ** 30. Sword of Intelligence: Method for Meditating on Bodhicitta201 ** 31. Lily of Wisdom s Presence204 ** 32. Verse of Auspiciousness208 * ''Acknowledgments''209 * ''Notes''211 * ''Glossary''225 * ''Bibliography''229 * ''Index''239

L

La Théorie du Tathāgatagarbha et du Gotra +

* AVANT-PROPOS1 * BIBLIOGRAPHIE17 * LISTE DES ABRÉVIATIONS29 * INTRODUCTION31 * ''Première Partie''. — '''La théorie mahāyāniste du « gotra »'''71 * CHAPITRE I. La doctrine du ''gotra'' dans l'école du Vijñānavāda et dans ses sources canoniques73 * Le ''gotra'' selon le ''Mahāgānasūtrālaṃkāra''77 * Le ''gotra'' selon la ''Bodhisattvabhūmi'' et la ''Śrāvakabhūmi''86 * Le ''Mahāyānasaṃgraha''94 * Le ''dhātu'' et le ''gotra'' selon le ''Madhyāntavibhāga''97 * Critique de la doctrine du ''gotra'' selon l'école du Cittamātra par Tsoṅ kha pa101 * CHAPITRE II. Allusions au thème du ''gotra'' dans la littérature de l'école des Mādhyamika109 * CHAPITRE III. La théorie du ''gotra'' dans l' ''Abhisamayālaṃkāra'' et ses commentaires123 * Les topiques de l' ''Abhisamayālaṃkāra'' 1. 37-38 selon les Résumés de 'Jam dbyaṅs bžad pa et Kloṅ rdol bla ma134 * La doctrine du ''gotra'' selon le ''Yid kyi mun sel'' de Ña dbon139 * La doctrine du ''gotra'' selon le ''rNam bšad sñiṅ po'i rgyan'' de rGyal tshab rje155 * ''Deuxième Partie''. — '''L'Éveil universel et le Véhicule unique'''175 * CHAPITRE I. Le problème de l'Éveil universel et du Véhicule unique177 * CHAPITRE II. La théorie de l'Éveil universel et de l' ''ekayāna'' dans les commentaires de l' ''Abhisamayālaṃkāra''189 * Le problème de la fin du ''saṃsāra''205 * L'Éveil universel selon l'école des dGe lugs pa217 * CHAPITRE III. Résumé des doctrines des écoles bouddhiques sur l' ''ekayāna'' et l'Éveil universel selon le ''Grub mtha' rin chen phreṅ ba'' de dKon mchog 'Jigs med dbaṅ po237 * CHAPITRE IV. La théorie de l' ''ekayāna'' dans le ''Ratnagotravibhāga''241 * Troisième Partie. — '''La théorie du « tathâgatagarbha »'''245 * CHAPITRE I. Analyse du ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' et de sa « Vyākhyā »247 * CHAPITRE II Le ''garbha'' et le ''dhātu'' dans le ''Ratnagotravibhāga''261 * CHAPITRE III. La théorie du ''tathāgatagarbha'' dans la « Vyākhyā » du ''Ratnagotravibhāga''265 * CHAPITRE IV. Notions apparentées à la théorie du ''tathāgatagarbha'' et du ''dhātu'' dans le ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' et sas « Vyākhyā »275 * Le ''dharmakāya''275 * La ''tathatā''276 * Le ''gotra''277 * La Gnose et l'Action Compatissante du Buddha286 * Observations de rGyal tshab rje291 * CHAPITRE V. La nature inexprimable et inconnaissable de l'Absolu297 * CHAPITRE VI. Les qualités indispensables pour la compréhension de la Réalité absolue309 * CHAPITRE VII. Le ''tathāgatagarbha'' et la ''śūnyatā''313 * CHAPITRE VIII. La notion de la Réalité absolue dans le ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' et dans des textes parallèles319 ** 1. La ''śūnyatā'', la « Vacuité relative » et le « Vide de l'autre »319 ** 2. L'inséparabilité des qualités du buddha347 *** a. Le ''prabhāvitatva''347 *** b. Les « modes » excellents de l'Absolu et la ''sarvākāravaropetaśūnyatā''351 *** c. ''Avinirbhāga'', ''sambaddha'' et ''amuktajña'' comme épithètes des qualités de l'Absolu357 ** 3. La détermination positive de la réalité absolue362 ** L'indication de l'Absolu par la définition distinctive dans l'Advaita-Vedānta388 * CHAPITRE IX. La théorie du ''tathāgatagarbha'' et du ''gotra'' selon Guṅ than 'Jam pa'i dbyaṅs393 * ''Quatrième Partie''. — '''La luminosité naturelle de la Pensée'''409 * CHAPITRE I. La notion de la Pensée lumineuse dans les Sūtra411 * CHAPITRE II. La luminosité de la Pensée et l' ''āsrayaparivṛtti'' dans le ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' et sa «Vyākhyā»419 * CHAPITRE III. La luminosité de la Pensée selon des traités du Vijñānavāda et du Madhyamaka425 * CHAPITRE IV. La Pensée lumineuse et la connaissance immaculée chez Dignāga et Dharmakīrti431 * CHAPITRE V. l' ''amalavijñāna''439 * CHAPITRE VI. La luminosité du ''citta'' selon Guṅ thaṅ 'Jam pa'i dbyaṅs445 * APPENDICES455 * I. Sur le ''gotra'' et des notions associées dans le Canon Pāli et dans l'Abhidharma455 * II. Sur les notions de ''bīja'', d' ''āśraya'', de ''vāsanā'', et de ''dhātu''472 * III. Le ''sarvajñabīja'' des ''Yogasūtra''496 * CONCLUSION499 * INDEX517

