Selected Bibliography & Resources

This is a selected bibliography of academic and related references on the Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra and its commentaries. For the relevant Sanskrit, Tibetan, and Chinese texts, see the Primary Sources.

399 Citations

Academic Sources[edit]

Bailey, Harold W. Indo-scythian Studies: Being Khotanese Texts, vol. 5. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1963.
Bernert, Christian, trans. Perfect or perfected? Rongtön on Buddha-Nature: A Commentary on the Fourth Chapter of the Ratnagotravibhāga (v v.1.27-95[a]). Kathmandu: Vajra Books, 2018.
Brown, Brian Edward. The Buddha Nature: A Study of the Tathāgatagarbha and Ālayavijñāna. Buddhist Tradition Series, 11. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, 1991. Reprint 1994.
Brunnhölzl, Karl, trans. In Praise of Dharmadhātu. Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion Publications, 2007.
Brunnhölzl, Karl, ed., trans. Luminous Heart: The Third Karmapa on Consciousness, Wisdom, and Buddha Nature. Nitartha Institute Series. Ithaca: Snow Lion Publications, 2008.
Brunnhölzl, Karl, ed., trans. When the Clouds Part: The Uttaratantra and its Meditative Tradition as a Bridge between Sūtra and Tantra. Boston: Snow Lion Publications, an imprint of Shambhala Publications, 2014.
Coleman, James William. The Buddha's Dream of Liberation: Freedom, Emptiness, and Awakened Nature. Somerville: Wisdom Publications, 2017.
Dalai Lama, 14th. The Buddha Nature: Death and Eternal Soul in Buddhism. Woodside: Bluestar Communications, 1997.
Duckworth, Douglas S. Mipam on Buddha-Nature: The Ground of the Nyingma Tradition. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2008.
Duckworth, Douglas S. Jamgön Mipam: His Life and Teachings. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2011.
Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse Rinpoche. Buddha-Nature: Mahayana-Uttaratantra-Shastra (Khyentse Commentary), by Arya Maitreya. Edited by Alex Trisoglio. Khyentse Foundation, 2007.
Fuchs, Rosemarie. Buddha Nature: The Mahayana Uttaratantra Shastra. Ithaca: Snow Lion Publications, 2000.
Griffiths, P. J., and J. P. Keenan, eds. Buddha Nature: A Festschrift in Honor of Minoru Kiyota. San Francisco and Tokyo: Buddhist Books International, 1990.
Guenther, Herbert V. The Jewel Ornament of Liberation. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 1971. Reprint of 1959, Rider & Co., London.
Guenther, Herbert V. From Reductionism to Creativity. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 1989.
Prasad, H. S., ed. The Uttaratantra of Maitreya, containing E. H. Johnson's Sanskrit text and E. Obermiller's English translation. Bibliotheca Indo-Buddhica, 79. Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 1991.
Holmes, Ken and Katia Holmes. Maitreya on Buddha Nature: A New Translation of Asaṅga's mahāyāna uttara tantra śāstra. Forres: Altea, 1999.
Holmes, Ken and Katia Holmes, trans. The Changeless Nature. Newcastle: Karma Kagyu Trust, 1985.
Holmes, Ken, trans. Ornament of Precious Liberation. Edited by Thupten Jinpa. Somerville: Wisdom Publications, 2017.
Hookham, S. K. The Buddha Within: Tathagatagarbha Doctrine According to the Shentong Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhaga. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1992.
Hopkins, Jeffrey, trans., intro. Mountain Doctrine: Tibet's Fundamental Treatise on Other-Emptiness and the Buddha-Matrix, by Döl-bo-ba Shay-rab-gyel-tsen (Dol po pa shes rab rgyal mtshan). Edited by Kevin Vose. Ithaca: Snow Lion Publications, 2006.
Kano, Kazuo. Buddha-Nature and Emptiness: rNgog Blo-ldan-shes-rab and a Transmission of the Ratnagotravibhāga from India to Tibet. Wiener Studien zur Tibetologie und Buddhismuskunde 91. Vienna: Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien Universität Wien: 2016.
Komarovski, Yaroslav. Visions of Unity: The Golden Paṇḍita Shakya Chokden's New Interpretation of Yogācāra and Madhyamaka. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2011.
King, Sallie B. Buddha Nature. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1991.
Kramer, Ralf. The Great Tibetan Translator: Life and Works of rNgog Blo ldan shes rab (1059–1109). Collectanea Himalayica 1. München: Indus Verlag, 2007.
Loden, Geshe Acharya Thubten. Fundamental Potential for Enlightenment in Tibetan Buddhism. Melbourne: Tushita Publications, 1996.
Mathes, Klaus-Dieter. 'Gos Lo tsā ba gZhon nu dpal's Commentary on the Ratnagotravibhāgavyākhyā, edited text in Tibetan script. Nepal Research Centre Publications 24, Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2003.
Hugon, Pascale. Review of 'Gos Lo tsā ba gZhon nu dpal's Commentary on the Ratnagotravibhāgavyākhyā, edited by Klaus-Dieter Mathes. Asiatische Studien 60, no. 1 (2006): 246–53.
Mathes, Klaus-Dieter. A Direct Path to the Buddha Within: Gö Lotsāwa's Māhamudrā Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhāga. Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2008.
Mipham ('jam mgon 'ju mi pham rgya mtsho). A Commentary on the Uttaratantra Shastra (rgyud bla ma) by Maitreya – Asanga. Translated by Padmakara Translation Group, John Canti, forthcoming.
Nakamura, Zuiryū. Study of the Ratnagotra-uttaratantra. Tokyo: Suzuki Research Foundation, 1967.
Rinchen, Geshe Sonam. Buddha Nature (Geshe Sonam Rinchen). New Delhi: Library of Tibetan Works & Archives, 2003.
Ruegg, David Seyfort. Buddha-nature, Mind and the Problem of Gradualism in a Comparative Perspective: On the Transmission and Reception of Buddhism in India and Tibet. Jordan Lectures in Comparative Religion. RoutledgeCurzon, 1989.
Ruegg, David Seyfort. La théorie du tathāgatagarbha et du gotra; Études sur la sotériologie et la gnoséologie du Bouddhisme. Paris: École Française d'Extrême Orient, 1969.
Ruegg, David Seyfort. Studies in Indian and Tibetan Madhyamaka Thought Part 1: Three Studies in the History of Indian and Tibetan Madhyamaka Philosophy. Wiener Studien zur Tibetologie und Buddhismuskunde 50. Vienna: Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien Universität Wien, 2000.
Schmithausen, Lambert. Plants in Early Buddhism and the Far Eastern Idea of the Buddha-Nature of Grasses and Trees. Lumbini: Lumbini International Research Institute, 2009.
Sebastian, C. D. Metaphysics and Mysticism in Mahāyāna Buddhism: An Analytical Study of the Ratnagotravibhāga-Mahāyānottaratantra-śāstraṃ. Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 2005.
Stambaugh, Joan. Impermanence is Buddha-Nature: Dōgen's Understanding of Temporality. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1990.
Stearns, Cyrus. The Buddha from Dölpo: A Study of the Life and Thought of the Tibetan Master Dölpopa Sherab Gyaltsen. Tsadra Foundation Series. Ithaca: Snow Lion Publications, 2010.
Takasaki, Jikidō. A Study on the Ratnagotravibhāga (Uttaratantra): Being a Treatise on the Tathāgatagarbha Theory of Mahāyāna Buddhism. Serie Orientale Roma 33. Roma: Istituto Italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente (ISMEO), 1966.
Takasaki, Jikidō. Collected Papers on the Tathāgatagarbha Doctrine. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 2014.
Thrangu Rinpoche. Buddha Nature: Ten Teachings on the Uttaratantra Shastra, by Arya Maitreya, Translated by Erik Pema Kunsang. Hong Kong: Rangjung Yeshe Publications, 1993, 1988.
Thrangu Rinpoche. The Uttara Tantra: A Treatise on Buddha Nature, translated by Ken Holmes and Katia Holmes, edited by Clark Johnson. Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 1989, 1994.
Wangchuk, Tsering. The Uttaratantra in the Land of Snows: Tibetan Thinkers Debate the Centrality of the Buddha-Nature Treatise. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2017.
Zasep Tulku Rinpoche. Buddha-Nature: The Mahayana Uttara Tantra Shastra: Maitreya's Root Text and Asanga's Commentary, based on a translation by Obermiller, Eugène. Vancouver: Zuru Ling Tibetan Buddhist Centre, 2001.
Zimmermann, Michael. A Buddha Within: The Tathāgatagarbhasūtra: The Earliest Exposition of the Buddha-Nature Teachings in India. Biblotheca Philologica et Philosophica Buddhica VI, Tokyo: The International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology, Soka University. 2002.
Chen, Shuman. "Buddha-Nature of Insentient Beings." In Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion, 208-212. Springer, 2nd ed., vol. 1, 2014.
Burchardi, Anne. "Towards an understanding of Tathāgatagarbha interpretation in Tibet with special reference to the Ratnagotravibhāga." In Religion and Secular Culture in Tibet, PIATS, 2000, 59-77. Leiden: Brill, 2002.