La Théosophie Bouddhique +

* PréfaceIX * LIVRE PREMIER. — '''LES ORGANES DE LA RELIGION'''1 * Chapitre premier. — '''Le Bouddha'''3 * Chapitre II. — '''L'ÉGLISE'''25 ***Les religieux, 26; les laïques, 39. * Chapitre III. — '''Les fixations littéraires de la doctrine'''59 ***Les schismes et la rédaction des trois « Corbeilles », 63; Mahâyâna et Hînayâna, 77. * LIVRE DEUXIÈME. — '''LA DOCTRINE DE LA SOUFFRANCE ET DU SALUT'''87 * Chapitre PREMIER. — '''Les conditions générales du salut'''90 * Chapitre II. — '''Thérapeutique de la volonté'''114 * Chapitre III. — '''Thérapeutique de l'intelligence'''151 ** Première Partie. — Les fondements de la doctrine151 ***La théorie des agrégats, 159; la doctrine du ''karman'', 166; la formule des Nobles Vérités, 181; la loi de la Génération conditionnée, 185. ** Deuxième Partie. — Les applications de la doctrine199 ***L'âme, 200; l'âme universelle et Dieu sont niés, 218; le monde et les dieux, 221; le Bouddha, 231; les bodhisattva, 249. ** Troisième Partie. — Les développements métaphysiques de la doctrine255 ***Le phénoménisme dans l'ancienne Eglise, 259; Vaibhâska et Sautrântika, 265; Yogâcâra, 266; Mâdhyamika, 273; L'existence ultraphénoménale et les bouddhas transcendants, 285. ***L'existence absolue (''Tathatâ''), 299; la doctrine du Triple Corps des bouddhas (''trikaya''), 310; la doctrine du Tathâgatagarbha, 318. * Chapitre IV. — '''L'élaboration du salut'''326 ***Remarque préliminaire: deux idéals et deux méthodes, 326. ** Première Partie. — Comment on devient ''arhat''335 ***Les quatre Voies, 335; la conversion, 339; les exercices et les expériences, 345; la marche à la ''bodhi'' par la méthode de concentration, 346; la marche à la ''bodhi'' par la méthode de contemplation extatique, 360; l' ''arhat'', 376. ** Deuxième Partie. — La carrière des bodhisattva379 ** Troisième Partie. — Les déviations de l'idéal et de la méthode bouddhiques422 ***Le bouddhisme dévot, 425; le bouddhisme formaliste et mystique, 427; le bouddhisme érotique, 437. * Chapitre V. — '''Le nirvâna'''441 * LIVRE III. — '''LA PLACE ET LE ROLE DU BOUDDHISME DANS L'HISTOIRE DE LA THÉOSOPHIE INDIENNE'''461 * Chapitre premier. — '''Le dharma bouddhique'''462 * Chapitre II — '''Les éléments théosophiques et les éléments religieux du bouddhisme'''479 * Chapitre III. — '''Le bouddhisme et les autres systèmes religieux de l'Inde'''495 * Conclusion521 * Liste des abréviations avec l'indication des éditions utilisées527 * Table méthodique des sources utilisées533 * Index alphabétique535 * Erratum539 * Table des matières541

Lamp of Mahamudra (Rangjung Yeshe) +

* ''Foreword by'' H. H. Dilgo Khyentse Rinpocheix * ''Translator's Preface''xi * ''Introduction by'' Ven. Tulku Urgyen Rinpochexiii * ''Prologue''1 * SECTION ONE: GROUND MAHAMUDRA * The View5 * SECTION TWO: PATH MAHAMUDRA * Shamatha and Vipashyana17 * Faults and Qualities25 * Experience and Realization32 * The Four Yogas36 * The Five Paths and the Ten Bhumis47 * Enhancement57 * SECTION THREE: FRUITION MAHAMUDRA * The Three Kayas of Buddhahood63 * ''Epilogue''69 * ''Translator's Afterword''75 * ''Glossary''77 +

Lamp of Mahamudra (Shambhala) +

* ''Foreword by'' H. H. Dilgo Khyentse Rinpocheix * ''Translator's Preface''xi * ''Introduction by'' Ven. Tulku Urgyen Rinpochexiii * ''Prologue''1 * SECTION ONE: GROUND MAHAMUDRA * The View5 * SECTION TWO: PATH MAHAMUDRA * Shamatha and Vipashyana17 * Faults and Qualities25 * Experience and Realization32 * The Four Yogas36 * The Five Paths and the Ten Bhumis47 * Enhancement57 * SECTION THREE: FRUITION MAHAMUDRA * The Three Kayas of Buddhahood63 * ''Epilogue''69 * ''Translator's Afterword''75 * ''Glossary''77 +

Le Bouddha du Dolpo +

* Préface et remerciements11 * Introduction15 * '''PREMIÈRE PARTIE. La Vie et les Enseignements de l'Omniscient Dolpopa''' ** ''Chapitre I: La vie du Buddha du Dolpo''27 ** 1. Enfance et première éducation28 ** 2. Etudes au grand monastère de Sakya30 ** 3. L'entrée à Jonang35 ** 4. Edification du mont Mérou et exposition de la vue philosophique du Shèntong40 ** 5. Accueil initial des enseignements du Shèntong45 ** 6. La nouvelle traduction jonangpa du Kālachakra et de la Vimalaprabhā47 ** 7. Années de retraite et d'enseignement54 ** 8. Invitation en Chine par l'empereur Toghon Temour de la dynastie Yuan55 ** 9. Changements de supérieur à Jonang et début du voyage à Lhassa58 ** 10. Enseignements au Tibetn central et retour au Tsang62 ** 11. Rencontre manquée avec Bouteun Rinchèn Droup65 ** 12. Les derniers mois à Jonang68 ** ''Chapitre II: Etude historique de la tradition du Shèntong au Tibet''75 ** 1. La tradition du Shèntong au Tibet avant Dolpopa76 ** 2. Dolpopa et la vue du Shèntong81 ** La tradition du Shèntong après Dolpopa95 ** ''Chapitre III: La doctrine du Bouddha du Dolpo''129 ** 1. Vacuité de nature propre et vauité d'autre132 ** 2. Redéfinition du Cittamātra et du Madhyamaka137 ** 3. Deux voies d'illumination154 * '''DEUXIIÈME PARTIE. Textes Traduits''' ** Introduction à la traduction du ''Commentaire général de la doctrine''165 ** L'invocation intitulée ''Commentaire général de la doctrine'' 171 ** Introduction à la traduction du ''Quantrième Concile Grand Traité chronologique del la Doctrine, ayant le sens d'un Quatrième Concile'' 197 * Bibliographie 265 * Index 287