Duckworth, Douglas S. "Buddha-Nature and the Logic of Pantheism." In The Buddhist World, edited by John Powers, 235-247. Abingdon, Oxon and New York, NY: Routledge, 2016.
Gokhale, Vasudeva Vishnunath. "A Note on Ratnagotravibhāga I.52 + Bhagavadgītā XIII.32." In Studies in Indology and Buddhology Presented in Honour of Professor Susumu Yamaguchi on the Occasion of His Sixtieth Birthday, 90-91. Kyoto: Hozokan, 1955.
Goswami, S. C. "The monistic absolute of the Uttaratantra and modern science", In Philosophy, Grammar and Indology: Essays in Honour of Prof. Gustav Roth, 275-282. Edited by Hari Shankar Prasad. Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications/Indian Books Centre, 1992.
Grosnick, William H. "The Tathāgatagarbha Sūtra." In Buddhism in Practice, edited by Donald Lopez, 92-106. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995.
Kano, Kazuo. "rNgog blo ldan shes rab's Topical Outline of the Ratnagotravibhāga Discovered at Khara Khoto." In Contributions to Tibetan Buddhist Literature: Proceedings of the Eleventh Seminar of the International Association for Tibetan Studies, Königswinter, 2006, edited by Orna Almogi, 127–94. Saale: International Institute for Tibetan and Buddhist Studies, 2008.
Müller, Ralf. "Philosophy and the Practice of Reflexivity. On Dogen's Discourse about Buddha-nature." In Concepts of Philosophy in Asia and the Islamic World 25 (2018): 545-576.
Park, Jin. "The Wön Buddhist Practice of the Buddha-Nature." In Religions of Korea in Practice, edited by Robert E. Bushwell, Jr., 476-486. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2007.
Swanson, Paul L. “T'ien-t'ai Chih'i's Concept of Threefold Buddha Nature-A Synergy of Reality, Wisdom, and Practice.” In Buddha Nature: A Festschrift in Honor of Minoru Kiyota, edited by Paul J. Griffiths and John P. Keenan, 171-180. Tokyo: Buddhist Books International, 1990.
Takasaki, J. "Tathagatagarbha and the community of bodhisattvas", in Kalyana-mitta. Professor H. Nakamura Felicitation Volume (ed. V.N. Jha), 247-256. Delhi, 1991.
Zimmerman, Michael. “The Process of Awakening in Early Texts on Buddha-Nature in India.” In A Distant Mirror: Articulating Indic Ideas in Sixth and Seventh Century Chinese Buddhism, edited by Lin, Chen-kuo and Radich, Michael, 513–528. Hamburg Buddhist Studies, 3. Hamburg: Hamburg University Press, 2014.
Lusthaus, Dan. [[Review of Impermanence is Buddha-nature: Dōgen's Understanding of Temporality, by Joan Stambaugh]]. Chanoyu Quarterly: Tea and the Arts of Japan 69: 69-72.
Sur, Dominic. Review of The Uttaratantra in the Land of Snows, by Tsering Wangchuk, Reading Religion, August 9, 2017, http://readingreligion.org/books/uttaratantra-land-snows.
Bernert, Christian. "Rong-ston on Buddha-Nature: A Commentary on the Fourth Chapter of the Ratnagotravibhāga." Master's thesis, University of Vienna, 2009.
Duckworth, Douglas S. "Buddha-Nature and a Dialectic of Presence and Absence in the Works of Mi-pham." PhD diss., University of Virginia, 2005.
Germano, David Francis. "Poetic Thought, the Intelligent Universe, and the Mystery of Self: The Tantric Synthesis of rDzogs Chen in Fourteenth Century Tibet." PhD diss., University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1992.
Jiang, Bo. "Cataphatic Emptiness: rGyal-tshab on the Buddha-essence Theory of Asaṅga's Ratnagotravibhāgavyākhyā." PhD diss., Columbia University, 2008.
Jorden, Ngawang. "Buddha-Nature: Through the Eyes of Go rams pa Bsod nams seng ge in Fifteenth-Century Tibet." PhD diss., Harvard University, 2003.
Kano, Kazuo. "Chibetto ni okeru hōshōron no juyō to tenkai" "チべツトにおける『宝性論』の受用と展開" "(The Acceptance and Development of the Ratnagotravibhāga in Tibet)." MA thesis, University of Kyoto, 2001.
Kano, Kazuo. "rNgog Blo‐ldan‐shes‐rabʹs Summary of the Ratnagotravibhāga: The First Tibetan Commentary on a Crucial Source for the Buddha‐nature Doctrine." PhD diss., University of Hamburg, 2006.
Khosla, Usha. "Study of the Tathāgatagarbha as True Self and the True Selves of the Brahmanic, Sāṅkhya and Jaina Traditions." PhD diss., University of Toronto, 2015.
Miller, Adam Tyler. "The Buddha said that Buddha said so: a translation and analysis of "Pūrvayogaparivarta" from the Ratnaketu Dhāraṇī Sūtra.." PhD diss., University of Missouri-Columbia, 2013.