Le Canon bouddhique en Chine: Les Traducteurs et les Traductions, Vol. 1 +

* Avant-Propos1 * Abréviationsv <center>INTRODUCTION</center> <center>CHAPITRE Ier</center> * Pénétration du Bouddhisme en ChineVII <center>CHAPITRE II</center> * Les SourcesXXXII <center>PREMIÈRE PARTIE</center> <center>'''Les Églises du Nord (68-581 A. D.)'''</center> <center>CHAPITRE Ier</center> * Les Traducteurs et Les Traductions des Han Posté-Rieurs (68–220 A. D.)3 **La primière Église de Lo-yang: ** 1. Kâçyapa MâtaIiga. — 2. Dharmaratna. — 3. Ngan Che- kao. — 4. Lokakṣema (Tche ''Lou-kia-tch'an''). — 5. Tchou Fo-cho. — 6. Ngan Hiuan. — 7. Yen Fo-t'iao (Buddhadeva). — 8. Tche Yao. — 9. K'ang Kiu. — 10. K'ang Mong-siang. — 11. Tchou Ta-li — 12. T'an-kouo. — 13. Ouvrages anonymes. <center>CHAPITRE II</center> * I. Les Traducteurs et Les Traductions des Wei (220–265 A. D.) 73 **La seconde Église de Lo-yang : ** 1. DharmakâIa. — 2. Saṅghavarman. — 3. Dharmasatya (?). — 4. Po-yen. — 5. Dharmabhadra (?). * II. Les Traducteurs et Les Traductions des Tsin Occidentaux (265–316 A. D.)83 **La première église de Tch'ang-ngan: ** 1. Dharmarakṣa (''Tchou Fa hou''). — 2. Kâlaruci. — 3. Ngan Fa-k'in. — 4. Tchou Che-hing. — 5. Mokṣala. — 6. Tchou Chou-Ian. — 7. Nie Tch'eng-yuan. — 8. Nie Tao-tchen. — 9. Po Fa-tsou. — 10. Che Fa-li. — 11. Wei Che-tou. — 12. Tche Min-tou. — 13. Che Fa-kiu. — 14. Tche Fa-tou. — 15. Nârâyaṇa. — 16. Ouvrages anonymes. * III. Les Traducteurs et Les Traductions des Ts'in Antérieurs (350–394 A. D.)154 **La seconde Église de Tch'ang-ngan: ** 1. T'an-mo-tche (Dharmadhī). — 2. Dharmapriya. — 3. Kumârabodhi. — 4. Dharmanandi. — 5. Saṅghabhûti. — 6. Gautama Saṅghadeva. — 7. Che Tao-ngan. * IV. Les Traducteurs et Les Traductions des Ts'in Postérieurs (384–417 A. D.)170 **La seconde Église de Tch'ang-ngan: ** 1. Tchou Fo-nien. — 2. Dharmayaças. —3. Puṇyatrâta. — 4. Kumârajiva. — 5. Buddhayaças. — 6. Che Seng-tchao. — 7. Che Seng-jouei. — 8. Che Tao-heng. <center>CHAPITRE III</center> * I. Les Traducteurs et Les Traductions des Leang (Tchang Leang, 302–376 A. D. et Pei Leang, 397–439 A. D.)209 **L'Église de Kou-tsang: ** 1. Tche Che-louen. — 2. Che Tao-kong. — 3. Che Fa-tchong. — 4. Seng Kia-t'o. — 5. Dharmakṣema. — 6. ''Tsiu-k'iu'' King-cheng. — 7. Buddhavarman. — 8. Che Tche-mong. - 9. Che Tao-t'ai. — 10. Che Fa-cheng. — 11. Che Houei-kiao. — 12. Ouvrages anonymes. * II. Les Traducteurs et Les Traductions des Ts'in Occidentaux (385–431 A. D.)234 **L'Église de Pao han: ** 1. Che Cheng-kien. — 2. Ouvrages anonymes. * III. Les Traducteurs et Les Traductions des Wei