Schaeffer, Kurtis. "The Enlightened Heart of Buddhahood: A Study and Translation of the Third Karma pa Rang byung rdo rje's Work on Tathāgatagarbha, The Bde bzhin gshegs pa'i snying po gtan la dbab pa." Master's thesis, University of Washington, 1995.
Shu-Hui, Jennifer Chen. "Affirmation in Negation: A Study of the Tathāgatagarbha Theory in Light of the Bodhisattva Practices." PhD diss., University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1998.
Turenne, Philippe. "Interpretations of Unity: Hermeneutics in Śākya mchog ldan's Interpretation of the Five Treatises of Maitreya." PhD diss., McGill University, 2010.
Wangchuk, Tsering. "The Uttaratantra in the Age of Argumentation - Dolpopa Sherab Gyaltsen and his Fourteenth-Century Interlocutors on Buddha-Lineage." PhD diss., University of Virginia, 2009.
Ahmad, Zahiruddin. "The Womb of the Tathāgata or Buddhist Monism." Journal of The Oriental Society of Australia 15/16, (1983–84): 27–44.
Bailey, V. H. & E. H. Johnston. "A Fragment of the Uttaratantra in Sanskrit." Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies 8, no. 1, (1935): 77-89.
Burchardi, Anne. "A Provisional List of Tibetan Commentaries on the Ratnagotravibhāga." Tibet Journal 31, no. 4 (Winter 2006): 3-46.
Burchardi, Anne. "How Can a Momentary and Conditioned Mind Be Integral to Gzhan Stong?." Journal of Buddhist Philosophy 2, (2016): 55-77.
Chen, Shuman. "Chinese Tiantai Doctrine on Insentient Things' Buddha-Nature." Chung-Hwa Buddhist Journal 中華佛學學報 24, (2011): 71-104.
Duckworth, Douglas S. "Onto-theology and Emptiness: The Nature of Buddha-Nature." Journal of the American Academy of Religion vol. 82, no. 4, (2014): 1070–1090.
Duckworth, Douglas S. "Grounds of Buddha-Nature in Tibet." 불교학리뷰 Critical Review for Buddhist Studies 21, (2017): 109-136.
D'Amato, Mario. "Can all Beings Potentially Attain Awakening? Gotra-theory in the Mahāyānasūtrālaṃkāra." Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 26, no. 1 (2003): 115-138.
Gimello, Robert M. "Apophatic and Kataphatic discourse in Mahāyāna: A Chinese View." Philosophy East and West 26, no 2 (1976): 117-136.
Grosnick, William. "Nonorigination and nirvana in the early tathagatagarbha literature." Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 4, no. 2 (1981): 33-43.
Groves, Nicholas. "Image-Likeness and ‘Tathāgatagarbha:’ A Reading of William of St. Thierry’s ‘Golden Epistle’ and the ‘Ratnagotravibhāga’." Buddhist-Christian Studies 10 (January 1, 1990): 97-117.
Higgins, David. "On the rDzogs chen Distinction between Mind (sems) and Primordial Knowing (ye shes): Clarifications and Transcendental Arguments." Journal of Buddhist Philosophy 2, (2016): 23-54.
Kano, Kazuo. "Hōshōronchū kenkyū (1): Phywa pa niyoru hōshōron 1.26 kaishaku" "『玉性論』註研究 (I): Phywa pa による『宝性論』1.26 解釈" "(A Study of Commentaries on the Ratnagotravibhāga (1))." Indogaku Bukkyōgaku Kenkyū 51, no. 2 (2003): 109-11.
Kano, Kazuo. "rṄog Blo ldan śes rab's Position on the Buddha-nature Doctrine and its Influence on the Early gSaṅ phu Tradition." Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 32, no. 1-2 (2009) 2010: 249-283.
Kano, Kazuo. "Ratnākaraśānti's Understanding of Buddha-nature." China Tibetology 25 (2015): 52–77.
Kano, Kazuo. "Exegeses of the Ratnagotravibhāga in Kashmir in the 11th and 12th Century," Kōyasandaigaku daigakuin kiyō 15 (2016): 1–23.
King, Sallie B. "Buddha Nature and the Concept of Person." Philosophy East and West 39, no 2 (1989): 151–70.
Komarovski, Yaroslav. "Reburying the Treasure—Maintaining the Continuity: Two Texts by Shakya Chokden on the Buddha-Essence." Journal of Indian Philosophy 34, no. 6 (2006): 521–70.
Komarovski, Yaroslav. "Shakya Chokden’s Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhāga: “Contemplative” or “Dialectical”?" Journal of Indian Philosophy 38, no. 4 (2010): 441–52.
Komarovski, Yaroslav. "From the Three Natures to the Two Natures: On a Fluid Approach to the Two Versions of Other-Emptiness from Fifteenth-Century Tibet." Journal of Buddhist Philosophy 2 (2016): 78-113.
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Mathes, Klaus-Dieter. "'Gos Lo tsā ba gZhon nu dpal’s Commentary on the Dharmatā Chapter of the Dharmadharmatāvibhāgakārikās.” Studies in Indian Philosophy and Buddhism, Tokyo University 12 (2005): 3-39.
Mathes, Klaus-Dieter. "'Gos Lo tsā ba gZhon nu dpal's Extensive Commentary on and Study of the Ratnagotravibhāgavyākhyā." In Religion and Secular Culture in Tibet, 79–96. Proceedings of the Ninth Seminar of the International Association for Tibetan Studies (PIATS), Leiden, 2000. Brill's Tibetan Studies Library 2, bk. 2 . Leiden : Brill, 2002.
Mathes, Klaus-Dieter. "Tārānatha's 'Twenty-One Differences with Regard to the Profound Meaning': Comparing the Views of the Two Gźan Stoṅ Masters Dol po pa and Śākya mchog ldan." Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 27, no. 2 (2004): 285–328.
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Mathes, Klaus-Dieter. "Presenting a Controversial Doctrine in a Conciliatory Way: Mkhan chen Gang shar dbang po's (1925-1958/59?) Inclusion of Gzhan Stong ("Emptiness of Other") within Prāsaṅgika." Journal of Buddhist Philosophy 2 (2016): 114-13.
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Mathes, Klaus-Dieter. "Did ‘Gos Lo tsā ba gZhon nu dpal (1392-1481) Espouse a gZhan sTong View?" In Fifteenth Century Tibet: Cultural Blossoming and Political Unrest, edited by Volker Caumanns and Marta Sernesi, 291–311. LIRI Seminar Proceedings Series 8. Lumbini: LIRI, 2017.
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Takasaki, Jikidō. Takasaki Jikidō Chosakushū 高崎直道著作集 Collected papers of Jikidō Takasaki, vols. 6 and 7. Nyoraizō shisō busshō ron I-II, 如来蔵思想•仏性論 I-II, (The Tathāgatagarbha or Buddha Nature Theory). Tokyo: Shunjūsha, 2010.
Ui, Hakuju. Hōshōron kenkyū, 宝性論研究, (Study of Ratnagotravibhāga). Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1959.
Zimmerman, Michael. "Nyraizōkyō saiko: Busshō no kyūyu wo chūshin to shite," "『如来蔵経』再考:仏性の{喩を中心として," "Reconsidering Tathāgatagarbhasūtra Focusing on the Nine Similes of Buddha-nature," edited by Masahiro Shimoda et al., 97–139. In Sirīzu daijōbukkyō 8: Nyoraizō to busshō. シリーズ大乗仏教8:如来蔵と仏性. Tokyo: Shunjūsha. 97-139.
Almogi, Orna. Rong-zom-pa’s Discourses on Buddhology : A Study of Various Conceptions of Buddhahood in Indian Sources with Special Reference to the Controversy Surrounding the Existence of Gnosis (jñāna : ye shes) as Presented by the Eleventh-Century Tibetan Scholar Rong-zom Chos-kyi-bzang-po. Tokyo: The International Institute for Buddhist Studies, 2009.
Draszczyk, Martina. Die Anwendung der Tathāgatagarbha-Lehre in Kong spruls Anleitung zur Gzhan stong-Sichtweise. Wiener Studien zur Tibetologie und Buddhismuskunde, Heft 87. Wien: Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien Universität Wien, 2015.
Draszczyk, Martina. "Tathāgatagarbha from the Perspective of Karma pa Mi bskyod rdo rje as presented in his Lamp that Eloquently Highlights the Tradition of the Gzhan stong Madhyamaka Proponents." Hōrin 18, (2017): 141–60.
Habata, Horomi. "Buddhadhātu, tathāgatadhātu and tathāgatagarbha in the Mahāparinirvāṇa-mahāsūtra." Hōrin 18, (2017): 176–96.
Higgins, David. "*Bodhigarbha (byang chub snying po): Preliminary Notes on an Early Rdzogs chen Concept of Buddha Nature." In The Other Emptiness: Perspectives on the Zhentong Buddhist Discourse in India and Tibet. Edited by Klaus-Dieter Mathes and Michael Sheehy. New York: State University of New York Press. (Forthcoming)
Jones, Christopher V. "The Use of, and Controversy Surrounding, the Term Ātman in the Indian Buddhist Tathāgatagarbha Literature." PhD diss. St. Peter’s College, Oxford University, 2015.
Mathes, Klaus-Dieter. "The Original Ratnagotravibhāga and its Yogācāra Interpretation as Possible Indian Precedents of Gzhan stong (“Emptiness of Other”)" In Hōrin 18, (2017): 119–140.
Mathes, Klaus-Dieter. "Tathāgatagarbha Influences in the Three Nature (trisvabhāva) Theory of the Maitreya Works." In Journal of Tibetology, Chengdu. (Forthcoming)
Kano, Kazuo.「ゲッティンゲン大学所蔵ラーフラ・サーンクリトヤーヤナ撮影梵文写本 Xc14/1、Xc14/57 について」、『密教文化』212、2004 年、35–54 頁。“On the Sanskrit Manuscripts Xc14/1, Xc14/57 Preserved in the University of Göttingen Photographed by Rahūla Saṅkṛtyāyana.” Mikkyo Bunka 212 (2004): 61–80.
Gray, David. The Cakrasamvara Tantra (The Discourse of Śrī Heruka): A Study and Annotated Translation. New York: American Institute of Buddhist Studies at Columbia University, 2007.
Nobuyoshi, Yamabe. "The idea of Dhātu-vāda in Yogacara and Tathāgata-garbha Texts." In Pruning the Bodhi Tree: The Storm over Critical Buddhism, edited by Jamie Hubbard and Paul L. Swanson, 193–204. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1997.