du Nord (384–534 A. D.)242 **L'Église de Pei-t'ai à Heng-ngan (Ta-t'ong fou): ** 1. Che T'an-yao. — 2. Che T'an-tsing. — 3. Ki-kia-ye. **La troisième Église de Lo-yang: ** 4. Che T'an-pien. — 5. Dharmaruci. — 6. Che Fa-tch'ang. — 7. Ratnamati. — 8. Buddhaçânta. — 9. Bodhiruci. * IV. Les Traducteurs et Les Traductions des Wei Orientaux (534–550 A. D.)261 **L'Église de Ye : ** 1. Gautama Prajñâruci. — 2. Upaçûnya. — 3. Vimokṣasena. — 4. Dharmabodhi. — 5. Yang Hiuan-tche. * V. Les Traducteurs et Les Traductions des Ts'i du Nord (550–557 A. D.)270 **L'Église de Ye : ** 1. Narendrayaças. — 2. Wang T'ien-yi. * VI. Les Traducteurs et Les Traductions des Tcheou du Nord (557–581 A. D.)273 **La troisième Église de Tch'ang-ngan: ** 1. Jñânabhadra. — 2. Jinayaças. — 3. Yaçogupta. — 4. Jinagupta. <center>DEUXIÈME PARTIE</center> <center>'''Les Églises du Sud (222–589 A. D.)'''</center> <center>CHAPITRE IV</center> * I. Les Traducteurs et Les Traductions des Wou (222–280 A. D.)283 **L'Église de Kien-ye (Nanking). ** 1. Tche Kien. — 2. Vighna. — 3. Tchou Liu-yen. — 4. K'ang Seng-houei. — 5. Tche Kiang-Ieang-tsie. — 6. Ouvrages anonymes. * II. Les Traducteurs et Les Traductions des Tsin Orientaux (317–420 A. D.)319 **L'Eglise de Kien-ye (Nanking): ** 1. Po Çrimitra. — 2. Tche Tao-yen. — 3. K'ang Fa-soue. — 4. ''Tchou T'an-wou-Ian'' (Dharmaratna). — 5. K'ang Tao-ho. — 6. Kâlodaka. — 7. Gautama Saṅghadeva. — 8. Vimalâkṣa. — 9. Dharmapriya. — 10. Buddhabhadra. — 11. Fa-hien. — 12. Gîtamitra. — 13. Nandi. — 14. Tchou Fa-Ii. — 15. Che Song-kong. — 16. Che T'ouei-kong. — 17. Che Fa-yong. — 18. Ouvrages anonymes. <center>CHAPITRE V</center> * I. Les Traducteurs et Les Traductions des Song (428–479 A. D.)363 **L'Église de Kien-ye (Nanking): ** 1. Buddhajîva. — 2. Che Tche-yen. — 3. Pao-yun. — 4. Îçvara. — 5. Guṇavarman. — 6. Saṅghavarman. — 7. Guṇabhadra. — 8. Dharmamitra. — 9. KâIayaças. — 10. Che Fa-yong. — 11. ''Tsiu-kiu'' King Cheng. — 12. ''Kong-tö-tche'' (Guṇasatya ?). — 13. Che Houei-kien. — 14. Che Seng-tchou. — 15. Che Fa-ying. — 16. Tchou Fa-kiuan. — 17. Che Siang-kong. — 18. Che Tao-yen. — 19. Che Yong-kong. — 20. Che Fa-hai. — 21. Che Sien-kong. * II. Les Traducteurs et Les Traductions des Ts'i (479–502 A. D.)407 **L'Église de Kien-ye: ** 1. Dharmakṛtayaças. — 2. Mahâyâna (?). — 3. Saṅghabhadra. — 4. Dharmamati. — 5. Guṇavṛddhi. — 6. Che T'an-king. * III. Les Traducteurs et Les Traductions des Leang (502–557 A. D.) et des Tch'en (557–589)412 **L'ÉgIise de Kien-ye: ** 1. Seng-yeou. — 2. Mandrasena. — 3. Saṅghabhara. — 4. Paramârtha. — 5. Upaçûnya. — 6. Subhûti.