Multimedia Sources[edit]

Primary Sources[edit]

Canonical Sources[edit]

Sanskrit Sources[edit]

Tibetan Sources[edit]

Chinese Sources[edit]

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Commentarial Literature[edit]

Tibetan Sources[edit]

Chinese Sources[edit]

Korean Sources[edit]

Japanese Sources[edit]

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Duckworth, Douglas. "A Definition of Buddha-Nature." Interview by Alex Gardner. AAR Annual Meeting, Denver, CO, Nov. 20, 2018. Video, 8:45. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RvBflqZ4t2w.

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Dalai Lama, 14th. "Discourse on Uttaratantra." Pt. 1 of 4. Interpreted by Alexander Berzin, Filmed May 1986 in Holland. Produced by Study Buddhism. Video, 1:37:22, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsiVRQ3T6EY.

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Khandro Rinpoche. "Abiding within the Buddha-Nature." Produced by Vidyaloke. Filmed at Vana, Dehradun, India, March 6, 2019. Video, 2:08:29. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C0XBC1-k7Sg&t=3120s.

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Guan, Yin. "About Faith: Everyone Has Buddha-Nature." Produced by Jade Rei Sylvan. Video, 1:38. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vILGYjab20w.

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Schelling, Arne. "About the Mahayana Uttaratantra Shastra with Arne Schelling." Produced by Dharma Mati Berlin, October 9, 2020. Video, 3:56. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XmbEEbTVcrQ.

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Zimmermann, Michael. "All Living Beings Have Buddha-Nature: The Genesis of the Concept of Universal Buddhahood." Produced by Glorisun Global Network for Buddhist Studies and FROGBEAR, October 7, 2019, at The University of British Columbia. Glorisun Distinguished Lecture Series. Video, 1:06:34. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aZg45nKtOTM.

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Mingyur, Yongey. "An Introduction to Discovering the Buddha Within." Produced by the Palpung Audio and Visual Archive (PAVA), Feb 19, 2020. Video, 5:45. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=azIK84yIJqk&t=13s.

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Burchardi, Anne. "Advice on Navigating the Plethora of Available Buddha-Nature Teachings." Conversations on Buddha-Nature with Lopen Dr. Karma Phuntsho. Produced by the Tsadra Foundation Research Department, December 18, 2021. Video, 6:11. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQTddI3Tv8I.

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Burchardi, Anne. "Buddha-Nature in Practice: How the Notion of 'Garbha' Can Be Applied to 'Being in the World'." Old Topic, New Insights: Buddha-Nature at the Crossroads between Doctrine and Practice. The 16th IATS Conference, Prague, July 3–9, 2022. Produced by the Tsadra Foundation Research Department. Video, 18:19. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G-e9mJqrZIc.

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Burchardi, Anne. "On Her First Encounter with Buddha-Nature Teachings." Conversations on Buddha-Nature with Lopen Dr. Karma Phuntsho. Produced by the Tsadra Foundation Research Department, December 18, 2021. Video, 11:42. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ad5Bejnvzc0.

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Burchardi, Anne. "On Her Work Compiling the Commentaries to the Uttaratantra." Conversations on Buddha-Nature with Lopen Dr. Karma Phuntsho. Produced by the Tsadra Foundation Research Department, December 18, 2021. Video, 3:18. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iLnNvQ2Zy7Y.

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Burchardi, Anne. "On Turning Hardship into the Path." Conversations on Buddha-Nature with Lopen Dr. Karma Phuntsho. Produced by the Tsadra Foundation Research Department, December 18, 2021. Video, 4:00. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dOhacgM0S3I.

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Burchardi, Anne. "On the Provisional or Definitive Nature of the Buddha-Nature Teachings." Conversations on Buddha-Nature with Lopen Dr. Karma Phuntsho. Produced by the Tsadra Foundation Research Department, December 18, 2021. Video, 3:37. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SDfD6gzolX4.

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Burchardi, Anne. "On the Sutra Sources for the Uttaratantra and Her Work on the Dharanishvarajasutra." Conversations on Buddha-Nature with Lopen Dr. Karma Phuntsho. Produced by the Tsadra Foundation Research Department, December 18, 2021. Video, 8:43. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=htbHopiQeYg.

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Burchardi, Anne. "Why the Buddha-Nature Teachings were Taught according to the Uttaratantrashastra." Conversations on Buddha-Nature with Lopen Dr. Karma Phuntsho. Produced by the Tsadra Foundation Research Department, December 18, 2021. Video, 24:22. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XGOlGy59bMU.

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Pettit, John W. "Basics of Buddha-Nature: Mipham's Roaring Lions Public." Recorded March 27, 2019 at Rangjung Yeshe Institute, Nepal. Audio, 1:14:20. https://soundcloud.com/rangjung-yeshe-institute/basics-of-buddha-nature-miphams-roaring-lions-public.

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Klein, Anne. "Buddha-Nature and Permission." Produced by Dawn Mountain Online, July 26, 2016. Video, 1:07. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4HXPia-AzlM.

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Thero, Ven. Dhammadipa. "Buddha Nature and the Yogācāra Analysis of Mind in The Awakening of Faith." Recorded October 6, 2015 at Rangjung Yeshe Institute, Nepal. Audio, 1:43:28. https://soundcloud.com/rangjung-yeshe-institute/ven-dhammadipa-buddha-nature-and-the-yogacara-analysis-of-mind-in-the-awakening-of-faith.

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Ringu Tulku. "Buddha Nature." Pt. 1 of 3. Produced by and filmed at Karma Sonam Dargye Ling Temple, December 1, 2015. Video, 1:37:22. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e8BD50jtFgg.

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Ajahn Brahm. "Buddha Nature by Ven. Ajahn Brahm." Recorded December 27, 2002. Audio, 55:18. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=69VQ8Ok4WlA.

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Duckworth, Douglas S. "Buddha Nature in Tibet: Transformation of the Ground." Recorded 2017 at Rangjung Yeshe Institute, Nepal. Audio, 1:24:26. https://soundcloud.com/rangjung-yeshe-institute/dr-douglas-duckworth-buddha-nature-in-tibet-transformations-of-the-ground.

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Gyamtso, Khenpo Tsultrim. "Buddha Nature: A Collection of Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamsto's Teachings on Buddha Nature. The Marpa Foundation's Digital Library of Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso Rinpoche. http://ktgr.dscloud.me/moodle/course/index.php?categoryid=25.

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Zasep Tulku. "Buddha Nature: What Is It? How Is It Different from Soul?" Produced by Buddha Weekly, February 5, 2018. Video, 13:03. https://buddhaweekly.com/buddha-nature-important-video-teaching-venerable-zasep-rinpoche-mantra-chanting-yoko-dharma/.

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Tsenshab, Kirti. "Buddha Potential 1: Uttaratantra by Kirti Tsenshab Rinpoche." Pt. 1 of 9. Filmed at Land of Medicine Buddha, Soquel, CA, 2003. Video, 1:27:14. https://vimeo.com/136634699.

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Tsenshab, Kirti. "Buddha Potential 2: Uttaratantra by Kirti Tsenshab Rinpoche." Pt. 1 of 7. Filmed at Land of Medicine Buddha, Soquel, CA, 2004. Video, 1:35:47. https://vimeo.com/141332642.

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Tsadra Foundation. "Buddha-Nature Event: 19 September 2020." Buddha-Nature: A Tsadra Foundation Initiative. Recorded September 19, 2020. Video, 2:33:07. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p7AS1Iltnto.

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Hubbard, Jamie, and Paul Swanson. "Buddha-Nature according to Zhiyi and the T'ien T'ai Tradition." Interview by Marcus Perman, Alex Gardner, and José Cabezón. AAR Annual Meeting, Denver, CO, Nov. 2018. Video, 4:19. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZI4wpr4NAjk.

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Mingyur, Yongey, 7th. "Buddha-Nature and Creativity." August 30, 2018, Video, 1:37. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xVV469EDRcU.

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Roberts, Peter Alan. "Buddha-Nature in the Mahāparinirvāṇasūtra." Conversations on Buddha-Nature with Lopen Dr. Karma Phuntsho. Produced by the Tsadra Foundation Research Department, Aug 31, 2024. Video, 1:07:45. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lPEiXnA-u6E.

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Finch, Rev. George Kosho. "Buddha-Nature." True Words: A Shingon Buddhist Podcast, episode 22. Produced by the Foundation for Shingon Buddhism. August 5, 2017. Audio, 15:34. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tpQM8qG8k0k.

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Sonam, Khenpo Tshewang. "Buddha-Nature." Produced by Lopen Dr. Karma Phuntsho, Thimphu, Bhutan, 2021. Video, 16:14. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c21zUyp7bKs.

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Dahl, Cortland. "Buddha-Nature." Pt. 1 of 4. Recorded at Tergar Madison Meditation Center, Madison, WI, October 10, 2019. Audio, 1:31:21. https://soundcloud.com/tergar/buddha-nature-cortland-dahl-20191010-tmad.

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Dorjee, Dudjom. "Buddha Nature." Produced by Karma Thegsum Chöling Dallas, February 21, 2010. Video, 8:23. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xfH82y-pLW0.

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Phuntsho, Karma. "Buddha-Nature: Theoretical Understanding and Practical Application." Recorded at Dharma Gate Buddhist College in Budapest, Hungary, Sep 22, 2022. Video, 1:52:27. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3wUSjjvsdFg.

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Sheng Yen. "Buddhism's Buddha-Nature and Confucianism's Idea of Inherent Goodness." Produced by Dharma Drum Mountain, January 3, 2016. Video, 8:33. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rv2qlACVB8I.