Le Concile de Lhasa +

* Avant-Proposv * INTRODUCTION1 * Première Partie. — TRADUCTION DU DOSSIER CHINOIS DE LA CONTROVERSE23 ** Préface de Wang Si23 ** Première série de questions et de réponses (« anciennes » et « nouvelles », partiellement numérotées)43 ** Premier mémorial de Mahāyāna110 ** Exposé doctrinal inséré dans le mémorial114 ** Deuxième série de questions et de réponses (non numérotées)120 ** Deuxième mémorial de Mahāyāna151 ** Question et réponse insérées dans le mémorial153 ** Troisième mémorial de Mahāyāna157 * Deuxième Partie. — COMMENTAIRE HISTORIQUE167 ** Premier mémorial de Wang Si au Roi du Tibet194 ** Deuxième mémorial de Wang Si au Roi du Tibet218 ** Prières des moines chinois de Touen-houang pour le gouverneur militaire de Koua-tcheou et autres personnages tibétains239 ** Dossier de pièces émanant d’un gouverneur chinois de Touen-houang sous la domination tibétaine254 ** Éloge des mérites de Chang K'i-liu-sin-eul (Zan Khri-sum-rje)284 ** Lettre écrite pour le préfet de Sou-tcheou, Lieou Tch’en-pi, en réponse à un Tibétain du Sud, par Teou Wou292 ** Poèmes chinois écrits sous la domination tibétaine306 * Appendice. — FRAGMENTS DU DOSSIER INDIEN DE LA CONTROVERSE333 ** I. Le premier ''Bhāvanā-krama'' de Kamalaśīla, analyse sommaire d’après la version chinoise333 ** II. Le troisième ''Bhāvanā-krama'' de Kamalaśīla, traduction de la version tibétaine par M. Étienne Lamotte336 * Addenda et Corrigenda355 * Index381 * Table des Matières399 * Texte du dossier chinois de la controversePL. I-XXXII

Le Message Du Futur Bouddha +

* Lecture 1: une courte introduction7 * Lecture 2: origine et transmission du texte 11 * Lecture 3: une interprétation du ''RGV'' 21 * Liste des abréviations 39 * Section 0: Salutations 41 * Chapitre I: Le Germe de Bouddha 43 ** Section 1: Les 7 points adamantins 43 ** Section 2: Le Joyau du Bouddha 51 ** Section 3: Le Joyau du Dharma 59 ** Section 4: Le Joyau de l'Assemblée 71 ** Section 5: Les Trois Joyaux comme Refuge 79 ** Section 6: Le Germe des Trois Joyaux 85 ** Section 7: Tous les êtres ont ce Germe 97 ** Section 8: Les 10 attributs de la Nature ultime 104 ** Section 9: Les 9 exemples du Germe dans les souillures 174 ** Section 10: Caractéristiques du Germe de Tathāgata 225 ** Section 11: Le but de cet enseignement 231 * Chapitre II: L'Éveil 241 ** Section 12: L'Ainsité non souillée 241 ** Section 13: Les 8 caractéristiques de l'Ainsité non souillée 243 * Chapitre III: Les qualités du Bouddha 299 ** Section 14: Caractéristiques de ces qualités 299 ** Section 15: Les 64 qualités du Bouddha 305 * Chapitre IV: Les actions du Bouddha 345 ** Section 16: Caractéristiques de ces actions 345 ** Section 17: Neuf exemples de ces actions 354 * Chapitre V: Les bienfaits de cet enseignement 429 ** Section 18: La foi dans la Nature de Bouddha 429 * Annexe 1: Structure du Traité 457 * Annexe 2: Prosodie et Métrique du ''RGV'' 467 * Annexe 3: Les sources du ''RGV'' 474 * Liste des ouvrages cités475 * Liste des auteurs cités478 * Liste des excursus 479 * Table des matières détaillée 481