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Chodron, T. "Buddhism: One Teacher, Many Traditions. Chapter 14: Buddha Nature." Pt. 1 of 4. Produced by Sravasti Abbey, November 15, 2017. Video, 1:15:30, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8XpyXg7sAnw.

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Kemp, Casey. "The Luminous Basis for Buddhahood: ’Jig rten mgon po’s Pith Instructions for Merging the Nature of Mind with the Dharmakāya." Paper presented at the University of Vienna Symposium, Tathāgatagarbha Across Asia, Vienna, Austria, July 2019. Video, 41:36. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O7VQkhK1CE0.

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Kemp, Casey. "Buddha-Nature as a Path of Means: The Influence of Buddha-Nature Theory on Eleventh-Century Tibetan Tantric Instructions." Old Topic, New Insights: Buddha-Nature at the Crossroads between Doctrine and Practice. The 16th IATS Conference, Prague, July 3–9, 2022. Produced by the Tsadra Foundation Research Department. Video, 18:48. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zr8U2HiLpEE.

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Charrier, Christian, and Patrick Carré. "Uttaratantraśāstra: A New French Translation from Tibetan According to ‘Jam mgon Kong sprul’s Commentary." Paper presented at the University of Vienna Symposium, Tathāgatagarbha Across Asia, Vienna, Austria, July 2019. Video, 40:49. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sgz0XThTwGE.

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Jones, Christopher. "Defining a 'Buddha-Nature Discourse': The Case of the Mahāmeghasūtra (Sprin chen po'i mdo)." Old Topic, New Insights: Buddha-Nature at the Crossroads between Doctrine and Practice. The 16th IATS Conference, Prague, July 3–9, 2022. Produced by the Tsadra Foundation Research Department. Video, 17:22. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yi7pzXbM4-c.

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Jones, Christopher V. "Selfhood, Secrecy, Singularity: Reassessing the Early Life of the Tathāgatagarbha in India." Paper presented at the University of Vienna Symposium, Tathāgatagarbha Across Asia, Vienna, Austria, July 2019. Video, 45:01. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ARzGpIOwFYc.

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Geydrak Rinpoche. "Closing Remarks from Geydrak Rinpoche." 2023 Buddha-Nature Conference, Shechen Monastery, Kathmandu. Produced by the Tsadra Foundation Research Department. Video, 7:53. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VTLq72nR9iU.

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Gyurme Tsultrim, Khenpo. "Closing Remarks from Khenpo Gyurme Tsultrim." 2023 Buddha-Nature Conference, Shechen Monastery, Kathmandu. Produced by the Tsadra Foundation Research Department. Video, 16:18. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oiRHboR24MU.

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Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche, (The 7th). "Compassion, Love, and Buddha Nature." Produced by Rebel Buddha TV, Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche, May 27, 2013. Video, 3:42. https://vimeo.com/67070265.

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Hubbard, Jamie, and Paul Swanson. "Critical Buddhism: An Overview." Interview by Marcus Perman, Alex Gardner, and José Cabezón. AAR Annual Meeting, Denver, CO, Nov. 2018. Video, 10:52. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UWbTA-L5I_w&t.

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Germano, David. "How Can Dzogchen Teachings and Practices Be Made More Relevant to the Wider World?" Conversations on Buddha-Nature with Lopen Dr. Karma Phuntsho. Produced by the Tsadra Foundation Research Department, Aug 27, 2022. Video, 11:16. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ac2mGKly6ws.

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Germano, David. "How Does One Actualize Buddha-Nature in the Nyingtik Teachings?" Conversations on Buddha-Nature with Lopen Dr. Karma Phuntsho. Produced by the Tsadra Foundation Research Department, Aug 27, 2022. Video, 9:59. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XRr0w1uzWmY.

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Germano, David. "How Does gzhi (ground or base) Relate to bden pa gnyis (two truths) in Madhyamaka?" Conversations on Buddha-Nature with Lopen Dr. Karma Phuntsho. Produced by the Tsadra Foundation Research Department, Aug 27, 2022. Video, 6:41. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=58nyymx1agE.

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Germano, David. "On Buddha-Nature in Tibet in the Early Translation Period." Conversations on Buddha-Nature with Lopen Dr. Karma Phuntsho. Produced by the Tsadra Foundation Research Department, Aug 27, 2022. Video, 3:27. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CNGs82a3NgM.

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Germano, David. "On His Current Research Projects." Conversations on Buddha-Nature with Lopen Dr. Karma Phuntsho. Produced by the Tsadra Foundation Research Department, Aug 27, 2022. Video, 4:49. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0UI8lD5YxTk.

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The Bibliography

Selected Bibliography & Resources

399 Citations

Academic Sources[edit]

Multimedia Sources[edit]

Primary Sources[edit]

Canonical Sources[edit]

Sanskrit Sources[edit]

Tibetan Sources[edit]

Chinese Sources[edit]

Commentarial Literature[edit]

Tibetan Sources[edit]

Chinese Sources[edit]

Korean Sources[edit]

Japanese Sources[edit]

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