Le Rugissement de Lion de la Princesse Shrimala +

* '''Introduction au ''Rugissement de lion de la princesse Shrimala'' '''7 ** Introduction9 ** Le thème11 ** Le concept de véhicule11 ** Le texte13 ** Le grand et unique véhicule14 ** L'ignorance subtile16 ** Les deux aspects des quatre vérités17 ** L'essence de Tathagata18 ** Le sens profond de la vacuité21 ** Une nature auto-réalisante22 * '''Le ''Rugissement de lion de la reine Shrimala'' '''25 ** 1. Louange correcte des qualités infinies du tathagata28 ** 2. Les grands vœux inconcevables32 ** 3. Les grands souhaits qui embrassent tous les souhaits36 ** 4. L'inconcevable adoption des suprêmes enseignements37 ** 5. L'entrée véritable dans le Véhicule unique48 ** 6. L'essence de Tathagata68 ** 7. Le corps de réalité71 ** 8. Le sens profond de la vacuité72 ** 9. L'unique vérité - L'unique refuge73 ** 10. L'erreur74 ** 11. Sens profond de l'esprit parfaitement pur par nature77 ** 12. Les fils véritables du tathagata81 ** 13. Le Rugissement de lion de la princesse Shrimala84 ** Colophon87 +

Le Soutra de l'essence de Tathāgata +

* '''Présentation du Soutra de l'essence de Tathāgata'''7 ** Introduction9 ** Le texte du Tathāgatagarbha-Sūtra15 * '''Le Soutra de l'essence de Tathāgata'''23 ** Prologue26 ** Le Tathāgata dans un lotus fané36 ** Le miel et l'essaim d'abeilles38 ** Le grain dans sa balle41 ** L'or dans les immondices43 ** Le trésor sous la maison44 ** L'arbre et le fruit47 ** La précieuse statuette enveloppée49 ** La femme enceinte d'un monarque52 ** La statue en or dans son moule de terre55 ** Les bienfaits de la propagation du soutra58 ** La question d'Ananda70 +

Le Traité de la continuité sublime du Grand Véhicule +

* PRÉFACE5 *INTRODUCTION *AUX ENSEIGNEMENTS *DE L'ESSENCE DE TATHĀGATA * (''tathāgatagarbha'')7 * CHAPITRE 1 - L'ESSENCE DE TATHAGATA22 ** Les sept bases vajra22 ** Caractéristiques des sept bases vajra22 ** Le joyau du Bouddha23 ** Le joyau du Dharma24 ** Le joyau de la communauté26 ** Les trois refuges conventionnels27 ** Le refuge ultime27 ** L'origine des Trois Joyaux28 ** L'élément ou essence de Tathagata29 ** Les trois types de vivants31 ** Les quatre obstacles31 ** Les quatre antidotes32 ** Les quatre perfections du corps de réalité32 ** L'activité33 ** La manifestation34 ** Les états34 ** L'omniprésence35 ** L'immutabilité35 ** L'état impur36 ** L'etat partiellement pur et impur38 ** l'état pur41 ** Les neuf analogies45 ** Le lotus fané46 ** Le grain dans sa balle48 ** L'or égaré48 ** Le trésor sous la maison49 ** Le germe sous la peau du fruit50 ** La précieuse effigie dans les chiffons51 ** La femme enceinte52 ** La statue d'or dans son moule de terre53 ** Le sens résumé des exemples53 ** Les neuf types de souillures54 ** La triple nature de !'élément57 ** Les raisons de cet enseignement60 * CHAPITRE 2 - L'ÉVEIL63 ** l'essence64 ** La cause65 ** Le fruit65 ** L'activité67 ** Les attributs70 ** La manifestation72 ** La permanence77 ** L'inconcevabilité78 * CHAPITRE 3 - LES QUALITÉS80 ** Les quatre absences de peur82 ** Les dix-huit qualités exclusives du Bouddha83 ** Les trente-deux marques84 * CHAPITRE 4 - L'ACTIVITÉ ÉVEILLÉE90 ** Spontanéité et continuité90 ** Les analogies93 ** Indra93 ** Le tambour divin96 ** Les nuages99 ** Semblable au grand Brahma102 ** Invisible103 ** Tel le soleil104 ** La supériorité du cercle de lumière du Bouddha105 ** Semblable au joyau qui exauce les souhaits106 ** L'apparition d'un tathagata est rare107 ** Semblable au son de l'écho107 ** Semblable à l'espace107 ** Semblable à la terre108 ** Résumé du sens de ces analogies108 * CHAPITRE 5 - LES BIENFAITS DE CET ENSEIGNEMENT114 ** Les bienfaits114 ** La composition du traité118 * COURTE BIBLIOGRAPHIE123